{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T11:04:44Z","timestamp":1779793484036,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72071152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72071152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72301082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72301082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shaanxi National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists","award":["2023-JC-JQ-11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-JC-JQ-11"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Key Research and Development Program","award":["202206010101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202206010101"]}]},{"name":"Xidian University Specially Funded Project for Interdisciplinary Exploration","award":["TZJHS202505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TZJHS202505"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2022A1515110703"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515110703"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Research Project","award":["YN2022QN33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YN2022QN33"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl Intell"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-026-07258-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:44:48Z","timestamp":1778150688000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community partitioning and node belonging prediction method based on neighborhood attribute reduction and fuzzy rough set with application in clinical decision making"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Haoran","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangtang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5105-8291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bingzhen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xixuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxiong","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"7258_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1080\/09540091.2020.1753172","volume":"33","author":"JJ Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu JJ, Wang ZQ, Chen J, Dai YH (2021) A community partitioning algorithm based on network enhancement. Connect Sci 33:42\u201361","journal-title":"Connect Sci"},{"key":"7258_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blondel VD, Guillaume JL,\u00a0Lambiotte R,\u00a0Lefebvre E (2008) Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. Comput Sci 10008","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2008\/10\/P10008"},{"key":"7258_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girvan M, Newman MEJ (2002) Community structure in social and biological networks. Proceed Nat Acad Sci United States of America 7821\u20137826","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122653799"},{"issue":"2","key":"7258_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1137\/S003614450342480","volume":"45","author":"MEJ Newman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Newman MEJ (2003) The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM Rev 45(2):167\u2013256","journal-title":"SIAM Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"7258_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1140\/epjb\/e2004-00130-1","volume":"38","author":"A Arenas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Arenas A, Danon L, D\u00edaz-Guilera A, Gleiser PM, Guimer\u00e1 R (2004) Community analysis in social networks. European Phys J B 38(2):373\u2013380","journal-title":"European Phys J B"},{"key":"7258_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pons P,\u00a0Latapy M (2006) Computing communities in large networks using random walks. J Graph Algo Appl 191\u2013218","DOI":"10.7155\/jgaa.00124"},{"key":"7258_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raghavan UN,\u00a0Albert R,\u00a0Kumara S (2007) Near linear time algorithm to detect community structures in large-scale networks. Phys Rev E 036106","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.76.036106"},{"key":"7258_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meng FR, Rui XB,\u00a0Wang Z,\u00a0Xing Y, Cao LB (2018) Coupled node similarity learning for community detection in attributed networks. Entropy 471","DOI":"10.3390\/e20060471"},{"issue":"1","key":"7258_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012807","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.88.012807","volume":"88","author":"BF Chai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chai BF, Yu J, Jia CY, Yang TB, Jiang YW (2013) Combining a popularity-productivity stochastic block model with a discriminative-content model for general structure detection. Phys Rev E Stat Nonl Soft Matter Phys 88(1):012807","journal-title":"Phys Rev E Stat Nonl Soft Matter Phys"},{"key":"7258_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu ZQ, Ke YP,\u00a0Wang Y,\u00a0Cheng H,\u00a0James C (2014) Gbagc: A general bayesian framework for attributed graph clustering(article). ACM Trans Knowl Discov Data (5):1\u201343","DOI":"10.1145\/2629616"},{"key":"7258_CR11","first-page":"499","volume":"52","author":"Y Xin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xin Y, Yang J, Xie ZQ (2015) A semantic overlapping community detecting algorithm in social networks based on random walk. Jisuanji Yanjiu yu Fazhan\/Comput Res Develop 52:499\u2013511","journal-title":"Jisuanji Yanjiu yu Fazhan\/Comput Res Develop"},{"key":"7258_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.117822","volume":"206","author":"S Sahu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sahu S, Rani TS (2022) A neighbour-similarity based community discovery algorithm. Expert Syst Appl 206:117822","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"7258_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang JH, Li HK, Liang LN,\u00a0Zhou Y (2022) Community discovery algorithm of complex network attention model. Intern J Mach Learn Cybern 1619\u20131631","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-021-01471-w"},{"key":"7258_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu LZ, Shu XM,\u00a0Cai B (2022) Social network community-discovery algorithm based on a balance factor. Discrete Dyn Nat Soc 1\u201311","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7518422"},{"key":"7258_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinhaeuser K, Chawla NV (2008) Community detection in a large real-world social network. Soc Comput Behav Model Predict 168\u2013175","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77672-9_19"},{"key":"7258_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen ZG,\u00a0Xiao Q,\u00a0Leng T (2024) Multi-constraint non-negative matrix factorization for community detection: orthogonal regular sparse constraint non-negative matrix factorization. Compl Intell Syst","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-024-01404-4"},{"key":"7258_CR17","first-page":"512","volume":"46","author":"FG He","year":"2010","unstructured":"He FG, Zhang YP, Zhang L (2010) A community partition method for network based on granularity. J Nanjing Univ (Nat Sci ) 46:512\u2013519","journal-title":"J Nanjing Univ (Nat Sci )"},{"issue":"2","key":"7258_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.3923\/jse.2015.242.253","volume":"9","author":"JY Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun JY (2015) An improved k-means clustering algorithm for the community discovery. J Softw Eng 9(2):242\u2013253","journal-title":"J Softw Eng"},{"key":"7258_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01001956","volume":"11","author":"Z Pawlak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pawlak Z (1982) Rough sets. Intern J Comput Inf Sci 11:341\u2013356","journal-title":"Intern J Comput Inf Sci"},{"key":"7258_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu QH, Yu DR, Liu JF, Wu CX (2008) Neighborhood rough set based heterogeneous feature subset selection(article). Inf Sci 3577\u20133594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.05.024"},{"key":"7258_CR21","unstructured":"Fu A, Wang GY,\u00a0Hu J (2008) Information entropy based attribute reduction algorithm in incomplete information systems. J Chongqing Univ Posts Telecommun (Natural Science Edition) 586\u2013592"},{"key":"7258_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubois D,\u00a0Prade H (1990) Rough fuzzy sets and fuzzy rough sets. Intern J General Syst 191\u2013209","DOI":"10.1080\/03081079008935107"},{"key":"7258_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubois D,\u00a0Prade H (1992) Putting rough sets and fuzzy sets together. Intell Decis Support 203\u2013232","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-7975-9_14"},{"key":"7258_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.108127","volume":"114","author":"JC Bai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bai JC, Sun BZ, Chu XL, Wang T, Li HT, Huang QC (2021) Neighborhood rough set-based multi-attribute prediction approach and its application of gout patients. Appl Soft Comput 114:108127","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"7258_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-022-07454-5","volume":"27","author":"L Zou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zou L, Ren SY, Sun YB, Yang XH (2023) Attribute reduction algorithm of neighborhood rough set based on supervised granulation and its application. Soft Comput 27(3):1565\u20131582","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"7258_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang T, Sun BZ,\u00a0Jiang C (2023) Kernelized multi-granulation fuzzy rough set over hybrid attribute decision system and application to stroke risk prediction. Appl Intell.: Intern J Artif Intell Neural Netw Complex Probl-Solv Technol (21):53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-023-04850-8"},{"issue":"7","key":"7258_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5728","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-024-05468-0","volume":"54","author":"JC Bai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bai JC, Sun BZ, Ye J, Xie DH, Guo YQ (2024) A local multi-granularity fuzzy rough set method for multi-attribute decision making based on mosso-lstm and its application in stock market. Appl Intell 54(7):5728\u20135747","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"key":"7258_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.11.060","volume":"621","author":"TY Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin TY, Chen HM, Yuan Z, Li TR, Liu K (2023) Noise-resistant multilabel fuzzy neighborhood rough sets for feature subset selection. Inf Sci 621:200\u2013226","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"7258_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2006.889960","volume":"16","author":"ECC Tsang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tsang ECC, Chen D, Yeung DS, Wang XZ, Lee J (2008) Attributes reduction using fuzzy rough sets. IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst 16(5):1130\u20131141","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"7258_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watts DJ, Strogatz SH (1998) Collective dynamics of \u201csmall-world\u201d networks. Nature 393(6684):440\u2013442","DOI":"10.1038\/30918"},{"key":"7258_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou X, Liu YH,\u00a0Wang J,\u00a0Li C (2017) A density based link clustering algorithm for overlapping community detection in networks. Physica A: Stat Mechan Appl 65\u201378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2017.05.032"},{"key":"7258_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watts DJ, Strogatz SH (1998) Collective dynamics of \u2018small-world\u2019 networks. Nature 440\u2013442","DOI":"10.1038\/30918"},{"key":"7258_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeng AP, Li TR,\u00a0Liu D (2015) A fuzzy rough set approach for incremental feature selection on hybrid information systems. Fuzzy Sets Syst 39\u201360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2014.08.014"},{"key":"7258_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu WZ,\u00a0Leung Y (2011) Theory and applications of granular labelled partitions in multi-scale decision tables. Inf Sci 3878\u20133897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.04.047"},{"key":"7258_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x","volume":"27","author":"CE Shannon","year":"1948","unstructured":"Shannon CE (1948) A mathematical theory of communications. Bell Syst Techn J 27:379\u2013423","journal-title":"Bell Syst Techn J"},{"key":"7258_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Girvan M, Newman MEJ (2004) Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys Rev E 026113","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.69.026113"},{"issue":"1","key":"7258_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.akcej.2015.06.001","volume":"12","author":"B Ek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ek B, VerSchneider C, Narayan DA (2015) Global efficiency of graphs. AKCE Int J Graphs Comb 12(1):1\u201313","journal-title":"AKCE Int J Graphs Comb"},{"key":"7258_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brin S,\u00a0Page L (2012) Reprint of: The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual web search engine. Comput Netw 3825\u20133833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2012.10.007"},{"key":"7258_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2019.07.013","volume":"55","author":"BZ Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun BZ, Zhou XM, Lin NN (2020) Diversified binary relation-based fuzzy multigranulation rough set over two universes and application to multiple attribute group decision making. Inf Fus 55:91\u2013104","journal-title":"Inf Fus"},{"key":"7258_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang YB, Ma XQ, Qin HW (2023) Hesitant fermatean fuzzy bonferroni mean operators for multi-attribute decision-making. Compl Intell Syst 1425\u20131457","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-023-01203-3"},{"key":"7258_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2019.05.080","volume":"507","author":"BZ Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun BZ, Chen XT, Zhang LY, Ma WM (2020) Three-way decision making approach to conflict analysis and resolution using probabilistic rough set over two universes. Inf Sci 507:809\u2013822","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"7258_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan MSA, Jan SU,\u00a0Jan R,\u00a0Senapati T,\u00a0Moslem S (2023) Complex interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision support system with application to covid-19 healthcare facilities. Compl Intell Syst 7103\u20137132","DOI":"10.1007\/s40747-023-01090-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"7258_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-021-10048-6","volume":"55","author":"BZ Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun BZ, Tong SR, Ma WM, Wang T, Jiang C (2022) An approach to mcgdm based on multi-granulation pythagorean fuzzy rough set over two universes and its application to medical decision problem. Artif Intell Rev 55(3):1887\u20131913","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"7258_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2022.10.037","volume":"615","author":"J Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye J, Sun BZ, Zhan JM, Chu XL (2022) Variable precision multi-granulation composite rough sets with multi-decision and their applications to medical diagnosis. Inf Sci 615:293\u2013322","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"7258_CR45","first-page":"876","volume":"839\u2013841","author":"C Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang C, Zhang LX, Zhao MH (2023) Interpretation of guidelines for early evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease in china. Chinese J Pract Intern Med 839\u2013841:876","journal-title":"Chinese J Pract Intern Med"},{"key":"7258_CR46","unstructured":"Kockalacay S (2020) Diabetes dataset. https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/sefakockalay\/diabetes. Accessed 7 Jan 2021"},{"key":"7258_CR47","unstructured":"Lapp D (2019) Heart disease dataset. https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/johnsmith88\/heart-disease-dataset. Accessed 4 Oct 2020"},{"issue":"23","key":"7258_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8577","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601602103","volume":"103","author":"MEJ Newman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Newman MEJ (2006) Modularity and community structure in networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103(23):8577\u20138582","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"7258_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02751-8","volume":"7","author":"C Jia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jia C, Li Y, Carson MB, Wang X, Yu J (2017) Node attribute-enhanced community detection in complex networks. Sci Rep 7:2626","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"7258_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-46556-4","volume":"13","author":"K Qi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qi K, Zhang H, Zhou Y (2024) A community partitioning algorithm for cyberspace. Sci Rep 13(1):19021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Applied Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10489-026-07258-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10489-026-07258-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10489-026-07258-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T10:43:44Z","timestamp":1779792224000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10489-026-07258-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["7258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10489-026-07258-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-669X","1573-7497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-669X","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration of Interest Statement"}}],"article-number":"246"}}