{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T09:05:21Z","timestamp":1758272721800,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Discrete Event Dyn Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10626-019-00279-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T09:16:13Z","timestamp":1554974173000},"page":"91-125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Toward a decision support system for the clinical pathways assessment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0056-2225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Mahulea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Albareda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"279_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016449031753","volume":"26","author":"V Aggarwal","year":"2002","unstructured":"Aggarwal V (2002) The application of the unified modeling language in Object-Oriented analysis of healthcare information systems. J Med Syst 26(5):383\u2013397","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"279_CR2","first-page":"305","volume":"136","author":"A Aristovnik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aristovnik A (2012) Measuring relative efficiency in health and education sector: The case of East European countries. Actual Probl Econ 136:305\u2013314","journal-title":"Actual Probl Econ"},{"issue":"5","key":"279_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2000.0070488","volume":"7","author":"RN Ashiffman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ashiffman RN, Karras BT, Agrawal A, Chen R, Marenco L, Nath S (2000) GEM: a proposal for a more comprehensive guideline document model using XML. J Amer Med Inf Assoc 7 (5):488\u2013498","journal-title":"J Amer Med Inf Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"279_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2013.2239640","volume":"44","author":"V Augusto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Augusto V, Xie X (2014) A modeling and simulation framework for health care systems. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst 44(1):30\u201346","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"279_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s100090100065","volume":"3","author":"S Bernardi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bernardi S, Donatelli S, Horva\u0307th A (2001) Implementing compositionality for stochastic Petri nets. STTT 3(4):417\u2013430","journal-title":"STTT"},{"issue":"2","key":"279_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2009.2017201","volume":"5","author":"S Bernardi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bernardi S, Campos J (2009) Computation of Performance Bounds for Real-Time systems using Time Petri Nets. IEEE Trans Ind Inf 5(2):168\u2013180","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ind Inf"},{"issue":"5","key":"279_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2012.2226442","volume":"43","author":"S Bernardi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bernardi S, Campos J (2013) A min-max problem for the computation of the cycle time lower bound in interval-based Time Petri Nets. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst 43(5):1167\u20131181. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMCA.2012.2226442","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst"},{"key":"279_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosilj-Vuksic V, Giaglis G, Hlupic V (2001) IDEF diagrams and petri nets for business process modeling: suitability, Efficacy, and Complementary Use. In: Sharp B, Filipe J, Cordeiro J (eds) Enterprise information systems II. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 143\u2013148","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-1427-3_21"},{"issue":"3","key":"279_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2004.04.002","volume":"37","author":"AA Boxwala","year":"2004","unstructured":"Boxwala AA, Peleg M, Tu S, Ogunyemi O, Zeng QT, Wang D, Patel VL, Greenes RA, Shortliffe EH (2004) Glif3: a representation format for sharable computer-interpretable clinical practice guidelines. J Biomed Inf 37(3):147\u2013161","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"issue":"3","key":"279_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1057\/jos.2009.10","volume":"3","author":"SC Brailsford","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brailsford SC, Harper PR, Patel B, Pitt M (2009) An analysis of the academic literature on simulation and modelling in health care. J Simul 3(3):130\u2013140","journal-title":"J Simul"},{"issue":"8","key":"279_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2011.01.103","volume":"38","author":"G B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00f6zkan","year":"2011","unstructured":"B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00f6zkan G, \u00c7if\u00e7i G, G\u00fclery\u00fcz S (2011) Strategic analysis of healthcare service quality using fuzzy {AHP} methodology. Expert Syst Appl 38(8):9407\u20139424","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"279_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2011.579061","volume":"45","author":"C-P Barros","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barros C-P, Vieira JC (2013) Measurement of hospital efficiency, using a latent class stochastic frontier model. Appl Econ 45(1):47\u201354","journal-title":"Appl Econ"},{"key":"279_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-55610-9_178","volume":"609","author":"J Campos","year":"1992","unstructured":"Campos J, Silva M (1992) Structural techniques and performance bounds of stochastic Petri net models. Lect Notes Comput Sci 609:352\u2013391","journal-title":"Lect Notes Comput Sci"},{"key":"279_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiola G, Franceschinis G (1991) A structural colour simplification in well-formed coloured nets. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models, pp 144\u2013153","DOI":"10.1109\/PNPM.1991.238773"},{"issue":"11","key":"279_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1109\/12.247838","volume":"42","author":"G Chiola","year":"1993","unstructured":"Chiola G, Dutheillet C, Franceschinis G, Haddad S (1993) Stochastic well-formed colored nets and symmetric modeling applications. IEEE Trans Comput 42(11):1343\u20131360","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Comput"},{"key":"279_CR16","unstructured":"Chiola G, Anglano C, Campos J, Colom J, Silva M (1994) Operational analysis of timed Petri nets and application to the computation of performance bounds. In: Boxma O, Koole G (eds) Performance evaluation of parallel and distributed systems: Solution methods, tract, vol 106. Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, Amsterdam, pp 197\u2013213"},{"issue":"11","key":"279_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1197\/j.aem.2004.08.021","volume":"11","author":"LG Connelly","year":"2004","unstructured":"Connelly LG, Bair AE (2004) Discrete event simulation of emergency department activity: a platform for system-level operations research. Acad Emerg Med 11(11):1177\u20131185","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"279_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2600707","volume":"50","author":"RG Coyle","year":"1999","unstructured":"Coyle RG, Morecroft JDW (1999) Guest editor\u2019s introduction. J Oper Res Soc 50(4):294\u2013294","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"279_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.1985.125","volume":"36","author":"R Davies","year":"1985","unstructured":"Davies R (1985) An assessment of models of a health system. J Oper Res Soc 36(8):679\u2013686","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"key":"279_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2014.10.026","volume":"79","author":"M Dotoli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dotoli M, Epicoco N, Falagario M, Sciancalepore F (2015) A cross-efficiency fuzzy data envelopment analysis technique for performance evaluation of decision making units under uncertainty. Comput Ind Eng 79:103\u2013114","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"279_CR21","unstructured":"Fanti MP, Iacobellis G, Ukovich W (2010) A Metamodelling Approach to Healthcare System management. In: Testi A, Ivaldi E, Carello G, Aringhieri R, Fraghelli V (eds) XXXVI ORHAS conference, Operation Research for Patient- Centered health care delivery, pp 110\u2013121"},{"issue":"4","key":"279_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2012.2217319","volume":"43","author":"MP Fanti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fanti MP, Mangini AM, Dotoli M, Ukovich W (2013) A three-level strategy for the design and performance evaluation of hospital departments. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst 43 (4):742\u2013756","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern: Syst"},{"key":"279_CR23","volume-title":"Guidelines for clinical practice: from development to use","author":"MJ Field","year":"1992","unstructured":"Field MJ, Lohr K (1992) Guidelines for clinical practice: from development to use. National Academy Press, Washington"},{"issue":"4","key":"279_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdg075","volume":"24","author":"D Fone","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fone D, Hollinghurst S, Temple M, Round A, Lester N, Weightman A (2003) Systematic review of the use and value of computer simulation modelling in population health and health care delivery. J Publ Health Med 24(4):325\u2013335","journal-title":"J Publ Health Med"},{"key":"279_CR25","unstructured":"Forrester JW (1960) The impact of feedback control concepts on the Management Sciences. In: Collected Papers of j.w. Forrester. Wright-Allen Press, pp 45\u201360"},{"issue":"2","key":"279_CR26","first-page":"142","volume":"3","author":"F Fruggiero","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fruggiero F, Lambiase A, Fallon D (2008) Computer simulation and swarm intelligence organisation into an emergency department: a balancing approach across ant colony optimisation. Int J Serv Oper Inf 3(2):142\u2013161","journal-title":"Int J Serv Oper Inf"},{"key":"279_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao S, Krogstie J (2009) A Combined Framework for Development of Business Process Support Systems. In: Persson A, Stirna J (eds) The practice of enterprise modeling. Lecture notes in business information processing, vol 39. Springer, Berlin, pp 115\u2013129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-05352-8_10"},{"key":"279_CR28","volume-title":"http:\/\/www.di.unito.it\/greatspn","author":"GreatSPN","year":"2002","unstructured":"GreatSPN (2002) \n                    http:\/\/www.di.unito.it\/greatspn\n                    \n                  . University of Torino, Torino"},{"issue":"1","key":"279_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1057\/jos.2009.25","volume":"4","author":"MM G\u00fcnal","year":"2010","unstructured":"G\u00fcnal MM, Pidd M (2010) Discrete event simulation for performance modelling in health care: a review of the literature. J Simul 4(1):42\u201351","journal-title":"J Simul"},{"issue":"3","key":"279_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1019767900627","volume":"5","author":"PR Harper","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harper PR (2002) A framework for operational modelling of hospital resources. Health Care Manag Sci 5(3):165\u2013173","journal-title":"Health Care Manag Sci"},{"key":"279_CR31","unstructured":"IBM (2011) ILOG CPLEX Optimizer"},{"issue":"2","key":"279_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.jors.2600669","volume":"50","author":"JB Jun","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jun JB, Jacobson SH, Swisher JR (1999) Applications of discrete event simulation in health care clinics: a survey. J Oper Res Soc 50(2):109\u2013123","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"key":"279_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kosanke K, Vernadat F, Zelm M (1997) CIMOSA process model for enterprise modelling. In: Goossenaerts J, Kimura F, Wortmann H (eds) Information infrastructure systems for manufacturing. IFIP \u2014 the international federation for information processing. Springer, Boston, MA, pp 59\u201368","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-35063-9_6"},{"key":"279_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lagarde F, Espinoza H, Terrier F, G\u00e9rard S (2007) Improving UML profile design practices by leveraging conceptual domain models. In: Stirewalt REK, Egyed A, Fischer B (eds) 22nd IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2007). ACM, Atlanta, pp 445\u2013448","DOI":"10.1145\/1321631.1321705"},{"issue":"6","key":"279_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1177\/146642409511500611","volume":"115","author":"B Lehaney","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lehaney B, Hlupic V (2008) Simulation modelling for resource allocation and planning in the health sector. J R Soc Health 115(6):382\u2013385","journal-title":"J R Soc Health"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"279_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-017-9283-9","volume":"30","author":"C Mahulea","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mahulea C, Mahulea L, Garcia-Soriano J, Colom J (2018) Modular Petri Net Modeling of Healthcare Systems. Flex Serv Manuf J 30(1-2):329\u2013357","journal-title":"Flex Serv Manuf J"},{"key":"279_CR37","volume-title":"Object-Oriented Methods: a Foundation","author":"J Martin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Martin J, Odell J (1997) Object-Oriented Methods: a Foundation, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs","edition":"2"},{"key":"279_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcs.2005.10.021","volume":"152","author":"T Mens","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mens T, Gorp PV (2006) A taxonomy of model transformation. Electron Notes Theor Comput Sci 152:125\u2013142","journal-title":"Electron Notes Theor Comput Sci"},{"key":"279_CR39","unstructured":"OMG (2011a) Business Process Model and Notation. Object Management Group. Version 2.0, formal\/11-01-03"},{"key":"279_CR40","unstructured":"OMG (2011b) A UML profile for Modeling and Analysis of Real Time Embedded Systems (MARTE). Object Management Group. Document formal\/11-06-02"},{"key":"279_CR41","unstructured":"OMG (2015) Unified Modelling Language: Superstructure. Object Management Group. Version 2.5, formal\/15-03-01"},{"key":"279_CR42","unstructured":"Papyrus (2017) \n                    http:\/\/www.eclipse.org\/papyrus\/"},{"key":"279_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parrilla L, Garc\u00eda J, Albareda J, Mahulea C (2017) HEAT: A Tool to Develop, Analyze and Monitor Clinical Pathways. In: ICNSC\u20192017: 14Th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control. Calabria","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNSC.2017.8000089"},{"issue":"1","key":"279_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3975(99)00112-7","volume":"254","author":"L Recalde","year":"2001","unstructured":"Recalde L, Teruel E, Silva M (2001) Structure theory of multi-level deterministically synchronized sequential processes. Theor Comput Sci 254(1):1\u201333","journal-title":"Theor Comput Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"279_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s10729-010-9145-4","volume":"14","author":"TR Rohleder","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rohleder TR, Lewkonia P, Bischak DP, Duffy P, Hendijani R (2011) Using simulation modeling to improve patient flow at an outpatient orthopedic clinic. Health Care Manag Sci 14 (2):135\u2013145","journal-title":"Health Care Manag Sci"},{"key":"279_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roux O, Combes C, Duvivier D (2006) A modeling methodology dedicated to simulation and based on generic meta-models using MDA-UML: an application to a chronic renal dialysis unit. In: International Conference on service systems and service management, vol 1, pp 692\u2013697","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSSSM.2006.320546"},{"key":"279_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Selic B (2007) A systematic approach to Domain-Specific language design using UML. In: Tenth IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing (ISORC2007). IEEE Computer Society, pp 2\u20139","DOI":"10.1109\/ISORC.2007.10"},{"key":"279_CR48","unstructured":"Silingas D, Vitiutinas R, Armonas A, Nemuraite L (2009) Domain-Specific modeling environment based on UML profiles. In: Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Information and Software Technologies (IT 2009), pp 167\u2013177"},{"issue":"2","key":"279_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0548(99)00093-3","volume":"28","author":"JR Swisher","year":"2001","unstructured":"Swisher JR, Jacobson SH, Jun JB, Balci O (2001) Modeling and analyzing a physician clinic environment using discrete-event (visual) simulation. Comput Oper Res 28(2):105\u2013125","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"279_CR50","unstructured":"Tricas F, Garc\u00eda-Valles F, Colom J, Ezpeleta J (2005) A Petri net Structure-Based Deadlock Prevention Solution for Sequential Resource Allocation Systems. In: International Conference on robotics and automation. Barcelona"},{"issue":"6","key":"279_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1080\/09537280902938605","volume":"20","author":"T Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang T, Guinet A, Belaidi A, Besombes B (2009) Modelling and simulation of emergency services with ARIS and Arena. Case study: the emergency department of Saint Joseph and Saint Luc Hospital. Prod Plann Control 20(6):484\u2013495","journal-title":"Prod Plann Control"},{"key":"279_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wells L (2006) Performance analysis using CPN tools. In: Lenzini L, Cruz RL (eds) Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodolgies and Tools, VALUETOOLS 2006, vol 180. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, Pisa, p 59","DOI":"10.1145\/1190095.1190171"},{"issue":"9","key":"279_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2015.2409932","volume":"60","author":"SJ Whittaker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Whittaker SJ, Rudie K, Mclellan J (2015) An Augmented Petri Net Model for Health-Care Protocols. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 60(9):2362\u20132377","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"key":"279_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimmermann A (2012) Modeling and Evaluation of Stochastic Petri Nets With timeNET 4.1. In: VALUETOOLS12: 6th International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools, Cargese, pp 1\u201310","DOI":"10.4108\/valuetools.2012.250263"}],"container-title":["Discrete Event Dynamic Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10626-019-00279-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10626-019-00279-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10626-019-00279-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T23:20:38Z","timestamp":1586474438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10626-019-00279-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10626-019-00279-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-6703","1573-7594"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0924-6703"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7594"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 December 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 January 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}