{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T17:24:31Z","timestamp":1787592271059,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10354-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T12:02:51Z","timestamp":1602763371000},"page":"2253-2283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The effect of virtual learning environments designed according to problem-based learning approach to students\u2019 success, problem-solving skills, and motivations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9345-6194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seda Akti","family":"Aslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5675-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kemal","family":"Duruhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"10354_CR1","volume-title":"The effect of problem-based learning method used for teaching acids and bases on different variables and students? views on the method (unpublished doctor thesis)","author":"EI Aka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aka, E. I. (2012). The effect of problem-based learning method used for teaching acids and bases on different variables and students? views on the method (unpublished doctor thesis). Ankara: Gazi University."},{"key":"10354_CR2","first-page":"459","volume":"26","author":"K Altiparmak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Altiparmak, K., & Akin, P. (2017). An Exper\u0131mental study on the Effect\u0131veness of problem based Learn\u0131ng method. Journal of Social Sciences, 26, 459\u2013492.","journal-title":"Journal of Social Sciences"},{"key":"10354_CR3","volume-title":"The effect of web supported problem based learning medium upon cognitive and efffective learning products: Gazi University Kastamonu Education Example (unpublished doctoral thesis)","author":"A Altuncekic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Altuncekic, A. (2010). The effect of web supported problem based learning medium upon cognitive and efffective learning products: Gazi University Kastamonu Education Example (unpublished doctoral thesis). Ankara: Gazi University."},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR4","first-page":"857","volume":"13","author":"AS Argaw","year":"2017","unstructured":"Argaw, A. S., Haile, B. B., Ayalew, B. T., & Kuma, S. G. (2017). The effect of problem based learning (PBL) instruction on students\u2019 motivation and problem solving skills of physics. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(3), 857\u2013871.","journal-title":"EURASIA Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR5","first-page":"41","volume":"40","author":"M Arslan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arslan, M. (2007). Constructivist approaches in education. Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 40(1), 41\u201361.","journal-title":"Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR6","first-page":"359","volume":"18","author":"A Aslan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aslan, A., & Atici, B. (2016). The effect of virtual learning environments suitable for learning styles on student success. Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty, 18(1), 359\u2013373.","journal-title":"Erzincan University Journal of Education Faculty"},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR7","first-page":"195","volume":"7","author":"Y Ay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ay, Y., Tuysuz, C., & Kusdemir, M. (2013). An analysis of the effect of problem based learning model on the 10th grade students\u2019 achievement, attitude and motivation in the unit of \u201cmixtures\u201d. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 7(2), 195\u2013224.","journal-title":"Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education"},{"key":"10354_CR8","first-page":"48","volume":"42","author":"C Aydogdu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aydogdu, C. (2012). The effect of problem besed learning strategy in electrolysis and battery subject teaching. Hacettepe University Journal of Education Faculty, 42, 48\u201359.","journal-title":"Hacettepe University Journal of Education Faculty"},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR9","first-page":"61","volume":"37","author":"R Balay","year":"2004","unstructured":"Balay, R. (2004). Globalization, information society and education. Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 37(2), 61\u201382.","journal-title":"Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2010.10.025","volume":"56","author":"M Barak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barak, M., Ashkar, T., & Dori, Y. J. (2011). Learning science via animated movies: Its effect on students\u2019 thinking and motivation. Computers & Education, 56(3), 839\u2013846.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10354_CR11","volume-title":"Ne, Nicin, Neden Ogretiyoruz ve Ogreniyoruz?","author":"C Baytekin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Baytekin, C. (2001). Ne, Nicin, Neden Ogretiyoruz ve Ogreniyoruz? Ankara: Ani Yayincilik."},{"key":"10354_CR12","volume-title":"Plandan Uygulamaya Ogretim","author":"M Bilen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bilen, M. (2006). Plandan Uygulamaya Ogretim. Ankara: Ani Yayincilik."},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2004.10.005","volume":"21","author":"S Brand-Gruwel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brand-Gruwel, S., Wopereis, I., & Vermetten, Y. (2005). Information problem solving by expert sandnovices: Analysis of a complex cognitive skill. Computers in Human Behavior, 21(3), 487\u2013508.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"10354_CR14","volume-title":"The IDEAL problem solver: A guide for improving thinking, learning, and creativity","author":"J Bransford","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bransford, J., & Stein, B. S. (1984). The IDEAL problem solver: A guide for improving thinking, learning, and creativity. New York: W.H. Freeman."},{"key":"10354_CR15","unstructured":"Bridges, E, M. (1992). Problem based learning for administrators. ERIC Clearing house on Educational Management, University of Oregon, 1787 Agate street, Eugene, OR 97403\u20135207."},{"issue":"4","key":"10354_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.30831\/akukeg.396968","volume":"11","author":"II Budakoglu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Budakoglu, I. I., Coskun, O., & Ozeke, V. (2018). Problem based learning: Present situation, issues and technology supported solution recommendations. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 11(4), 894\u2013921.","journal-title":"Journal of Theoretical Educational Science"},{"key":"10354_CR17","volume-title":"Experimental patterns: Pretest-posttest control group, pattern and data analysis","author":"S Buyukozturk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Buyukozturk, S. (2011). Experimental patterns: Pretest-posttest control group, pattern and data analysis. Ankara: Pegem Akademi."},{"key":"10354_CR18","volume-title":"Statistics for social sciences","author":"S Buyukozturk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Buyukozturk, S., Cokluk, O., & Koklu, N. (2010). Statistics for social sciences (6th ed.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.","edition":"6"},{"issue":"4","key":"10354_CR19","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"FK Celen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Celen, F. K., Celik, A., & Seferoglu, S. S. (2011). Turkish education system and PISA results. Akademik Bilisim, 2(4), 1\u20139.","journal-title":"Akademik Bilisim"},{"key":"10354_CR20","volume-title":"The effect of problem based learning on pre-service teachers\u2019 physics course achievement, learning approaches and science process skills (unpublished doctoral thesis)","author":"P Celik","year":"2013","unstructured":"Celik, P. (2013). The effect of problem based learning on pre-service teachers\u2019 physics course achievement, learning approaches and science process skills (unpublished doctoral thesis). Izmir: Dokuz Eylul University."},{"issue":"79","key":"10354_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.14689\/ejer.2019.79.9","volume":"19","author":"Y Cetin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cetin, Y., Mirasyedioglu, S., & Cakiroglu, E. (2019). An inquiry into the underlying reasons for the impact of technology enhanced problem-based learning activities on students\u2019 attitudes and achievement. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 19(79), 191\u2013208.","journal-title":"Eurasian Journal of Educational Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10354_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2009.10.008","volume":"54","author":"LH Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen, L. H. (2010). Web-based learning programs: Use by learners with various cognitive styles. Computers & Education, 54(4), 1028\u20131035.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"10354_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1002\/sce.10144","volume":"88","author":"C Chin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chin, C., & Chia, L. (2004). Problem-based learning: Using students\u2019 questionsto drive knowledge construction. Science Education, 88(5), 707\u2013727.","journal-title":"Science Education"},{"key":"10354_CR24","volume-title":"The effects of problem based learning to success, creativity and transfer skills of the students (unpublished master thesis)","author":"B Coban","year":"2014","unstructured":"Coban, B. (2014). The effects of problem based learning to success, creativity and transfer skills of the students (unpublished master thesis). Ankara: Gazi University."},{"key":"10354_CR25","volume-title":"Psychological testing and assessment","author":"JR Cohen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cohen, J. R., Swerdlik, M. E., & Phillips, S. M. (1996). Psychological testing and assessment (3th ed.). London: Mayfield.","edition":"3"},{"key":"10354_CR26","unstructured":"Creswell, J, W. (2008). Educational research planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. International Pearson Merril Prentice Hall."},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2005.11.018","volume":"49","author":"KJ Crippen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Crippen, K. J., & Earl, B. L. (2007). The impact of web-based worked example sand self-explanation on performance, problem solving, and self-efficacy. Computers & Education, 49(3), 809\u2013821.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10354_CR28","unstructured":"Demirel, O. (2011). \u00d6\u011fretim \u0130lke ve Y\u00f6ntemleri: \u00d6\u011fretme Sanat\u0131. Pegem Akademi."},{"key":"10354_CR29","unstructured":"Duch, B, J., Groh, S, E., & Allen, D, E. (2001). The power of problem-based learning: A practical\u201d how to\u201d for teaching under graduate courses in any discipline. Stylus Publishing, LLC."},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/bmb.20745","volume":"42","author":"A Figueira","year":"2014","unstructured":"Figueira, A., & Rocha, J. B. (2014). A proposal for teaching undergraduate chemistry students carbohydrate biochemistry by problem-based learning activities. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 42(1), 81\u201387.","journal-title":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR31","first-page":"74","volume":"11","author":"K Gould","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gould, K., Sadera, W., & McNary, S. (2015). Comparing changes in content knowledge between online problem based learning and traditional \u0131nstruction in undergraduate health professional students. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 11(1), 74\u201386.","journal-title":"MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching"},{"key":"10354_CR32","volume-title":"The problems and solution in the teaching of physics in primary science education (unpublished master thesis)","author":"B Gul","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gul, B. (2006). The problems and solution in the teaching of physics in primary science education (unpublished master thesis). Afyon: Afyon Kocatepe University."},{"key":"10354_CR33","unstructured":"Gurlen, E. (2011). The effect of problem based Learn\u0131ng on Learn\u0131ng outcomes, Problem Solv\u0131ng Sk\u0131lls and Self-Eff\u0131cacy Bel\u0131ef. H. U. Journal of Education, 40, 221\u2013232."},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR34","first-page":"67","volume":"2","author":"B Guven","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guven, B., & Karatas, I. (2003). Learning geometry with dynamic geometry software Cabri: Student views. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2(2), 67\u201378.","journal-title":"The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology"},{"key":"10354_CR35","unstructured":"Haladyna, T. M. (1997). Writing test items to evaluate higher order thinking. Allyn and Bacon."},{"issue":"10","key":"10354_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1080\/10668920390276984","volume":"28","author":"JH Herron","year":"2004","unstructured":"Herron, J. H., & Major, C. H. (2004). Community college leaders attitudes problem based learning as a method for teaching leadership. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 28(10), 805\u2013821.","journal-title":"Community College Journal of Research and Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR37","first-page":"9","volume":"64","author":"B Hoffman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hoffman, B. (1998). Integrating the disciplines in the elementary grades with problem-based learning. The Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, 64(3), 9\u201314.","journal-title":"The Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin"},{"issue":"4","key":"10354_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/08923640701595365","volume":"21","author":"JE Hughes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hughes, J. E., Mc Leod, S., Brown, R., Maeda, Y., & Choi, J. (2007). Academic achievement and perceptions of the learning environment in virtual and traditional secondary mathematics classrooms. The American Journal of Distance Education, 21(4), 199\u2013214.","journal-title":"The American Journal of Distance Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"10354_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/03075070701685171","volume":"32","author":"RMR Hussain","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hussain, R. M. R., Mamat, W. H. W., Salleh, N., Saat, R. M., & Harland, T. (2007). Problem-based learning in Asian Universities. Studies in Higher Education, 32(6), 761\u2013772.","journal-title":"Studies in Higher Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"10354_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.05.009","volume":"59","author":"GJ Hwang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hwang, G. J., Wu, P. H., & Chen, C. C. (2012). An online game approach for improving students\u2019 learning performance in web-based problem-solving activities. Computers & Education, 59(4), 1246\u20131256.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10354_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2013.09.013","volume":"71","author":"GJ Hwang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hwang, G. J., Kuo, F. R., Chen, N. S., & Ho, H. J. (2014). Effects of an integrated concept mapping and web-based problem-solving approach on students\u2019 learning achievements, perception sand cognitive loads. Computers & Education, 71, 77\u201386.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR42","first-page":"203","volume":"14","author":"A Inam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Inam, A., & Unsal, H. (2017). Evaluation of the effect of teaching web-based appl\u0131cations of Maths subject on 5th grade students\u2019 performance and motivation through students views. HAYEF. Journal of Education, 14(1), 203\u2013221.","journal-title":"Journal of Education"},{"key":"10354_CR43","volume-title":"Cooperative learning in the classroom","author":"D Johnson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Johnson, D., Johnson, R., & Holubec, E. (1994). Cooperative learning in the classroom. Alexandria VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development."},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2753.2000.00267.x","volume":"6","author":"MS Johnson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Johnson, M. S., & Finucane, P. M. (2000). The emergence of problem-based learning in medical education. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 6(3), 281\u2013291.","journal-title":"Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR45","first-page":"42","volume":"35","author":"TM Jones-Wilson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jones-Wilson, T. M. (2005). Teaching problem-solving skills without sacrificing course content. Journal of College Science Teaching, 35(1), 42\u201346.","journal-title":"Journal of College Science Teaching"},{"issue":"16","key":"10354_CR46","first-page":"35","volume":"181","author":"A Karaci","year":"2018","unstructured":"Karaci, A., Akyuz, H. I., Bilgici, G., & Arici, N. (2018). Effects of web-based intelligent tutoring systems on academic achievement and retention. Online Submission, 181(16), 35\u201341.","journal-title":"Online Submission"},{"issue":"177","key":"10354_CR47","first-page":"217","volume":"40","author":"A Karadeniz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karadeniz, A., & Akpinar, E. (2015). The effect of web-based instruction on elementary students\u2019 academic achievement. Education and Science, 40(177), 217\u2013231.","journal-title":"Education and Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR48","first-page":"249","volume":"5","author":"I Karatas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karatas, I., & Baki, A. (2017). The effect of learning environments based on problem solving on students\u2019 achievements of problem solving. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 5(3), 249\u2013268.","journal-title":"International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education"},{"key":"10354_CR49","volume-title":"Effects of cooperat\u0131ve learning and peer assesment on academic success, metacognitive awareness and helping behaviors (Unpublished Master Thesis)","author":"S Kaya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kaya, S. (2013). Effects of cooperat\u0131ve learning and peer assesment on academic success, metacognitive awareness and helping behaviors (Unpublished Master Thesis). Sivas: Cumhuriyet University."},{"issue":"4","key":"10354_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02904345","volume":"2","author":"JM Keller","year":"1979","unstructured":"Keller, J. M. (1979). Motivation and instructional design: A theoretical perspective. Journal of Instructional Development, 2(4), 26\u201334.","journal-title":"Journal of Instructional Development"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1039\/B901459B","volume":"10","author":"O Kelly","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kelly, O., & Finlayson, O. (2009). A hurdle too high? students\u2019 experience of a PBL laboratory module. Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 10(1), 42\u201352.","journal-title":"Chemistry Education Research and Practice"},{"issue":"5","key":"10354_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.14527\/pegegog.2015.034","volume":"5","author":"I K\u0131l\u0131c","year":"2015","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131c, I., & Moralar, A. (2015). The effect of problem-based learning approach on academic success and motivation in science education. Pegem Journal of Education ve Instruction, 5(5), 625\u2013636.","journal-title":"Pegem Journal of Education ve Instruction"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR53","first-page":"234","volume":"15","author":"EB K\u0131r\u0131kkaya","year":"2016","unstructured":"K\u0131r\u0131kkaya, E. B., Dag, F., Durdu, L., & Gerdan, S. (2016). CAI software for 8th grade natural processes unit and its effect on academic success. Elementary Education Online, 15(1), 234\u2013250.","journal-title":"Elementary Education Online"},{"key":"10354_CR54","volume-title":"Compar\u0131ng w\u0131th problem and cooperat\u0131ve based learn\u0131ng method appl\u0131ed \u0131n pr\u0131mary schools on the success of the students (unpublished master thesis)","author":"EN Korucu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Korucu, E. N. (2007). Compar\u0131ng w\u0131th problem and cooperat\u0131ve based learn\u0131ng method appl\u0131ed \u0131n pr\u0131mary schools on the success of the students (unpublished master thesis). Konya: Selcuk University."},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2011.09.020","volume":"58","author":"FR Kuo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kuo, F. R., Hwang, G. J., & Lee, C. C. (2012). A hybrid approach to promoting students\u2019 web-based problem-solving competence and learning attitude. Computers & Education, 58(1), 351\u2013364.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR56","first-page":"292","volume":"5","author":"H Kutu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kutu, H., & Sozbilir, M. (2011). Adaptation of instructional materials motivation survey to Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 5(1), 292\u2013312.","journal-title":"Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR57","first-page":"273","volume":"16","author":"M Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee, M., & Kim, D. S. (2005). The effects of the collaborative representation supporting tool on problem-solving processes and outcomes in web-based collaborative problem-based learning (PBL) environments. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 16(3), 273\u2013293.","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Learning Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR58","first-page":"78","volume":"4","author":"D Manuel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Manuel, D., & Freiman, V. (2017). Differentiating \u0131nstruction using a virtual environment: A study of mathematical problem posing among gifted and talented learners. Global Education Review, 4(1), 78\u201397.","journal-title":"Global Education Review"},{"key":"10354_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayer, R, E. (2009). Multimedia learning (2. Edition). New York: Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511811678"},{"key":"10354_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2004.01818.x","volume":"38","author":"M McParland","year":"2004","unstructured":"McParland, M., Noble, L. M., & Livingston, G. (2004). The effectiveness of problem-based learning compared to traditional teaching in undergraduate psychiatry. Medical Education, 38, 859\u2013867.","journal-title":"Medical Education"},{"key":"10354_CR61","volume-title":"Fen Bilimleri Dersi Ogretim Program\u0131 (\u0130lkokul ve Ortaokul 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. S\u0131n\u0131flar)","author":"MEB","year":"2018","unstructured":"MEB. (2018). Fen Bilimleri Dersi Ogretim Program\u0131 (\u0130lkokul ve Ortaokul 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. S\u0131n\u0131flar). Ankara: Mill\u00ee Egitim Bakanl\u0131g\u0131 Temel Egitim Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fcg\u00fc."},{"issue":"6","key":"10354_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x","volume":"108","author":"P Mishra","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017\u20131054.","journal-title":"Teachers College Record"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2011.09.011","volume":"58","author":"J Moreno","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moreno, J., Ovalle, D. A., & Vicari, R. M. (2012). A genetic algorithm approach for group formation in collaborative learning considering multiple student characteristics. Computers & Education, 58(1), 560\u2013569.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR64","first-page":"49","volume":"19","author":"A Mutlu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mutlu, A., & Ayar Kayali, H. (2018). Effect of problem based learning activities about coenzymes on Undergraduates\u2019 achievement and attitude toward biochemistry lesson. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 19(1), 49\u201365.","journal-title":"Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2004.11.007","volume":"48","author":"EW Ngai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ngai, E. W., Poon, J. K. L., & Chan, Y. H. C. (2007). Empirical examination of the adoption of WebCT using TAM. Computers & Education, 48(2), 250\u2013267.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10354_CR66","unstructured":"Oxford University Press. (2015). Learn about virtual learning environment\/ course management system content. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/o54enla Accessed 22 March 2018."},{"key":"10354_CR67","unstructured":"Ozcelik, D, A. (2010). Test Haz\u0131rlama K\u0131lavuzu (4. Bask\u0131). \u00d6SYM Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara."},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR68","first-page":"251","volume":"13","author":"A Ozdemir","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ozdemir, A. (2017). Students\u2019 wiews towards web based mathematics teaching. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, 13(1), 251\u2013157.","journal-title":"Celal Bayar University Journal of Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR69","first-page":"36","volume":"3","author":"T Ozsevgec","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ozsevgec, T. (2006). Evaluation of the effectiveness of the student guide material developed according to the 5E model for force and motion unit. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 3(2), 36\u201348.","journal-title":"Journal of Turkish Science Education"},{"key":"10354_CR70","unstructured":"Pallant, J. (2017). SPSS Kullanma K\u0131lavuzu: SPSS ile Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Veri Analizi. (Trans. Sibel B. and Berat A.). Ankara."},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjss.2017.01.001","volume":"38","author":"R Phungsuk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Phungsuk, R., Viriyavejakul, C., & Ratanaolarn, T. (2017). Development of a problem-based learning model via a virtual learning environment. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 38(3), 297\u2013306.","journal-title":"Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences"},{"key":"10354_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polya, G. (1945). How to Solve It: A New Aspect of Mathematical Method. Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey.","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400828678"},{"key":"10354_CR73","volume-title":"The psychology of problem solving (pp. 3\u201330 )","author":"JE Pretz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pretz, J. E., Naples, A. J., & Sternberg, R. J. (2003). Recognizing, defining, and representing problems. In J. E. Davidson & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of problem solving (pp. 3\u201330 ). New York: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"10354_CR74","unstructured":"Saka, A.,. Z. (2008). New approaches in science and technology teaching. In O. Taskin (Ed.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi publications."},{"issue":"5","key":"10354_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1080\/00377990903493861","volume":"101","author":"S Scheurell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scheurell, S. (2010). Virtual warrenshburg: Using cooperative learning and the internet in the social studies classroom. The Social Studies, 101(5), 194\u2013199.","journal-title":"The Social Studies"},{"key":"10354_CR76","first-page":"12","volume":"24","author":"SG Selcuk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Selcuk, S. G., & Sahin, M. (2008). Problem-based learning and teacher education. Buca Faculty of Education Journal, 24, 12\u201319.","journal-title":"Buca Faculty of Education Journal"},{"key":"10354_CR77","volume-title":"The effect of online problem based learning on the pre-service teachers? critical thinking skills and academic achievement (unpublished doctoral thesis)","author":"S Sendag","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sendag, S. (2008). The effect of online problem based learning on the pre-service teachers? critical thinking skills and academic achievement (unpublished doctoral thesis). Ankara: Gazi University."},{"key":"10354_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2009.01.008","volume":"53","author":"S Sendag","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sendag, S., & Odabasi, F. (2009). Effects of an online problem based learning course on content knowledge acquisition and critical thinking skills. Computers & Education, 53, 132\u2013141.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR79","first-page":"359","volume":"13","author":"E Senocak","year":"2005","unstructured":"Senocak, E., & Taskesenligil, Y. (2005). Problem-based learning and its applicability in science education. Kastamonu Education Journal, 13(2), 359\u2013366.","journal-title":"Kastamonu Education Journal"},{"key":"10354_CR80","volume-title":"The effect of problem based learning instruction on 7th grade students\u2019 science achievement, attitude toward science and scientific process skills (unpublished doctoral thesis)","author":"G Serin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Serin, G. (2009). The effect of problem based learning instruction on 7th grade students\u2019 science achievement, attitude toward science and scientific process skills (unpublished doctoral thesis). Ankara: Ortado\u011fu Tecnic University."},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR81","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"S Sevim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sevim, S., & Ayvaci, H. S. (2016). The effect of web-based teaching on science and technology course. Journal of Bayburt Education Faculty, 7(2), 1\u201319.","journal-title":"Journal of Bayburt Education Faculty"},{"issue":"16","key":"10354_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.05.019","volume":"39","author":"VR Shen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shen, V. R., Wang, Y. Y., Yang, C. Y., & Yeh, S. T. (2012). Verification of problem-based learning system susing modified petrinets. Expert Systems with Applications, 39(16), 12636\u201312649.","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10354_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.05.047","volume":"63","author":"VJ Shute","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shute, V. J., Wang, L., Greiff, S., Zhao, W., & Moore, G. (2016). Measuring problem solving skills via stealth assessment in an engaging video game. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 106\u2013117.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR84","first-page":"19","volume":"14","author":"EA Silver","year":"1994","unstructured":"Silver, E. A. (1994). On mathematical problem posing. Forthe Learning of Mathematics, 14(1), 19\u201328.","journal-title":"Forthe Learning of Mathematics"},{"key":"10354_CR85","volume-title":"New approaches in science teaching-learning through discovery","author":"H Soylu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Soylu, H. (2004). New approaches in science teaching-learning through discovery. Ankara: Nobel Publishing."},{"key":"10354_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tambychik, T., & Meerah, T, S, M. (2010). Students\u201f difficulties in mathematics problem-solving: What do they say? Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 8, 142\u2013151.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.12.020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR87","first-page":"71","volume":"3","author":"RO Tandogan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tandogan, R. O., & Orhan, A. (2007). The effects of problem-based active learning in science education on students' academic achievement, attitude and concept learning. Online Submission, 3(1), 71\u201381.","journal-title":"Online Submission"},{"key":"10354_CR88","volume-title":"The effect of locus of control in web assisted problem based learning (PBL) on students? success, problem solving skills, and attitutes to learning (unpublished doctoral thesis)","author":"H Tekedere","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tekedere, H. (2009). The effect of locus of control in web assisted problem based learning (PBL) on students? success, problem solving skills, and attitutes to learning (unpublished doctoral thesis). Ankara: Gazi University."},{"issue":"2","key":"10354_CR89","first-page":"565","volume":"23","author":"S Temel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Temel, S., Sen, S., & Yilmaz, A. (2015). A content analysis related to the problem-based learning studies: The case of Turkey. Kastamonu Education Journal, 23(2), 565\u2013580.","journal-title":"Kastamonu Education Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10354_CR90","first-page":"104","volume":"9","author":"C Tosun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tosun, C., & Taskesenligil, Y. (2012). The effect of problem based learning method on students' motivation and learning strategies against chemistry lesson. Turkish Journal of Science Education, 9(1), 104\u2013125.","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Science Education"},{"key":"10354_CR91","unstructured":"Trilling, B. & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st century skills: Learning for life in our times. Wiley"},{"issue":"22","key":"10354_CR92","first-page":"73","volume":"22","author":"C Tuysus","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tuysus, C., & Aydin, H. (2007). Effect of the web based learning on primary school students\u2019 attitudes. Pamukkale University Journal of Education, 22(22), 73\u201378.","journal-title":"Pamukkale University Journal of Education"},{"key":"10354_CR93","first-page":"283","volume":"36","author":"S Ulucinar Sagir","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ulucinar Sagir, S., Yalcin Celik, A., & Oner Armagan, F. (2009). The effect of problem based learning strategy in metalic activity subject teaching. H. U. Journal of Educaiton, 36, 283\u2013293.","journal-title":"H. U. Journal of Educaiton"},{"key":"10354_CR94","volume-title":"Effects of nursing education on nursing student's problem-solving skills (unpublished doctoral thesis)","author":"S Ulupinar","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ulupinar, S. (1997). Effects of nursing education on nursing student's problem-solving skills (unpublished doctoral thesis). \u0130stanbul: \u0130stanbul University."},{"issue":"6","key":"10354_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1080\/03043797.2017.1291584","volume":"42","author":"A Valentine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Valentine, A., Belski, I., & Hamilton, M. (2017). Developing creativity and problem-solving skills of engineering students: A comparison of web-and pen-and-paper-based approaches. European Journal of Engineering Education, 42(6), 1309\u20131329.","journal-title":"European Journal of Engineering Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"10354_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s11165-008-9096-7","volume":"39","author":"KKH Wong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wong, K. K. H., & Day, J. R. (2009). A comparative study of problem-based and lecture-based learning in junior secondary school science. Research in Science Education, 39(5), 625\u2013642.","journal-title":"Research in Science Education"},{"key":"10354_CR97","volume-title":"The effect of web based teaching method to the success of the course in training primary teaching of social studies (unpublished master thesis)","author":"E Yaylak","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yaylak, E. (2010). The effect of web based teaching method to the success of the course in training primary teaching of social studies (unpublished master thesis). Izmir: Dokuz Eylul University."},{"key":"10354_CR98","volume-title":"Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Arastirma Y\u00f6ntemleri","author":"A Yildirim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yildirim, A., & Simsek, H. (2008). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Arastirma Y\u00f6ntemleri (8th ed.). Ankara: Seckin Yay\u0131nevi.","edition":"8"},{"issue":"3","key":"10354_CR99","first-page":"1401","volume":"23","author":"S Yorganci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yorganci, S. (2015). The effects of web based distance education method on students\u2019 mathematics achievements. Kastamonu Education Journal, 23(3), 1401\u20131420.","journal-title":"Kastamonu Education Journal"},{"key":"10354_CR100","unstructured":"Yuzhi, W. (2003). Using problem \u2013 Based learning and teaching analytical chemistry, The China Papers."}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10354-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10354-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10354-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T23:18:26Z","timestamp":1723763906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10354-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10354-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 October 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}