{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T05:50:07Z","timestamp":1759384207607,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Oper Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-022-05102-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T12:03:40Z","timestamp":1675166620000},"page":"325-353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The cumulative vehicle routing problem with time windows: models and algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"350","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0291-7739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez Gil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7286-9501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Lalla-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5546-1638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariam","family":"G\u00f3mez S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4149-7730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5102_CR1","first-page":"348","volume":"9","author":"KJ Adebayo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Adebayo, K. J., Aderibigbe, F. M., & Dele-Rotimi, A. O. (2019). On vehicle routing problems (VRP) with a focus on multiple priorities. American Journal of Computational Mathematics, 9(4), 348\u2013357.","journal-title":"American Journal of Computational Mathematics"},{"key":"5102_CR2","unstructured":"Aggarwal, C.\u00a0C., & Reddy, C.\u00a0K. (2014) A survey of partitional and hierarchical clustering algorithms. Data clustering: Algorithms and applications (1st ed.), chapter\u00a04, (pp. 87\u2013106)."},{"key":"5102_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.03.040","volume":"105","author":"Chami Z Al","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al, Chami Z., Manier, H., Manier, M.-A., & Chebib, E. (2018). An advanced GRASP-HGA combination to solve a multi-period pickup and delivery problem. Expert Systems with Applications, 105, 262\u2013272.","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"8","key":"5102_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2011.02.004","volume":"45","author":"T Bekta\u015f","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bekta\u015f, T., & Laporte, G. (2011). The pollution-routing problem. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 45(8), 1232\u20131250.","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological"},{"issue":"3","key":"5102_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.7166\/32-3-2610","volume":"32","author":"J B\u00fchrmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"B\u00fchrmann, J., & Bruwer, F. (2021). K-medoid petal-shaped clustering for the capacitated vehicle routing problem. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 32(3), 33\u201341.","journal-title":"South African Journal of Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"5102_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carreto, C., & Baker, B. (2002). A GRASP interactive approach to the vehicle routing problem with backhauls. Essays and Surveys in Metaheuristics, (pp. 185\u2013199). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1507-4_9"},{"key":"5102_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10666-014-9434-2","volume":"20","author":"D Cinar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cinar, D., Gakis, K., & Pardalos, P. M. (2015). Reduction of CO$$_2$$ emissions in cumulative multi-trip vehicle routing problems with limited duration. Environmental Modeling & Assessment, 20, 273\u2013284.","journal-title":"Environmental Modeling & Assessment"},{"key":"5102_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.02.046","volume":"56","author":"D Cinar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cinar, D., Gakis, K., & Pardalos, P. M. (2016). A 2-phase constructive algorithm for cumulative vehicle routing problems with limited duration. Expert Systems with Applications, 56, 48\u201358.","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"5102_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2022.108054","volume":"169","author":"K Corona-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Corona-Guti\u00e9rrez, K., Nucamendi-Guill\u00e9n, S., & Lalla-Ruiz, E. (2022). Vehicle routing with cumulative objectives: A state of the art and analysis. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 169, 108054.","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"5102_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2012.06.044","volume":"223","author":"E Demir","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demir, E., Bekta\u015f, T., & Laporte, G. (2012). An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the pollution-routing problem. European Journal of Operational Research, 223(2), 346\u2013359.","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"5102_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.12.033","volume":"237","author":"E Demir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Demir, E., Bekta\u015f, T., & Laporte, G. (2014). A review of recent research on green road freight transportation. European Journal of Operational Research, 237(3), 775\u2013793.","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"5102_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eglese, R., & Bektas, T. (2014). Green vehicle routing. Vehicle routing: Problems, methods, and applications, second edition, chapter\u00a015, (pp. 437\u2013458). SIAM.","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611973594.ch15"},{"key":"5102_CR13","unstructured":"Eglese, R., & Black, D. (2015). Optimizing the routeing of vehicles. Kogan Page."},{"key":"5102_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2018.06.008","volume":"116","author":"JF Ehmke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ehmke, J. F., Campbell, A. M., & Thomas, B. W. (2018). Optimizing for total costs in vehicle routing in urban areas. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 116, 242\u2013265.","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"key":"5102_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.106047","volume":"137","author":"A Exp\u00f3sito-M\u00e1rquez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Exp\u00f3sito-M\u00e1rquez, A., Exp\u00f3sito-Izquierdo, C., Brito-Santana, J., & Moreno-P\u00e9rez, J. A. (2019). Greedy randomized adaptive search procedure to design waste collection routes in La Palma. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 137, 106047.","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"5102_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(00)00098-9","volume":"131","author":"K Fagerholt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fagerholt, K. (2001). Ship scheduling with soft time windows: An optimisation based approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 131(3), 559\u2013571.","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"5102_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, A., Zhang, Y., Tian, P., Lv, Y., & Fan, H. (2021). Time-dependent multi-depot green vehicle routing problem with time windows considering temporal-spatial distance. Computers & Operations Research, 129, 105211.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2021.105211"},{"issue":"2","key":"5102_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01096763","volume":"6","author":"TA Feo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Feo, T. A., & Resende, M. G. (1995). Greedy randomized adaptive search procedures. Journal of Global Optimization, 6(2), 109\u2013133.","journal-title":"Journal of Global Optimization"},{"key":"5102_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez, A., G\u00f3mez\u00a0S\u00e1nchez, M., Lalla-Ruiz, E., & Castro, C. (2020). Cumulative VRP with time windows: A trade-off analysis. In International Conference on Computational Logistics, (pp. 277\u2013291). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59747-4_18"},{"key":"5102_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez Gil A. and Lalla-Ruiz E., G\u00f3mez S\u00e1nchez M. and Castro C. (2022). A Review of Heuristics and Hybrid Methods for Green Vehicle Routing Problems considering Emissions, Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2022, 5714991 Hindawi.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5714991"},{"key":"5102_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dam.2016.05.030","volume":"228","author":"DR Gaur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gaur, D. R., & Singh, R. R. (2017). A heuristic for cumulative vehicle routing using column generation. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 228, 140\u2013157.","journal-title":"Discrete Applied Mathematics"},{"issue":"3","key":"5102_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-017-9280-z","volume":"29","author":"L Heilig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heilig, L., Lalla-Ruiz, E., & Vo\u00df, S. (2017). port-IO: An integrative mobile cloud platform for real-time inter-terminal truck routing optimization. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 29(3), 504\u2013534.","journal-title":"Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal"},{"key":"5102_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2017.03.015","volume":"188","author":"MSJ Hossain","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hossain, M. S. J., Ohaiba, M. M., & Sarker, B. R. (2017). An optimal vendor-buyer cooperative policy under generalized lead-time distribution with penalty cost for delivery lateness. International Journal of Production Economics, 188, 50\u201362.","journal-title":"International Journal of Production Economics"},{"key":"5102_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.2861","volume":"36","author":"F Hutter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hutter, F., Hoos, H. H., Leyton-Brown, K., & St\u00fctzle, T. (2009). ParamILS: An automatic algorithm configuration framework. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 36, 267\u2013306.","journal-title":"Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research"},{"key":"5102_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kara, \u0130., Kara, B.\u00a0Y., & Yeti\u015f, M.\u00a0K. (2007). Energy minimizing vehicle routing problem. In 2007 Combinatorial Optimization and Applications COCOA, (pp. 62\u201371). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73556-4_9"},{"key":"5102_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kara, \u0130., Kara, B.\u00a0Y., & Yeti\u015f, M.\u00a0K. (2008). Cumulative vehicle routing problems. In Vehicle routing problem, (pp. 85\u201398). IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/5812"},{"issue":"1","key":"5102_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-013-9180-9","volume":"26","author":"HW Kopfer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kopfer, H. W., Sch\u00f6nberger, J., & Kopfer, H. (2014). Reducing greenhouse gas emissions of a heterogeneous vehicle fleet. Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, 26(1), 221\u2013248.","journal-title":"Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"5102_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.12.009","volume":"243","author":"R Kramer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kramer, R., Subramanian, A., Vidal, T., dos Anjos, L., & Cabral, F. (2015). A matheuristic approach for the pollution-routing problem. European Journal of Operational Research, 243(2), 523\u2013539.","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"5102_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lalla-Ruiz, E., and Vo\u00df, S. (2020). A POPMUSIC approach for the multi-depot cumulative capacitated vehicle routing problem. Optimization Letters, (pp. 1\u201321).","DOI":"10.1007\/s11590-018-1376-1"},{"key":"5102_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.03.185","volume":"227","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, Y., Soleimani, H., & Zohal, M. (2019). An improved ant colony optimization algorithm for the multi-depot green vehicle routing problem with multiple objectives. Journal of Cleaner Production, 227, 1161\u20131172.","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"3","key":"5102_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2019.01.067","volume":"276","author":"G Macrina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Macrina, G., Laporte, G., Guerriero, F., & Di Puglia Pugliese, L. (2019). An energy-efficient green-vehicle routing problem with mixed vehicle fleet, partial battery recharging and time windows. European Journal of Operational Research, 276(3), 971\u2013982.","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"5102_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.2014.92","volume":"66","author":"I Mart\u00ednez-Salazar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Salazar, I., Angel-Bello, F., & Alvarez, A. (2015). A customer-centric routing problem with multiple trips of a single vehicle. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 66(8), 1312\u20131323.","journal-title":"Journal of the Operational Research Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"5102_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2011.10.001","volume":"62","author":"BF Moghaddam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moghaddam, B. F., Ruiz, R., & Sadjadi, S. J. (2012). Vehicle routing problem with uncertain demands: An advanced particle swarm algorithm. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 62(1), 306\u2013317.","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"5102_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123691","volume":"279","author":"R Moghdani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moghdani, R., Salimifard, K., Demir, E., & Benyettou, A. (2021). The green vehicle routing problem: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123691.","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"5102_CR35","unstructured":"Palmer, A. (2007). The development of an integrated routing and carbon dioxide emissions model for goods vehicles (Ph.D. thesis). School of Management, UK."},{"key":"5102_CR36","unstructured":"Piecyk, M., McKinnon, A., & Allen, J. (2015). Evaluating and internalizing the environmental costs of logistics. Kogan Page"},{"issue":"1","key":"5102_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2011.07.001","volume":"48","author":"M Qi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Qi, M., Lin, W.-H., Li, N., & Miao, L. (2012). A spatiotemporal partitioning approach for large-scale vehicle routing problems with time windows. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 48(1), 248\u2013257.","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"key":"5102_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2021.105475","volume":"136","author":"E Queiroga","year":"2021","unstructured":"Queiroga, E., Sadykov, R., & Uchoa, E. (2021). A POPMUSIC matheuristic for the capacitated vehicle routing problem. Computers & Operations Research, 136, 105475.","journal-title":"Computers & Operations Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"5102_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2007.10.030","volume":"193","author":"B Sahin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sahin, B., Yilmaz, H., Ust, Y., Guneri, A. F., & Gulsun, B. (2009). An approach for analysing transportation costs and a case study. European Journal of Operational Research, 193(1), 1\u201311.","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"5102_CR40","unstructured":"Santini, A., Schneider, M., Vidal, T., & Vigo. D. (2021).Decomposition strategies for vehicle routing heuristics, Available at: http:\/\/www.optimization-online.org\/DB_FILE\/2021\/03\/8316.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"5102_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-009-0651-z","volume":"175","author":"A Sbihi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sbihi, A., & Eglese, R. W. (2010). Combinatorial optimization and green logistics. Annals of Operations Research, 175(1), 159\u2013175.","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"key":"5102_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2017.03.008","volume":"105","author":"F Schulte","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schulte, F., Lalla-Ruiz, E., Gonz\u00e1lez-Ram\u00edrez, R. G., & Vo\u00df, S. (2017). Reducing port-related empty truck emissions: A mathematical approach for truck appointments with collaboration. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 105, 195\u2013212.","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review"},{"key":"5102_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, R.\u00a0R., & Gaur. D.\u00a0R., (2017). Cumulative VRP: A simplified model of green vehicle routing. Sustainable logistics and transportation: Optimization models and algorithms, (pp. 39\u201355). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69215-9_3"},{"issue":"2","key":"5102_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.35.2.254","volume":"35","author":"MM Solomon","year":"1987","unstructured":"Solomon, M. M. (1987). Algorithms for the vehicle routing and scheduling problems with time window constraints. Operations Research, 35(2), 254\u2013265.","journal-title":"Operations Research"},{"key":"5102_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106561","volume":"95","author":"M-X Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song, M.-X., Li, J.-Q., Han, Y.-Q., Han, Y.-Y., Liu, L.-L., & Sun, Q. (2020). Metaheuristics for solving the vehicle routing problem with the time windows and energy consumption in cold chain logistics. Applied Soft Computing, 95, 106561.","journal-title":"Applied Soft Computing"},{"issue":"5","key":"5102_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2008.09.016","volume":"160","author":"J Tang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tang, J., Pan, Z., Fung, R. Y., & Lau, H. (2009). Vehicle routing problem with fuzzy time windows. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 160(5), 683\u2013695.","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets and Systems"},{"issue":"18","key":"5102_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.06.068","volume":"40","author":"J Tang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tang, J., Ma, Y., Guan, J., & Yan, C. (2013). A Max-Min ant system for the split delivery weighted vehicle routing problem. Expert Systems with Applications, 40(18), 7468\u20137477.","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"1","key":"5102_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-020-03625-5","volume":"308","author":"A Tarhini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tarhini, A., Danach, K., & Harfouche, A. (2022). Swarm intelligence-based hyper-heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with prioritized customers. Annals of Operations Research, 308(1), 549\u2013570.","journal-title":"Annals of Operations Research"},{"key":"5102_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Benthem, T., Bergman, M., & Mes, M. (2020). Solving a bi-objective rich vehicle routing problem with customer prioritization. In International Conference on Computational Logistics, (pp. 183\u2013199). Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59747-4_12"},{"key":"5102_CR50","unstructured":"Veidenheimer. K. (2014). Carbon dioxide emission in maritime container transport and comparison of European deepwater ports: CO$$_2$$calculation approach, analysis and CO$$_2$$reduction measures. Anchor Academic Publishing."},{"issue":"2","key":"5102_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.07.078","volume":"41","author":"Y Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Ma, X., Lao, Y., & Wang, Y. (2014). A fuzzy-based customer clustering approach with hierarchical structure for logistics network optimization. Expert Systems with Applications, 41(2), 521\u2013534.","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"4","key":"5102_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8725","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-018-1957-x","volume":"22","author":"Y Xia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xia, Y., & Fu, Z. (2019). Improved tabu search algorithm for the open vehicle routing problem with soft time windows and satisfaction rate. Cluster Computing, 22(4), 8725\u20138733.","journal-title":"Cluster Computing"},{"key":"5102_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.106011","volume":"137","author":"Z Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, Z., Elomri, A., Pokharel, S., & Mutlu, F. (2019). A model for capacitated green vehicle routing problem with the time-varying vehicle speed and soft time windows. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 137, 106011.","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"8","key":"5102_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3500","DOI":"10.3390\/su12083500","volume":"12","author":"W Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Gajpal, Y., Appadoo, S. S., & Wei, Q. (2020). Multi-depot green vehicle routing problem to minimize carbon emissions. Sustainability, 12(8), 3500.","journal-title":"Sustainability"}],"container-title":["Annals of Operations Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10479-022-05102-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10479-022-05102-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10479-022-05102-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T17:40:14Z","timestamp":1757094014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10479-022-05102-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10479-022-05102-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0254-5330","1572-9338"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0254-5330"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1572-9338"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 January 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}