{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T03:38:02Z","timestamp":1780544282287,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005203","name":"OeAD-GmbH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MPC-2020-01133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MPC-2020-01133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10635-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T08:02:59Z","timestamp":1625212979000},"page":"979-995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The strengths and weaknesses of user-generated microgames for assisting learning"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5175-1187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imam Fitri","family":"Rahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3701-5068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Lavicza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4984-6456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selay","family":"Ark\u00fcn Kocadere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2899-3310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony","family":"Houghton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0316-2529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Hohenwarter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"10635_CR1","unstructured":"About GeoGebra. (2020, January 14). GeoGebra. https:\/\/www.geogebra.org\/about"},{"key":"10635_CR2","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"F Bellotti","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bellotti, F., Berta, R., De Gloria, A., Ferretti, E., & Margarone, M. (2004). Microgames for a compelling interaction with the cultural heritage. Archives & Museum Informatics, 2, 1\u201316.","journal-title":"Archives & Museum Informatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10635_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2011.04.007","volume":"57","author":"C Brom","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brom, C., Preuss, M., & Klement, D. (2011). Are educational computer micro-games engaging and effective for knowledge acquisition at high-schools? A quasi-experimental study. Computers & Education, 57(3), 1971\u20131988.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"10635_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.02.025","volume":"48","author":"C Brom","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brom, C., Lev\u010d\u00edk, D., Buchtov\u00e1, M., & Klement, D. (2015). Playing educational micro-games at high schools: Individually or collectively? Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 682\u2013694.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"10635_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buchtov\u00e1, M., \u0160isler, V., & Brom, C. (2013). Educational games and simulations at school: Experimental comparison with classic teaching methods and requirements of successful implementation into school environment and curricula. Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Interaction Design in Educational Environments, 1, 125\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0004597301250132.","DOI":"10.5220\/0004597301250132"},{"key":"10635_CR6","unstructured":"Castelijn, J. (2017). Improving Massive Courses with Micro Games: The Effect of Small Serious Games on Student Retention in MOOCs [Master Thesis, Delft University of Technology]. https:\/\/repository.tudelft.nl\/islandora\/object\/uuid%3Afe27c4c0-a809-446f-8dbd-57ea2a340fc1."},{"issue":"08","key":"10635_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3991\/ijet.v16i08.19795","volume":"16","author":"S Chai-Arayalert","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chai-Arayalert, S., & Puttinaovarat, S. (2021). A digital micro-game approach to improve the learning of hand-weaving art and history. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 16(08), 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijet.v16i08.19795","journal-title":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10635_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.03.004","volume":"59","author":"TM Connolly","year":"2012","unstructured":"Connolly, T. M., Boyle, E. A., MacArthur, E., Hainey, T., & Boyle, J. M. (2012). A systematic literature review of empirical evidence on computer games and serious games. Computers & Education, 59(2), 661\u2013686.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"10635_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878110390784","volume":"41","author":"D Crookall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Crookall, D. (2010). Serious games, debriefing, and simulation\/gaming as a discipline. Simulation & Gaming, 41(6), 898\u2013920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1046878110390784","journal-title":"Simulation & Gaming"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10635_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878114559879","volume":"45","author":"D Crookall","year":"2014","unstructured":"Crookall, D. (2014). Engaging (in) gameplay and (in) debriefing. Simulation & Gaming, 45(4\u20135), 416\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1046878114559879","journal-title":"Simulation & Gaming"},{"issue":"2","key":"10635_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1080\/15252019.2008.10722139","volume":"8","author":"T Daugherty","year":"2008","unstructured":"Daugherty, T., Eastin, M. S., & Bright, L. (2008). Exploring consumer motivations for creating user-generated content. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 8(2), 16\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15252019.2008.10722139","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Advertising"},{"issue":"4","key":"10635_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1080\/17439880601021967","volume":"31","author":"SI de Freitas","year":"2006","unstructured":"de Freitas, S. I. (2006). Using games and simulations for supporting learning. Learning, Media and Technology, 31(4), 343\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17439880601021967","journal-title":"Learning, Media and Technology"},{"key":"10635_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40612-1_1","volume-title":"Serious games","author":"R D\u00f6rner","year":"2016","unstructured":"D\u00f6rner, R., G\u00f6bel, S., Effelsberg, W., & Wiemeyer, J. (2016). Introduction. In R. D\u00f6rner, S. G\u00f6bel, W. Effelsberg, & J. Wiemeyer (Eds.), Serious games (pp. 1\u201334). Springer International Publishing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-40612-1_1"},{"key":"10635_CR14","unstructured":"EDUCAUSE. (2020). 2020 EDUCAUSE horizon report: Teaching and learning edition (pp. 1\u201358). EDUCAUSE."},{"issue":"4","key":"10635_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878102238607","volume":"33","author":"R Garris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Garris, R., Ahlers, R., & Driskell, J. E. (2002). Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model. Simulation & Gaming, 33(4), 441\u2013467.","journal-title":"Simulation & Gaming"},{"issue":"2","key":"10635_CR16","first-page":"108","volume":"15","author":"BG Glaser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Glaser, B. G. (2016). Open coding descriptions. Grounded Theory Review, 15(2), 108\u2013110.","journal-title":"Grounded Theory Review"},{"key":"10635_CR17","unstructured":"Hicks, D., Liu, Z., Eagle, M., & Barnes, T. (2016). Measuring Gameplay Affordances of User-Generated Content in an Educational Game. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 9, 78\u201385. https:\/\/eric.ed.gov\/?id=ED592703."},{"key":"10635_CR18","unstructured":"Huang, R., Liu, D., Tlili, A., Knyazeva, S., Chang, T. W., Zhang, X., Burgos, D., Jemni, M., Zhang, M., & Zhuang, R. (2020). Guidance on open educational practices during school closures: Utilizing OER under COVID-19 pandemic in line with Unesco OER recommendation. Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University."},{"key":"10635_CR19","unstructured":"Hug, T. (2005). Micro learning and narration. The Proceedings of Fourth Media in Transition Conference, 1\u201313."},{"key":"10635_CR20","unstructured":"Hug, T., & Friesen, N. (2007). Outline of a microlearning agenda. In Didactics of microlearning. Concepts, discourses and examples (pp. 15\u201331)."},{"issue":"4","key":"10635_CR21","first-page":"41","volume":"13","author":"AJ Hussein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hussein, A. J., & Alhayek, S. K. (2012). The effect of using micro-games of volleyball in improving some life, movement, and performance skills for sixth grade students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 13(4), 41\u201365.","journal-title":"Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10635_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2009.09.003","volume":"53","author":"AM Kaplan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bushor.2009.09.003","journal-title":"Business Horizons"},{"key":"10635_CR23","volume-title":"Microlearning: short and sweet","author":"K Kapp","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kapp, K., & DeFelice, R. (2019). Microlearning: short and sweet. ATD Press."},{"issue":"4","key":"10635_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2008.85","volume":"7","author":"J Krumm","year":"2008","unstructured":"Krumm, J., Davies, N., & Narayanaswami, C. (2008). User-generated content. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 7(4), 10\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MPRV.2008.85","journal-title":"IEEE Pervasive Computing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10635_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878116635468","volume":"47","author":"H Lukosch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lukosch, H., Kurapati, S., Groen, D., & Verbraeck, A. (2016). Microgames for situated learning: A case study in interdependent planning. Simulation & Gaming, 47(3), 346\u2013367.","journal-title":"Simulation & Gaming"},{"key":"10635_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9427.001.0001","volume-title":"Computer games for learning: An evidence-based approach","author":"RE Mayer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mayer, R. E. (2014). Computer games for learning: An evidence-based approach. The MIT Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"10635_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1177\/2372732215621311","volume":"3","author":"RE Mayer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mayer, R. E. (2016). What should be the role of computer games in education? Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(1), 20\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2372732215621311","journal-title":"Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10635_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010418-102744","volume":"70","author":"RE Mayer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mayer, R. E. (2019). Computer games in education. Annual Review of Psychology, 70(1), 531\u2013549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-psych-010418-102744","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"10635_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.05.023","volume":"63","author":"M Qian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Qian, M., & Clark, K. R. (2016). Game-based Learning and 21st century skills: A review of recent research. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 50\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2016.05.023","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"10635_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rahmadi, I. F., Lavicza, Z., & Houghton, T. (2021). Towards user-generated microgames for supporting learning: An investigative exploration. Contemporary Educational Technology, 13(3), 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30935\/cedtech\/10785","DOI":"10.30935\/cedtech\/10785"},{"key":"10635_CR31","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of terminology for educational communications and technology","year":"2013","unstructured":"Richey, R. (Ed.). (2013). Encyclopedia of terminology for educational communications and technology. Springer."},{"key":"10635_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Routledge, H. (2009). Games-Based Learning in the Classroom and How it can Work! In Games-based learning advancements for multi-sensory human computer interfaces: Techniques and effective practices (pp. 274\u2013286). IGI Global.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60566-360-9.ch016"},{"issue":"2","key":"10635_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2012.01.002","volume":"26","author":"AN Smith","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smith, A. N., Fischer, E., & Yongjian, C. (2012). How does brand-related user-generated content differ across YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(2), 102\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intmar.2012.01.002","journal-title":"Journal of Interactive Marketing"},{"key":"10635_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984249","author":"RA Stebbins","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stebbins, R. A. (2001). Exploratory research in the social sciences. SAGE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4135\/9781412984249","journal-title":"SAGE"},{"issue":"5","key":"10635_CR35","first-page":"18","volume":"23","author":"HD Stolovitch","year":"1978","unstructured":"Stolovitch, H. D. (1978). Minigames and microgames for everyone. Audiovisual Instruction, 23(5), 18\u201320.","journal-title":"Audiovisual Instruction"},{"key":"10635_CR36","volume-title":"The third wave: The classic study of tomorrow","author":"A Toffler","year":"1980","unstructured":"Toffler, A. (1980). The third wave: The classic study of tomorrow. Bantam Books."},{"key":"10635_CR37","unstructured":"UNESCO. (2002). Forum on the impact of open courseware for higher education in developing countries: Final report (CI-2002\/CONF.803\/CLD.1; pp. 1\u201330). UNESCO. https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/images\/0012\/001285\/128515e.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10635_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1177\/0163443708098245","volume":"31","author":"J van Dijck","year":"2009","unstructured":"van Dijck, J. (2009). Users like you? Theorizing agency in user-generated content. Media, Culture & Society, 31(1), 41\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0163443708098245","journal-title":"Media, Culture & Society"},{"key":"10635_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Van Rosmalen, P., Boyle, E. A., Van der Baaren, J., K\u00e4rki, A. I., & del Blanco Aguado, \u00c1. (2014). A case study on the design and development of minigames for research methods and statistics. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Game-Based Learning, 1(3), e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4108\/sg.1.3.e5.","DOI":"10.4108\/sg.1.3.e5"},{"key":"10635_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40299-020-00523-z","author":"M Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, M., & Zheng, X. (2020). Using game-based learning to support learning science: A study with Middle School Students. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40299-020-00523-z","journal-title":"The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher"},{"key":"10635_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu, Z., Gao, M., & Wang, L. (2020). The effect of educational games on learning outcomes, student motivation, engagement and satisfaction. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 1\u201325,. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0735633120969214","DOI":"10.1177\/0735633120969214"},{"key":"10635_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., & Qin, L. (2021). InterRings: Towards understanding design micro-games to fit daily work routine. Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3411763.3451733","DOI":"10.1145\/3411763.3451733"},{"key":"10635_CR43","unstructured":"Z\u00f6chbauer, J., & Hohenwarter, M. (2020). Developing a collaboration tool to give every student a voice in a classroom discussion. Seventh ERME Topic Conference on Language in the Mathematics Classroom, 1, 195\u2013202."}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10635-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10635-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10635-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T22:50:36Z","timestamp":1744152636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10635-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10635"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10635-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All collected data is used only for research purposes and the teachers voluntarily participated in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}