{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T11:54:14Z","timestamp":1777290854665,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10461-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T07:04:37Z","timestamp":1614150277000},"page":"4151-4179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Question paper generation through progressive model and difficulty calculation on the Promexa Mobile Application"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Rishabh","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Devansh","family":"Timbadia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vidhi","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rishabh","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1732-1703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prathamesh","family":"Churi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omkar","family":"Pimple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"10461_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alhassan, R. (2016). Mobile learning as a method of ubiquitous Learning: Students\u2019 Attitudes, Readiness, and Possible Barriers to Implementation in Higher Education. Journal of Education and Learning. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/jel.v5n1p176.","DOI":"10.5539\/jel.v5n1p176"},{"key":"10461_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ally, M., & Prieto-Bl\u00e1zquez, J. (2014). What is the future of mobile learning in education? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7238\/rusc.v11i1.2033, 11.","DOI":"10.7238\/rusc.v11i1.2033"},{"key":"10461_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2014.2334606","volume":"14","author":"A Banerjee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Banerjee, A., & Gupta, S. K. S. (2015). Analysis of smart Mobile applications for healthcare under dynamic Context changes. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing., 14, 904\u2013919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TMC.2014.2334606.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing."},{"key":"10461_CR4","unstructured":"Bowen, K., & Pistilli, M. D. (2012). Student preferences for mobile app usage. Research Bulletin (Louisville, CO: EDUCAUSE Center for Applied Research, forthcoming). Available from http:\/\/www.educause.edu\/ecar. Accessed 3 Dec 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"10461_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-007-9204-6","volume":"16","author":"D Cella","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cella, D., Gershon, R., Lai, J.-S., & Choi, S. (2007). The future of outcomes measurement: Item banking, tailored short-forms, and computerized adaptive assessment. Quality of Life Research, 16(1), 133\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11136-007-9204-6.","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"key":"10461_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.04.007","volume":"123","author":"H Crompton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Crompton, H., & Burke, D. (2018). The use of mobile learning in higher education: A systematic review. Computers and Education., 123, 53\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.04.007.","journal-title":"Computers and Education."},{"issue":"2","key":"10461_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2333-8504.2011.tb02262.x","volume":"2011","author":"T Davey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Davey, T., & Lee, Y.-H. (2011). Potential Impact of Context Effects On The Scoring And Equating Of The Multistage Gre\u00ae Revised General Test. ETS Research Report Series, 2011(2), i\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/j.2333-8504.2011.tb02262.x.","journal-title":"ETS Research Report Series"},{"key":"10461_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Filho, N, F, D., & Barbosa, E, F. (2013). A contribution to the quality evaluation of mobile learning environments. Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/FIE.2013.6684851.","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2013.6684851"},{"key":"10461_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.04.824","volume":"182","author":"R Fojtik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fojtik, R. (2015). Ebooks and Mobile devices in education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences., 182, 742\u2013745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.04.824.","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences."},{"key":"10461_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hensler, B, S., & Beck, J. (2006). Better student assessing by finding difficulty factors in a fully automated comprehension measure. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11774303_3.","DOI":"10.1007\/11774303_3"},{"key":"10461_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.008","volume":"49","author":"KC Huff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huff, K. C. (2015). The comparison of mobile devices to computers for web-based assessments. Computers in Human Behavior, 49, 208\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.008.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"10461_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2010.12.002","volume":"56","author":"G-J Hwang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hwang, G.-J., & Chang, H.-F. (2011). A formative assessment-based mobile learning approach to improving the learning attitudes and achievements of students. Computers & Education, 56(4), 1023\u20131031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2010.12.002.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10461_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Intisar, C, M., & Watanobe, Y. (2018). Cluster analysis to estimate the difficulty of programming problems. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3274856.3274862.","DOI":"10.1145\/3274856.3274862"},{"key":"10461_CR14","unstructured":"Kaliisa, R., & Picard, M. (2017). A systematic review on mobile learning in higher education: The African perspective. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology (TOJET), 16(1), 1\u201318."},{"key":"10461_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.17705\/1cais.03606","volume":"36","author":"V Krotov","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krotov, V. (2015). Critical success factors in m -learning: A socio-technical perspective. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 36, 105\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17705\/1cais.03606.","journal-title":"Communications of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"10461_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krull, G., & Duart, J, M. (2017). Research trends in mobile learning in higher education: A systematic review of articles (2011 - 2015). International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v18i7.2893.","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v18i7.2893"},{"key":"10461_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lai, A., & Chen, C. (2013). Mobile-based peer assessment APP and elementary students\u2019 perception: Project works of computer curriculum as an example. 2013 IEEE 13th international conference on advanced learning technologies, 489\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICALT.2013.156.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2013.156"},{"issue":"4","key":"10461_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v16i4.2355","volume":"16","author":"SS Liaw","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liaw, S. S., & Huang, H. M. (2015). How factors of personal attitudes and learning environments affect gender difference toward mobile distance learning acceptance. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 16(4), 104\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v16i4.2355.","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning"},{"key":"10461_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-005-6995-3","volume":"8","author":"D Metzler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Metzler, D., & Croft, W. B. (2005). Analysis of statistical question classification for fact-based questions. Information Retrieval., 8, 481\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10791-005-6995-3.","journal-title":"Information Retrieval."},{"key":"10461_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2014.10.007","volume":"28","author":"A Mishra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mishra, A., & Jain, S. K. (2016). A survey on question answering systems with classification. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 28, 345\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jksuci.2014.10.007.","journal-title":"Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences"},{"key":"10461_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mosa, A, S, M., Yoo, I., & Sheets, L. (2012). A systematic review of healthcare applications for smartphones. In BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6947-12-67, 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-12-67"},{"key":"10461_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.02.005","volume":"109","author":"SA Nikou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nikou, S. A., & Economides, A. A. (2017). Mobile-based assessment: Investigating the factors that influence behavioral intention to use. Computers & Education, 109, 56\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.02.005.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"10461_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-017-9613-2","volume":"23","author":"SS Oyelere","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oyelere, S. S., Suhonen, J., Wajiga, G. M., & Sutinen, E. (2018). Design, development, and evaluation of a mobile learning application for computing education. Education and Information Technologies, 23(1), 467\u2013495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-017-9613-2.","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"10461_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pachler, N., Cook, J., Bachmair, B., Kress, G., Seipold, J., Adami, E., & Rummler, K. (2010). Mobile learning: Structures, agency, practices. In Mobile Learning: Structures, Agency, Practices. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4419-0585-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0585-7"},{"key":"10461_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pado, U. (2018). Question Difficulty \u2013 How to Estimate Without Norming, How to Use for Automated Grading. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/w17-5001.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/w17-5001"},{"key":"10461_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perez, E, V., Santos, L, M, R., Perez, M, J, V., De Castro Fernandez, J, P., & Martin, R, G. (2012). Automatic classification of question difficulty level: Teachers\u2019 estimation vs. students\u2019 perception. Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/FIE.2012.6462398.","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2012.6462398"},{"key":"10461_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez, E, V, Santos, L, M, R., P\u00e9rez, M, J, V, Fern\u00e1ndez, J, P. de C., & Mart\u00edn, R, G. (2012). Automatic classification of question difficulty level: Teachers\u2019 estimation vs. students\u2019 perception. 2012 Frontiers in Education Conference Proceedings, 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/FIE.2012.6462398","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2012.6462398"},{"key":"10461_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/exsy.12182","volume":"33","author":"I Perikos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perikos, I., Grivokostopoulou, F., Kovas, K., & Hatzilygeroudis, I. (2016). Automatic estimation of exercises\u2019 difficulty levels in a tutoring system for teaching the conversion of natural language into first-order logic. Expert Systems., 33, 569\u2013580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exsy.12182.","journal-title":"Expert Systems."},{"key":"10461_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.05.057","volume":"63","author":"C Pimmer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pimmer, C., Mateescu, M., & Gr\u00f6hbiel, U. (2016). Mobile and ubiquitous learning in higher education settings. A systematic review of empirical studies. In Computers in Human Behavior., 63, 490\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2016.05.057.","journal-title":"A systematic review of empirical studies. In Computers in Human Behavior."},{"key":"10461_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Quinc, I., & Nac, E. (2011). An investigation of reference question difficulty over time. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17615\/j4pv-hw82.","DOI":"10.17615\/j4pv-hw82"},{"issue":"4","key":"10461_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.20242","volume":"17","author":"C Romero","year":"2009","unstructured":"Romero, C., Ventura, S., & De Bra, P. (2009). Using mobile and web-based computerized tests to evaluate university students. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 17(4), 435\u2013447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cae.20242.","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"key":"10461_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12064","volume":"45","author":"SN \u015ead","year":"2014","unstructured":"\u015ead, S. N., & G\u00f6kta\u015f, \u00d6. (2014). Preservice teachers\u2019 perceptions about using mobile phones and laptops in education as mobile learning tools. British Journal of Educational Technology., 45, 606\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjet.12064.","journal-title":"British Journal of Educational Technology."},{"key":"10461_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sarrab, M., Al-Shihi, H., & Khan, A, I. (2016). An empirical analysis of Mobile learning (M-learning) awareness and acceptance in higher education. 2015 International Conference on Computing and Network Communications, CoCoNet 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CoCoNet.2015.7411307.","DOI":"10.1109\/CoCoNet.2015.7411307"},{"key":"10461_CR34","unstructured":"Sharples, M. (2013). Mobile learning: Research, practice and challenges. Distance Education in China 3(5), 5\u201311."},{"key":"10461_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/s007790200021","volume":"6","author":"M Sharples","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sharples, M., Corlett, D., & Westmancott, O. (2002). The design and implementation of a mobile learning resource. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing., 6, 220\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s007790200021.","journal-title":"Personal and Ubiquitous Computing."},{"key":"10461_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singhal, R., Goyal, S., & Henz, M. (2017). User-defined difficulty levels for automated question generation. Proceedings - 2016 IEEE 28th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, ICTAI 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICTAI.2016.0129.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTAI.2016.0129"},{"key":"10461_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sullivan, T. (2001). Locating question difficulty through explorations in question space. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/379437.379669.","DOI":"10.1145\/379437.379669"},{"key":"10461_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2015.11.008","volume":"94","author":"YT Sung","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sung, Y. T., Chang, K. E., & Liu, T. C. (2016). The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students\u2019 learning performance: A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Computers and Education, 94, 252\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2015.11.008.","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"key":"10461_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-12-2015-0490","volume":"117","author":"GWH Tan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tan, G. W. H., Lee, V. H., Lin, B., & Ooi, K. B. (2017). Mobile applications in tourism: The future of the tourism industry? Industrial Management and Data Systems., 117, 560\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/IMDS-12-2015-0490.","journal-title":"Industrial Management and Data Systems."},{"issue":"3","key":"10461_CR40","first-page":"874","volume":"9","author":"K Thamadharan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thamadharan, K., & Maarop, N. (2015). The acceptance of E-assessment considering security perspective: Work in Progress. International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Economics, Business and Industrial Engineering, 9(3), 874\u2013879 http:\/\/www.waset.org\/publications\/10000820.","journal-title":"International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Economics, Business and Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"5\/6","key":"10461_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1108\/ILS-04-2020-0089","volume":"121","author":"H Tony","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tony, H., Cornelia, C., Se\u00e1n, \u00d3. G., Kevin, B., Matthew, K., Sandy, S., Jeroen, B., Gerton, C., Wouter, H., Marie, E., Ton, K., Eria, M., & Panagiotis, K. (2020). Education in precarious times: A comparative study across six countries to identify design priorities for mobile learning in a pandemic. Information and Learning Sciences, 121(5\/6), 433\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ILS-04-2020-0089.","journal-title":"Information and Learning Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10461_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.7238\/rusc.v12i1.1944","volume":"12","author":"JC Torres Diaz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Torres Diaz, J. C., Torres Carri\u00f3n, P. V., & Infante Moro, A. (2015). Mobile learning: Perspectives. RUSC. Universities and Knowledge Society Journal, 12(1), 38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7238\/rusc.v12i1.1944.","journal-title":"RUSC. Universities and Knowledge Society Journal"},{"key":"10461_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Uther, M. (2019). Mobile learning\u2014Trends and practices. Education Sciences. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci9010033, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci9010033"},{"issue":"2","key":"10461_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2006.05.001","volume":"1","author":"G van de Watering","year":"2006","unstructured":"van de Watering, G., & van der Rijt, J. (2006). Teachers\u2019 and students\u2019 perceptions of assessments: A review and a study into the ability and accuracy of estimating the difficulty levels of assessment items. Educational Research Review, 1(2), 133\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.edurev.2006.05.001.","journal-title":"Educational Research Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10461_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8535.2007.00809.x","volume":"40","author":"Y-S Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang, Y.-S., Wu, M.-C., & Wang, H.-Y. (2009). Investigating the determinants and age and gender differences in the acceptance of mobile learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 40(1), 92\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-8535.2007.00809.x.","journal-title":"British Journal of Educational Technology"},{"key":"10461_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, Q., Liu, J., Wang, B., & Guo, L. (2014). A regularized competition model for question difficulty estimation in community question answering services. EMNLP 2014\u20132014 Conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, Proceedings of the Conference. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3115\/v1\/d14-1118.","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/d14-1118"},{"key":"10461_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1108\/00907321211203667","volume":"40","author":"SHR Wong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wong, S. H. R. (2012). Which platform do our users prefer: Website or mobile app? Reference Services Review., 40, 103\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/00907321211203667.","journal-title":"Reference Services Review."},{"key":"10461_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-63558-3_38","volume-title":"Automatically difficulty grading method based on knowledge tree","author":"J Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Liu, C., Yang, H., Feng, F., & Gong, X. (2017). Automatically difficulty grading method based on knowledge tree. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-63558-3_38."}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10461-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10461-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10461-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T22:39:08Z","timestamp":1744151948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10461-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10461-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The authors of this research study declare that there is NO conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}