{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:03:32Z","timestamp":1791072212735,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,1]],"date-time":"2006-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1159660800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Artif Intell Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-007-9034-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,10]],"date-time":"2007-09-10T22:27:54Z","timestamp":1189463274000},"page":"35-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Evolved term-weighting schemes in Information Retrieval: an analysis of the solution space"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ronan","family":"Cummins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colm","family":"O\u2019Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"9034_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buckley C, Voorhees EM (2000) Evaluating evaluation measure stability. In: SIGIR \u201900: Proceedings of the 23rd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. New York, NY, USA, ACM Press, pp 33\u201340","DOI":"10.1145\/345508.345543"},{"key":"9034_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carterette B, Allan J (2005) Incremental test collections. In: CIKM \u201905: Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management. New York, NY, USA, ACM Press, pp 680\u2013687","DOI":"10.1145\/1099554.1099723"},{"issue":"11","key":"9034_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/16.11.1056","volume":"16","author":"J-H Choi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Choi J-H, Jung H-Y, Kim H-S and Cho H-G (2000). PhyloDraw: a phylogenetic tree drawing system. Bioinformatics 16(11): 1056\u20131058","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"9034_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chowdhury A, McCabe MC, Grossman D, Frieder O (2002) Document normalization revisited. In: SIGIR \u201902: Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval. New York, NY, USA, ACM Press, pp 381\u2013382","DOI":"10.1145\/564376.564454"},{"key":"9034_CR5","volume-title":"17th artificial intelligence and cognitive science conference (AICS 2006)","author":"R Cummins","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cummins R and O\u2019Riordan C (2006). An analysis of the solution space for genetically programmed term-weighting schemes in information retrieval. In: Bell, PMD and Sage, P (eds) 17th artificial intelligence and cognitive science conference (AICS 2006), pp. Queen\u2019s University, Belfast Northern Ireland"},{"issue":"3","key":"9034_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-006-1682-6","volume":"9","author":"R Cummins","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cummins R and O\u2019Riordan C (2006). Evolving local and global weighting schemes in information retrieval. Inform Retrieval 9(3): 311\u2013330","journal-title":"Inform Retrieval"},{"key":"9034_CR7","volume-title":"TIR-06 text based information retrieval, workshop, ECAI 2006","author":"R Cummins","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cummins R and O\u2019Riordan C (2006). A framework for the study of evolved term-weighting schemes in information retrieval. In: Stein, B and Kao, O (eds) TIR-06 text based information retrieval, workshop, ECAI 2006, pp. Riva del Garda, Italy"},{"issue":"4","key":"9034_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2003.08.001","volume":"40","author":"W Fan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fan W, Gordon MD and Pathak P (2004). A generic ranking function discovery framework by genetic programming for information retrieval. Inform Proces Manage 40(4): 587\u2013602","journal-title":"Inform Proces Manage"},{"key":"9034_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang H, Zhai C (2005) An exploration of axiomatic approaches to information retrieval. In: SIGIR \u201905: Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. New York, NY, USA, ACM Press, pp 480\u2013487","DOI":"10.1145\/1076034.1076116"},{"key":"9034_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HE B, Ounis I (2003) A study of parameter tuning for term frequency normalization. In: CIKM \u201903: Proceedings of the twelfth international conference on Information and knowledge management. New York, NY, USA, ACM Press, pp 10\u201316","DOI":"10.1145\/956863.956867"},{"issue":"6","key":"9034_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4573(00)00015-7","volume":"36","author":"KS Jones","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jones KS, Walker S and Robertson SE (2000). A probabilistic model of information retrieval: development and comparative experiments. Inf Process Manage 36(6): 779\u2013808","journal-title":"Inf Process Manage"},{"key":"9034_CR12","volume-title":"Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection","author":"JR Koza","year":"1992","unstructured":"Koza JR (1992). Genetic programming: on the programming of computers by means of natural selection. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA"},{"key":"9034_CR13","unstructured":"Luke S (2001) When short runs beat long runs. In: Proceedings of the genetic and evolutionary computation conference (GECCO-2001). San Francisco, California, USA, Morgan Kaufmann, pp 74\u201380"},{"key":"9034_CR14","unstructured":"Oren N (2002) Re-examining tf.idf based information retrieval with genetic programming. Proceedings of SAICSIT"},{"key":"9034_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ponte JM, Croft WB (1998) A language modeling approach to information retrieval. In: SIGIR \u201998: Proceedings of the 21st annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. New York, NY, USA, ACM Press, pp 275\u2013281","DOI":"10.1145\/290941.291008"},{"issue":"5","key":"9034_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4573(88)90021-0","volume":"24","author":"G Salton","year":"1988","unstructured":"Salton G and Buckley C (1988). Term-weighting approaches in automatic text retrieval. Inform Process Manage 24(5): 513\u2013523","journal-title":"Inform Process Manage"},{"issue":"11","key":"9034_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1145\/361219.361220","volume":"18","author":"G Salton","year":"1975","unstructured":"Salton G, Wong A and Yang CS (1975). A vector space model for automatic indexing. Commun ACM 18(11): 613\u2013620","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"issue":"4","key":"9034_CR18","first-page":"35","volume":"24","author":"A Singhal","year":"2001","unstructured":"Singhal A (2001). Modern information retrieval: a brief overview. Bull IEEE Comput Soc Tech Comm Data Eng 24(4): 35\u201343","journal-title":"Bull IEEE Comput Soc Tech Comm Data Eng"},{"key":"9034_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-005-6991-7","volume":"8","author":"A Trotman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Trotman A (2005). Learning to rank. Inform Retrieval 8: 359\u2013381","journal-title":"Inform Retrieval"},{"issue":"1","key":"9034_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1145\/281250.281256","volume":"32","author":"J Zobel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zobel J and Moffat A (1998). Exploring the similarity space. SIGIR Forum 32(1): 18\u201334","journal-title":"SIGIR Forum"}],"container-title":["Artificial Intelligence Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10462-007-9034-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10462-007-9034-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10462-007-9034-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T17:45:05Z","timestamp":1559151905000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10462-007-9034-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}},"alternative-id":["9034"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-007-9034-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2821","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7462","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}}}