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Simple factor- and dimension-based syntactic criteria are identified for checking whether a decision in a new case is forced, in terms of the relevant differences between a precedent and a new case, and the difference between absence of factors and negated factors in factor-based models is investigated. Then Horty\u2019s and Rigoni\u2019s recent dimension-based models of precedential constraint are critically examined. An alternative to their reason models is proposed which is less expressive but arguably easier to apply in practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10506-021-09284-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T02:03:15Z","timestamp":1614045795000},"page":"559-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A formal analysis of some factor- and precedent-based accounts of precedential constraint"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3431-7757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry","family":"Prakken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"9284_CR1","unstructured":"Aleven V (1997) Teaching case-based argumentation through a model and examples. 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