{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T15:17:41Z","timestamp":1783437461237,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Language Res Eval"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10579-005-7880-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,28]],"date-time":"2006-02-28T14:03:29Z","timestamp":1141135409000},"page":"165-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":772,"title":["Annotating Expressions of Opinions and Emotions in Language"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Janyce","family":"Wiebe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Cardie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"7880_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02259727","volume":"16","author":"C. Anderson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Computers and the Humanities"},{"key":"7880_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00305490","volume":"15","author":"N. Asher","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Philosophical Logic"},{"key":"7880_CR3","volume-title":"Unspeakable Sentences","author":"A. Banfield","year":"1982"},{"key":"7880_CR4","unstructured":"Bergler S. (1992) Evidential Analysis of Reported Speech. Ph.D. thesis, Brandeis University."},{"issue":"1","key":"7880_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1515\/text.1.1989.9.1.93","volume":"9","author":"D. Biber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Text"},{"key":"7880_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Breck E., Cardie C. (2004) Playing the Telephone Game: Determining the Hierarchical Structure of Perspective and Speech Expressions. In Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING 2004). Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 120\u2013126.","DOI":"10.3115\/1220355.1220373"},{"issue":"2","key":"7880_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1017\/S1351324999002181","volume":"5","author":"R. Bruce","year":"1999","journal-title":"Natural Language Engineering"},{"key":"7880_CR8","unstructured":"Cardie C., Wiebe J., Wilson T., Litman D. (2003) Combining Low-Level and Summary Representations of Opinions for Multi-Perspective Question Answering. In Working Notes \u2013 New Directions in Question Answering (AAAI Spring Symposium Series)."},{"key":"7880_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4975.1977.tb00037.x","volume":"2","author":"H.-N. Casta\u00f1eda","year":"1977","journal-title":"Midwest Studies in Philosophy"},{"key":"7880_CR10","volume-title":"Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film","author":"S. Chatman","year":"1978"},{"key":"7880_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691213125","volume-title":"Transparent Minds: Narrative Modes for Representing Consciousness in Fiction","author":"D. Cohn","year":"1978"},{"key":"7880_CR12","unstructured":"Cunningham H., Maynard D., Bontcheva K., Tablan V. (2002) GATE: A Framework and Graphical Development Environment for Robust NLP Tools and Applications. In Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (A CL-02). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 168\u2013175."},{"key":"7880_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dave K., Lawrence S., Pennock D.M. (2003) Mining the Peanut Gallery: Opinion Extraction and Semantic Classification of Product Reviews. In Proceedings of the 12th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2003). Budapest, Hungary. Available at http:\/\/www2003.org.","DOI":"10.1145\/775224.775226"},{"key":"7880_CR14","volume-title":"A Structural Theory of Emotions","author":"J. Rivera de","year":"1977"},{"key":"7880_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3138\/9781442653849","volume-title":"Narrative Modes in Czech Literature","author":"L. Dole\u017eel","year":"1973"},{"key":"7880_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2307\/2183143","volume":"60","author":"K. Donnellan","year":"1966","journal-title":"Philosophical Review"},{"key":"7880_CR17","volume-title":"Mental Spaces: Aspects of Meaning Construction in Natural Language","author":"G. Fauconnier","year":"1985"},{"key":"7880_CR18","unstructured":"Fodor J.D. (1979) The Linguistic Description of Opaque Contexts, Outstanding dissertations in linguistics 13. Garland, New York & London."},{"key":"7880_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordon A., Kazemzadeh A., Nair A., Petrova M. (2003) Recognizing Expressions of Commonsense Psychology in English Text. In Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (A CL-03). Sapporo, Japan, pp. 208\u2013215.","DOI":"10.3115\/1075096.1075123"},{"key":"7880_CR20","volume-title":"An Introduction to Functional Grammar","author":"M. Halliday","year":"1985\/1994"},{"key":"7880_CR21","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Political Communication Yearbook: 1984","author":"R.P. Hart","year":"1984"},{"key":"7880_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatzivassiloglou V., McKeown K. (1997) Predicting the Semantic Orientation of Adjectives. In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL-97). Madrid, Spain, pp. 174\u2013181.","DOI":"10.3115\/976909.979640"},{"key":"7880_CR23","unstructured":"Heise D. (2001) Project Magellan: Collecting Cross-Cultural Affective Meanings via The Internet. Electronic Journal of Sociology 5(3). Available at http:\/\/www.sociology.org."},{"key":"7880_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heise D.R. (1965) Semantic Differential Profiles for 1000 Most Frequent English Words. Psychological Monographs 79(601).","DOI":"10.1037\/h0093884"},{"issue":"2","key":"7880_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/02699938908408075","volume":"3","author":"P. Johnson-Laird","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"7880_CR26","unstructured":"Kaufer D. (2000) Flaming: A White Paper. http:\/\/www.eudora.com."},{"key":"7880_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410609748","volume-title":"The Power of Words; Unveiling the Speaker and Writer\u2019s Hidden Craft","author":"D. Kaufer","year":"2004"},{"key":"7880_CR28","volume-title":"Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology","author":"K. Krippendorf","year":"1980"},{"key":"7880_CR29","first-page":"377","volume-title":"A Festschrift for Morris Halle","author":"S.-Y. Kuroda","year":"1973"},{"key":"7880_CR30","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Pragmatics of Language and Literature","author":"S.-Y. Kuroda","year":"1976"},{"key":"7880_CR31","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Meaning, Form, and Use in Context: Linguistic Applications","author":"W. Labov","year":"1984"},{"key":"7880_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1075\/z.59","volume-title":"English Text: System and Structure","author":"J. Martin","year":"1992"},{"key":"7880_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198238546.003.0008","volume-title":"Evaluation in Text: Authorial Stance and the Construction of Discourse","author":"J. Martin","year":"2000"},{"key":"7880_CR34","unstructured":"Onega S., Landes J.A.G. (1996) Narratology: An Introduction. Longman."},{"key":"7880_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1103_4","volume":"11","author":"A. Ortony","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"7880_CR36","volume-title":"The Measurement of Meaning","author":"C.E. Osgood","year":"1957"},{"key":"7880_CR37","unstructured":"Pang B., Lee L., Vaithyanathan S. (2002) Thumbs up? Sentiment Classification Using Machine Learning Techniques. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-2002). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 79\u201386."},{"key":"7880_CR38","volume-title":"The Ways of Paradox and Other Essays, Revised and Enlarged Edition","author":"W.V. Quine","year":"1956\/1976"},{"key":"7880_CR39","volume-title":"A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language","author":"R. Quirk","year":"1985"},{"key":"7880_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1004_1","volume":"10","author":"W. Rapaport","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"7880_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riloff E., Wiebe J. (2003) Learning Extraction Patterns for Subjective Expressions. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-2003). Sapporo, Japan, pp. 105\u2013112.","DOI":"10.3115\/1119355.1119369"},{"key":"7880_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riloff E., Wiebe J., Wilson T. (2003) Learning Subjective Nouns Using Extraction Pattern Bootstrapping. In Proceedings of the 7th Conference on Natural Language Learning (CoNLL-2003). Edmonton, Canada, pp. 25\u201332.","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119180"},{"key":"7880_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1037\/h0077714","volume":"39","author":"J. Russell","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"7880_CR44","unstructured":"Spertus E. (1997) Smokey: Automatic Recognition of Hostile Messages. In Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence (IAAI-97). Providence, Rhode Island, pp. 1058\u20131065."},{"key":"7880_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1109\/91.940962","volume":"9","author":"P. Subasic","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems"},{"key":"7880_CR46","unstructured":"Tong R. (2001) An Operational System for Detecting and Tracking Opinions in Online Discussions. In Working Notes of the SIGIR Workshop on Operational Text Classification. New Orleans, Louisianna, pp. 1\u20136."},{"key":"7880_CR47","unstructured":"Turney P. (2002) Thumbs Up or Thumbs Down? Semantic Orientation Applied to Unsupervised Classification of Reviews. In Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL-02). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 417\u2013424."},{"issue":"4","key":"7880_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1145\/944012.944013","volume":"21","author":"P. Turney","year":"2003","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOTS)"},{"key":"7880_CR49","volume-title":"A Poetics of Composition","author":"B. Uspensky","year":"1973"},{"key":"7880_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.98.2.219","volume":"98","author":"D. Watson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"7880_CR51","unstructured":"White P. (2002) Appraisal: The Language of Attitudinal Evaluation and Intersubjective Stance. In Verschueren, Ostman, blommaert, Bulcaen (eds.), The Handbook of Pragmatics. Amsterdam\/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 1\u201327."},{"issue":"4","key":"7880_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.2307\/2216074","volume":"25","author":"J. Wiebe","year":"1991","journal-title":"No\u00fbs"},{"issue":"2","key":"7880_CR53","first-page":"233","volume":"20","author":"J. Wiebe","year":"1994","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"7880_CR54","unstructured":"Wiebe J. (2000) Learning Subjective Adjectives from Corpora. In Proceedings of the Seventeenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-2000). Austin, Texas, pp. 735\u2013740."},{"key":"7880_CR55","unstructured":"Wiebe J. (2002) Instructions for Annotating Opinions in Newspaper Articles. Department of Computer Science Technical Report TR-02-101, University of Pittsburgh."},{"key":"7880_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiebe J., Bruce R., Bell M., Martin M., Wilson T. (2001a) A Corpus Study of Evaluative and Speculative Language. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACL SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue (SlGdial-2001). Aalborg, Denmark, pp. 186\u2013195.","DOI":"10.3115\/1118078.1118104"},{"key":"7880_CR57","unstructured":"Wiebe J., Wilson T., Bell M. (2001b) Identifying Collocations for Recognizing Opinions. In Proceedings of the ACL-01 Workshop on Collocation: Computational Extraction, Analysis, and Exploitation. Toulouse, France, pp. 24\u201331."},{"issue":"3","key":"7880_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1162\/0891201041850885","volume":"30","author":"J. Wiebe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"7880_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0702_1","volume":"7","author":"Y. Wilks","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"7880_CR60","unstructured":"Wilson T., Wiebe J. (2003) Annotating Opinions in the World Press. In Proceedings of the 4th ACL SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue (SlGdial-03). Sapporo, Japan, pp. 13\u201322."},{"key":"7880_CR61","unstructured":"Wilson T., Wiebe J., Hwa R. (2004) Just How Mad Are You? Finding Strong and Weak Opinion Clauses. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI, 2004). San Jose, California, pp. 761\u2013766."},{"key":"7880_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yi J., Nasukawa T., Bunescu R., Niblack W. (2003) Sentiment Analyzer: Extracting Sentiments about a Given Topic using Natural Language Processing Techniques. In Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM-2003). Melbourne, Florida, pp. 427\u2013434.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2003.1250949"},{"key":"7880_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu H., Hatzivassiloglou V. (2003) Towards Answering Opinion Questions: Separating Facts from Opinions and Identifying the Polarity of Opinion Sentences. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-2003). Sapporo, Japan, pp. 129\u2013136.","DOI":"10.3115\/1119355.1119372"}],"container-title":["Language Resources and Evaluation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10579-005-7880-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10579-005-7880-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10579-005-7880-9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T04:05:40Z","timestamp":1706933140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10579-005-7880-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["7880"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10579-005-7880-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-020X","1572-8412"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-020X","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8412","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}}}