{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:22:38Z","timestamp":1764782558898,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010249","name":"Youth Science Foundation of Lanzhou Jiaotong University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024021","2024021","2024021","2024021","2024021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024021","2024021","2024021","2024021","2024021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010249","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cluster Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-025-05640-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T20:19:24Z","timestamp":1759177164000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research on optimization of urban rail transit train operation plans under skip-stop and overtaking mode"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Zhengkun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yunqi","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Changfeng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuxing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jinxiu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"5640_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1080\/23249935.2021.1886195","volume":"18","author":"F Meng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Meng, F., Yang, L., Shi, J., Jiang, Z., Gao, Z.: Collaborative passenger flow control for oversaturated metro lines: a stochastic optimization method. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science. 18(3), 619\u2013658 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23249935.2021.1886195","journal-title":"Transportmetrica A: Transport Science."},{"key":"5640_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107858","volume":"163","author":"S Bucak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bucak, S., Demirel, T.: Train timetabling for a double-track urban rail transit line under dynamic passenger demand. Comput. Ind. Eng. 163, 1\u201315 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107858","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"5640_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Han z., Han B., Li D., Ning S., Yang R., Yin Y.: Train timetabling in rail transit network under uncertain and dynamic demand using Advanced and Adaptive NSGA-II. 154:65\u201399(2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trb.2021.10.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2021.10.002"},{"issue":"9","key":"5640_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1080\/19427867.2023.2264046","volume":"16","author":"Y Zhan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhan, Y., Ye, M., Zhang, R., He, S., Ni, S.: Multi-objective optimization for through train service integrating train operation plan and type selection. Transportation Letters. 16(9), 1039\u20131058 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19427867.2023.2264046","journal-title":"Transportation Letters."},{"key":"5640_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tang, L., Xu X.: Optimization for operation scheme of express and local trains in suburban rail transit lines based on station classification and bi-level programming. Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management. 21, 100283(2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrtpm.2021.100283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrtpm.2021.100283"},{"key":"5640_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2024.132183","volume":"305","author":"L Zhong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhong, L., Xu, G., Liu, W.: Energy-efficient and demand-driven train timetable optimization with a flexible train composition mode. 305, 132183 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.energy.2024.132183","journal-title":"Energy-efficient and demand-driven train timetable optimization with a flexible train composition mode."},{"key":"5640_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2022.106091","volume":"151","author":"F Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, F., Xu, R., Song, X., Wang, P.: Collaborative optimization of last-train timetables for metro network to increase service time for passengers. Comput. Oper. Res. 151, 106091 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cor.2022.106091","journal-title":"Comput. Oper. Res."},{"key":"5640_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2013.08.016","volume":"36","author":"H Niu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Niu, H., Zhou, X.: Optimizing urban rail timetable under time-dependent demand and oversaturated conditions. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 36, 212\u2013230 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trc.2013.08.016","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies."},{"key":"5640_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109809","volume":"187","author":"Y Yin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yin, Y., Li, D., Han, Z., Zhang, S.: Demand-driven flexible-periodicity train timetabling model and algorithm for a rail transit network. Comput. Ind. Eng. 187, 109809 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109809","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"5640_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gan, Z., Yang, M., Feng, T.: Examining the relationship between built environment and metro ridership at station-to-station level. Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment. 82:102332 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trd.2020.102332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2020.102332"},{"key":"5640_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2589681","volume":"2022","author":"H Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, H., Zhao, Y., Ma, X.Z.W.: Short-Term passenger flow prediction of urban rail transit based on SDS-SSA-LSTM. J. Adv. Transp. 2022, 1\u201311 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/2589681","journal-title":"J. Adv. Transp."},{"key":"5640_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao, S., Wu J., Li Z.: Train operational plan optimization for urban rail transit lines considering circulation balance. Sustainability. 14 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su14095226","DOI":"10.3390\/su14095226"},{"key":"5640_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3026755","volume":"99","author":"X Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, X., Li, S., Tang, T.: Event-triggered predictive control for automatic train regulation and passenger flow in metro rail systems. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 99, 1\u201314 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TITS.2020.3026755","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"5640_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2023.106741","volume":"125","author":"W Lu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lu, W., Zhang, Y., Li, P., Wang, T.: Mul-DesLSTM: An integrative multi-time granularity deep learning prediction method for urban rail transit short-term passenger flow. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 125, 106741 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engappai.2023.106741","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"5640_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi J., Yang J., Yang L., Tao L., Qiang S., Zhen D., Guo J.: Safety-oriented train timetabling and stop planning with time-varying and elastic demand on overcrowded commuter metro lines. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. 175, 103136 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tre.2023.103136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2023.103136"},{"key":"5640_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alireza E., Yousef S., Shayan B.: Optimizing and synchronizing timetables in an urban subway network considering trains\u2019 speed profiles and skip-stop strategy. Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management. 34, 100520(2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jrtpm.2025.100520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrtpm.2025.100520"},{"key":"5640_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2021.04.014","volume":"149","author":"Y Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu, Y., Yang, H., Zhao, S., Shang, P.: Mitigating unfairness in urban rail transit operation: A mixed-integer linear programming approach. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 149, 418\u2013442 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trb.2021.04.014","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological."},{"key":"5640_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2015.03.004","volume":"76","author":"H Niu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Niu, H., Zhou, X., Gao, R.: Train scheduling for minimizing passenger waiting time with time-dependent demand and skip-stop patterns: Nonlinear integer programming models with linear constraints. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 76, 117\u2013135 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trb.2015.03.004","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological."},{"key":"5640_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125436","volume":"261","author":"L Hu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hu, L., Li, D., Ren, Z.: Collaborative train timetabling and passenger flow control in oversaturated metro lines considering state-dependence. Expert Syst. Appl. 261, 125436 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125436","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"6","key":"5640_CR20","first-page":"196","volume":"23","author":"P Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, P., Yang, L., Li, S., Gao, Z.: Collaborative optimization of train skip-stop and passenger flow control on subway line considering passenger evacuation at transfer stations. J. Transp. Syst. Eng. Inf. Technol. 23(6), 196\u2013205 (2023)","journal-title":"J. Transp. Syst. Eng. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"5640_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2021.06.001","volume":"150","author":"X Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu, X., Li, C., Zhou, X.: Train timetabling with stop-skipping, passenger flow, and platform choice considerations. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 150, 52\u201374 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trb.2021.06.001","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological."},{"issue":"1","key":"5640_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1049\/itr2.12125","volume":"16","author":"L Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng, L., Zhu, C., Wang, Q., Wang, W., Zhang, Z., Sun, W.: Skip-stop operation plan for urban rail transit considering bounded rationality of passengers. IET Intel. Transport Syst. 16(1), 24\u201340 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/itr2.12125","journal-title":"IET Intel. Transport Syst."},{"key":"5640_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2016.08.011","volume":"93","author":"Y Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao, Y., Kroon, L., Schmidt, M.: Rescheduling a metro line in an over-crowded situation after disruptions. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 93, 425\u2013449 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trb.2016.08.011","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological."},{"key":"5640_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5589185","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5589185","volume":"2021","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, R., Yin, S., Ye, M., Yang, Z., He, S.: A timetable optimization model for urban rail transit with express\/local mode. J. Adv. Transp. 2021, 5589185 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5589185","journal-title":"J. Adv. Transp."},{"key":"5640_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2021.105436","volume":"135","author":"L Tang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tang, L., D\u2019Ariano, A., Xu, X., Li, Y., Ding, X., Sam\u00e0, M.: Scheduling local and express trains in suburban rail transit lines: Mixed\u2013integer nonlinear programming and adaptive genetic algorithm. Comput. Oper. Res. 135, 105436 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cor.2021.105436","journal-title":"Comput. Oper. Res."},{"key":"5640_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2020.09.010","volume":"142","author":"X Tian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tian, X., Niu, H.: Optimization of demand-oriented train timetables under overtaking operations: A surrogate-dual-variable column generation for eliminating indivisibility. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological. 142, 143\u2013173 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trb.2020.09.010","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part B: Methodological."},{"key":"5640_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2015.11.003","volume":"64","author":"L Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang, L., Qi, J., Li, S.: Collaborative optimization for train scheduling and train stop planning on high-speed railways. Omega 64, 57\u201376 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omega.2015.11.003","journal-title":"Omega"},{"issue":"10","key":"5640_CR28","first-page":"2842","volume":"19","author":"M Ye","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ye, M., Zhang, R., Zhao, J., Yang, Z., Xing, Z.: Optimizing the urban rail train stopping scheme with constant interval stop-skip. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering. 19(10), 2842\u20132851 (2022)","journal-title":"Journal of Railway Science and Engineering."},{"issue":"1","key":"5640_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2021.103170","volume":"128","author":"S Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao, S., Yang, H., Wu, Y.: An integrated approach of train scheduling and rolling stock circulation with skip-stopping pattern for urban rail transit lines. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 128(1), 103170 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trc.2021.103170","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies."},{"issue":"6","key":"5640_CR30","first-page":"207","volume":"43","author":"Z Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, Z., Bai, Y., Chen, Y., Ming, X., Cao, Y.: Optimization model of unpaired timetable for metro trains under asymmetric passenger flow. China Railway Science. 43(6), 207\u2013218 (2022)","journal-title":"China Railway Science."},{"key":"5640_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2022.102631","volume":"110","author":"Z Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, Z., Li, S., Yang, L.: Real-time optimization for train regulation and stop-skipping adjustment strategy of urban rail transit lines. Omega 110, 102631 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omega.2022.102631","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"5640_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9604362","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9604362","volume":"2022","author":"H Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Ni, S.: Train scheduling optimization for an urban rail transit line: a simulated-annealing algorithm using a large neighborhood search metaheuristic. J. Adv. Transp. 2022, 9604362 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/9604362","journal-title":"J. Adv. Transp."},{"issue":"5","key":"5640_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8091","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-10139-6","volume":"80","author":"V Chahar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chahar, V., Katoch, S., Chauhan, S.S.: A Review on Genetic Algorithm: Past, Present, and Future. Multimedia Tools and Applications 80(5), 8091\u20138126 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-020-10139-6","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools and Applications"},{"key":"5640_CR34","unstructured":"Zhang, Z.: Optimization research on urban rail train operation plan under different operating modes. Lanzhou Jiaotong University, (2022)"},{"key":"5640_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao, J., Yang, G., Te, J, Yang, Z., Ye, M., Qian, Z.: Optimization model of operation plan of urban single-line rail transit using stop-skip strategy. CICTP. 222\u20132235(2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1061\/9780784483053.187","DOI":"10.1061\/9780784483053.187"},{"key":"5640_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Zhu, C., Wang, Q.: Discrete robustness optimization on emergency transportation network based on prospect theory. Journal of Advanced Transportation. 1\u201318 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/2728073","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2728073"}],"container-title":["Cluster Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05640-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05640-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05640-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T10:05:25Z","timestamp":1764237925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05640-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["5640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10586-025-05640-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-7857","1573-7543"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1386-7857"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7543"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 September 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests as defined by Springer, or other interests that might be perceived to influence the results and\/or discussion reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The author followed the requirements of the Committee on Publishing Ethics (COPE) and did not engage in any unethical behavior as defined by Springer.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"915"}}