{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T03:36:40Z","timestamp":1768448200955,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Artif Intell Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study proposes a novel approach to fuzzy <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-soft sets for handling cases where membership degree and grade are not related. In the standard model of fuzzy <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-soft sets, membership degree and grade are assumed to be directly proportional. This assumption may not hold true in real-world situations, so a more flexible and nuanced approach is necessary. The proposed approach includes two novel algorithms for decision-making problems involving fuzzy <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-soft sets. As a result, it is able to be adaptable and sensitive when addressing uncertainties in real-world scenarios, with a particular focus on identifying and sanctioning cyber harassment on social media platforms. Additionally, an innovative perspective and approach to decision-making problems involving fuzzy <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-soft sets is introduced by extending an established selection process that prioritizes the dominant parameter, resulting in more precise and dependable outcomes. Our study offers an effective tool for decision-making in various fields, including e-commerce, social media, and product reviews.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-023-10640-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T07:02:26Z","timestamp":1704870146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A novel approach to fuzzy N-soft sets and its application for identifying and sanctioning cyber harassment on social media platforms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Esra","family":"Korkmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Riaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Muhammet","family":"Deveci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Seifedine","family":"Kadry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"10640_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-18244","volume":"35","author":"M Akram","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akram M, Adeel A, Alcantud JCR (2018) Fuzzy N-soft sets: a novel model with applications. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 35:1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JIFS-18244","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"6","key":"10640_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6113","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-181972","volume":"36","author":"M Akram","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akram M, Adeel A, Alcantud JCR (2019) Hesitant fuzzy N-soft sets: a new model with applications in decision-making. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 36(6):6113\u20136127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JIFS-181972","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"10640_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2023.105879","volume":"120","author":"M Akram","year":"2023","unstructured":"Akram M, Ali G, Alcantud JCR (2023) A novel group decision-making framework under Pythagorean fuzzy N-soft expert knowledge. Eng Appl Artif Intell 120:105879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engappai.2023.105879","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"issue":"11","key":"10640_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2996","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2019.2946526","volume":"28","author":"JCR Alcantud","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alcantud JCR, Feng F, Yager RR (2019) An N-soft set approach to rough sets. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 28(11):2996\u20133007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TFUZZ.2019.2946526","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"10640_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117430","volume":"203","author":"JCR Alcantud","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alcantud JCR, Santos-Garc\u00eda G, Akram M (2022) OWA aggregation operators and multi-agent decisions with N-soft sets. Expert Syst Appl 203:117430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117430","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"10640_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.05.052","volume":"36","author":"MI Ali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ali MI, Mahmood T, Rehman MMU, Aslam MF (2015) On lattice ordered soft sets. Appl Soft Comput 36:499\u2013505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2015.05.052","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"10640_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.56578\/jimd020203","volume":"2","author":"I Badi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Badi I, Elghoul EM (2023) Using Grey-ARAS approach to investigate the role of social media platforms in spreading fake news during COVID-19 pandemic. J Intell Manag Decis 2:66\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56578\/jimd020203","journal-title":"J Intell Manag Decis"},{"key":"10640_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chandra N, Khatri SK, Som S (2018) Cyberbullying detection using recursive neural network through offline repository. In: 2018 7th international conference on reliability, infocom technologies and optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICRITO.2018.8748570","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRITO.2018.8748570"},{"issue":"4","key":"10640_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2012.10.005","volume":"14","author":"S Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen S, Liu J, Wang H, Augusto JC (2013) Ordering based decision-making: a survey. Inf Fusion 14(4):521\u2013531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.inffus.2012.10.005","journal-title":"Inf Fusion"},{"issue":"1","key":"10640_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.31181\/dmame181221045d","volume":"5","author":"AK Das","year":"2022","unstructured":"Das AK, Granados C (2022) FP-intuitionistic multi fuzzy N-soft set and its induced FP-Hesitant N-soft set in decision-making. Decis Making 5(1):67\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31181\/dmame181221045d","journal-title":"Decis Making"},{"key":"10640_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diaz-Garcia JA, Fernandez-Basso C, G\u00f3mez-S\u00e1nchez J, Guti\u00e9rrez-Batista K, Ruiz MD, Martin-Bautista MJ (2022) A fuzzy-based approach for cyberbullying analysis. In: Information processing and management of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems. IPMU 2022, pp. 317-328. https:\/\/doi.org\/j6jg","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-08974-9_25"},{"key":"10640_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.31181\/jscda1120234","volume":"1","author":"H Din\u00e7er","year":"2023","unstructured":"Din\u00e7er H, Y\u00fcksel S, Eti S (2023) Identifying the right policies for increasing the efficiency of the renewable energy transition with a novel fuzzy decision-making model. J Soft Comput Decis Anal 1:50\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31181\/jscda1120234","journal-title":"J Soft Comput Decis Anal"},{"key":"10640_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3829","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-017-2838-6","volume":"22","author":"F Fatimah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fatimah F, Rosadi D, Fajriya Hakim RB, Alcantud JCR (2018) N-soft sets and their decision making algorithms. Soft Comput 22:3829\u20133842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00500-017-2838-6","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"10640_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2009.11.055","volume":"234","author":"F Feng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feng F, Jun YB, Liu X, Li L (2010) An adjustable approach to fuzzy soft set based decision making. J Comput Appl Math 234:10\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cam.2009.11.055","journal-title":"J Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"10640_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herawan T, Deris MM (2009) On multi-soft sets construction in information systems. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, pp 101\u2013110","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04020-7_12"},{"key":"10640_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.31181\/rme20031012023k","volume":"4","author":"MR Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan MR, Ullah K, Khan Q (2023) Multi-attribute decision-making using Archimedean aggregation operator in T-spherical fuzzy environment. Rep Mech Eng 4:18\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31181\/rme20031012023k","journal-title":"Rep Mech Eng"},{"key":"10640_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2008.01.011","volume":"223","author":"Z Kong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kong Z, Gao L, Wang L (2009) Comment on \u201cA fuzzy soft set theoretic approach to decision making problems\u2019\u2019. J Comput Appl Math 223:540\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cam.2008.01.011","journal-title":"J Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"10640_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109875","volume":"132","author":"E Korkmaz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Korkmaz E, \u00d6zcan C, Korkmaz M (2023) An application of fuzzy soft sets to a real-life problem: classification of wood materials to prevent fire-related injuries and deaths. Appl Soft Comput 132:109875. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2022.109875","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"10640_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-016-9490-x","volume":"47","author":"X Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma X, Liu Q, Zhan J (2017) A survey of decision making methods based on certain hybrid soft set models. Artif Intell Rev 47:507\u2013530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-016-9490-x","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"10640_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-016-9534-2","volume":"49","author":"X Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma X, Zhan J, Ali MI, Mehmood N (2018) A survey of decision making methods based on two classes of hybrid soft set models. Artif Intell Rev 49:511\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-016-9534-2","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10640_CR21","first-page":"589","volume":"9","author":"PK Maji","year":"2001","unstructured":"Maji PK, Biswas R, Roy AR (2001) Fuzzy soft sets. J Fuzzy Math 9(3):589\u2013602","journal-title":"J Fuzzy Math"},{"key":"10640_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-1221(02)00216-X","volume":"44","author":"PK Maji","year":"2002","unstructured":"Maji PK, Roy AR, Biswas R (2002) An application of soft sets in a decision making problem. Comput Math Appl 44:1077\u20131083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0898-1221(02)00216-X","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"10640_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-1221(99)00056-5","volume":"37","author":"DA Molodtsov","year":"1999","unstructured":"Molodtsov DA (1999) Soft set theory-first results. Comput Math Appl 37:19\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0898-1221(99)00056-5","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"10640_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.31181\/jscda11202312","volume":"1","author":"MZ Nezhad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nezhad MZ, Nazarian-Jashnabadi J, Rezazadeh J, Mehraeen M, Bagheri R (2023) Assessing dimensions influencing IoT implementation readiness in industries: a fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy AHP analysis. J Soft Comput Decis Anal 1:102\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31181\/jscda11202312","journal-title":"J Soft Comput Decis Anal"},{"key":"10640_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.31181\/rme040117042023p","volume":"4","author":"D Panchal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Panchal D (2023) Reliability analysis of turbine unit using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Lambda-Tau approach. Rep Mech Eng 4:47\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31181\/rme040117042023p","journal-title":"Rep Mech Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"10640_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6521","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-182919","volume":"36","author":"M Riaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Riaz M, \u00c7a\u011fman N, Zareef I, Aslam M (2019) N-soft topology and its applications to multi-criteria group decision making. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 36(6):6521\u20136536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JIFS-182919","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"10640_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosa H, Carvalho J, Calado PP, Martins B, Ribeiro R, Coheur L (2018) Using fuzzy fingerprints for cyberbullying detection in social networks. In: 2018 IEEE international conference on fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2018.8491557","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2018.8491557"},{"key":"10640_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2006.04.008","volume":"203","author":"AR Roy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Roy AR, Maji PK (2007) A fuzzy soft set theoretic approach to decision making problems. J Comput Appl Math 203:412\u2013418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cam.2006.04.008","journal-title":"J Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"10640_CR29","volume-title":"The analytic hierarchy process: planning. Priority setting, resource allocation","author":"TL Saaty","year":"1980","unstructured":"Saaty TL (1980) The analytic hierarchy process: planning. Priority setting, resource allocation. Mcgraw-Hill, New York"},{"key":"10640_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sintaha M, Mostakim M (2018) An empirical study and analysis of the machine learning algorithms used in detecting cyberbullying in social media. In: 2018 21st international conference of computer and information technology (ICCIT). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCITECHN.2018.8631958","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCITECHN.2018.8631958"},{"key":"10640_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.31181\/dmame04012023p","volume":"6","author":"P Sivaprakasam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sivaprakasam P, Angamuthu M (2023) Generalized Z-fuzzy soft \u03b2-covering based rough matrices and its application to MAGDM problem based on AHP method. Decis Making 6:134\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31181\/dmame04012023p","journal-title":"Decis Making"},{"key":"10640_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.3233\/IFS-151732","volume":"29","author":"J Zhan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhan J, Zhu K (2015) Reviews on decision making methods based on (fuzzy) soft sets and rough soft sets. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 29:1169\u20131176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/IFS-151732","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"}],"container-title":["Artificial Intelligence Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10462-023-10640-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10462-023-10640-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10462-023-10640-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T06:13:01Z","timestamp":1705903981000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10462-023-10640-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-023-10640-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2821","1573-7462"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2821","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7462","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2024","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"14"}}