{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T20:02:26Z","timestamp":1759694546014,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]],"date-time":"2017-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]],"date-time":"2017-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000185","name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HR0011-15-C-0113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HR0011-15-C-0113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000185","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Machine Translation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10590-017-9208-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]],"date-time":"2017-12-20T16:56:01Z","timestamp":1513788961000},"page":"31-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Combining rule-based and statistical mechanisms for low-resource named entity recognition"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2122-9678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Gabbard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"DeYoung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6410-2848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantine","family":"Lignos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjorie","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Weischedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"9208_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonadiman D, Severyn A, Moschitti A (2015) Deep neural networks for named entity recognition in Italian. CLiC it 51\u201355","DOI":"10.4000\/books.aaccademia.1317"},{"key":"9208_CR2","unstructured":"Collins M, Singer Y (1999) Unsupervised models for named entity classification. In: Proceedings of the joint SIGDAT conference on empirical methods in natural language processing and very large corpora, pp 100\u2013110"},{"key":"9208_CR3","first-page":"2121","volume":"12","author":"JC Duchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Duchi JC, Hazan E, Singer Y (2011) Adaptive subgradient methods for online learning and stochastic optimization. J Mach Learn Res 12:2121\u20132159","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"9208_CR4","unstructured":"Lafferty JD, McCallum A, Pereira FCN (2001) Conditional random fields: probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. In: Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference on machine learning, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, ICML \u201901, pp 282\u2013289"},{"key":"9208_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lample G, Ballesteros M, Subramanian S, Kawakami K, Dyer C (2016) Neural architectures for named entity recognition. CoRR abs\/1603.01360, \n                    http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1603.01360","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1030"},{"key":"9208_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li W, McCallum A (2003) Rapid development of hindi named entity recognition using conditional random fields and feature induction. In: ACM transactions on Asian language information processing, pp 290\u2013294","DOI":"10.1145\/979872.979879"},{"key":"9208_CR7","unstructured":"Linguistic Data Consortium (2016) LORELEI IL3 incident language pack for year 1 Eval. LDC2016E57"},{"key":"9208_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nadeau D, Turney PD, Matwin S (2006) Unsupervised named-entity recognition: generating gazetteers and resolving ambiguity. In: Proceedings of the 19th international conference on advances in artificial intelligence: Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, AI\u201906, pp 266\u2013277","DOI":"10.1007\/11766247_23"},{"key":"9208_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-2390-9_10","volume-title":"Natural language processing using very large corpora","author":"LA Ramshaw","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ramshaw LA, Marcus MP (1999) Text chunking using transformation-based learning. In: Armstrong S, Church K, Isabelle P, Manzi S, Tzoukermann E, Yarowsky D (eds) Natural language processing using very large corpora. Springer, The Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 157\u2013176"},{"key":"9208_CR10","unstructured":"Riaz K (2010) Rule-based named entity recognition in urdu. In: Proceedings of the 2010 named entities workshop, Association for computational linguistics, Stroudsburg, PA, NEWS \u201910, pp 126\u2013135"},{"key":"9208_CR11","unstructured":"Settles B (2010) Active learning literature survey. In: Computer sciences technical report, University of Wisconsin-Madison"},{"key":"9208_CR12","unstructured":"Sun H, Grishman R, Wang Y (2016) Domain adaptation with active learning for named entity recognition. In: Sun X, Liu A, Chao HC, Bertino E (eds) Cloud computing and security: second international conference. Revised Selected Papers, Part II, Springer International Publishing, Cham, ICCCS 2016, Nanjing, China, 29\u201331 July 2016, pp 611\u2013622"},{"key":"9208_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sundheim BM (1995) Overview of results of the MUC-6 evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 6th conference on message understanding, Association for Computational Linguistics, Stroudsburg, PA, MUC-6 \u201995, pp 13\u201331","DOI":"10.3115\/1072399.1072402"},{"key":"9208_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tjong Kim\u00a0Sang EF, De\u00a0Meulder F (2003) Introduction to the CoNLL-2003 shared task: language-independent named entity recognition. In: Proceedings of the seventh conference on natural language learning at HLT-NAACL 2003 - Vol4, Association for Computational Linguistics, Stroudsburg, PA, CoNLL \u201903, pp 142\u2013147","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119195"},{"key":"9208_CR15","unstructured":"Wick M (2016) Geonames ontology. \n                    http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/about.html"},{"key":"9208_CR16","unstructured":"Xu H, Marcus M, Ungar L, Yang C (2017) Unsupervised morphology learning with statistical paradigms, unpublished manuscript"},{"key":"9208_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang B, Pan X, Wang T, Vaswani A, Ji H, Knight K, Marcu D (2016) Name tagging for low-resource incident languages based on expectation-driven learning. In: Proceedings of ACL 2016","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1029"}],"container-title":["Machine Translation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10590-017-9208-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10590-017-9208-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10590-017-9208-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]],"date-time":"2020-05-13T23:35:28Z","timestamp":1589412928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10590-017-9208-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["9208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10590-017-9208-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0922-6567","1573-0573"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0922-6567"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-0573"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 May 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}