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Hand hygiene training in hospitals typically involves one classroom session per year, but psychomotor skills require repetition and feedback for retention. We describe the design and independent evaluation of a mobile interactive augmented reality training tool for the World Health Organisation (WHO) hand hygiene technique. The design was based on a detailed analysis of the underlying educational theory relating to psychomotor skills learning. During the evaluation forty-seven subjects used AR hand hygiene training over 4\u00a0weeks. Hand hygiene proficiency was assessed at weekly intervals, both electronically and via human inspection. Thirty\u00a0eight participants (81%) reached proficiency after 24.3 (SD\u2009=\u200917.8) two-minute practice sessions. The study demonstrated that interactive mobile applications could empower learners to develop hand hygiene skills independently. Healthcare organizations could improve hand hygiene quality by using self-directed skills-based training combined with regular ward-based assessments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10752-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T09:21:36Z","timestamp":1633944096000},"page":"3813-3832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Psychomotor learning theory informing the design and evaluation of an interactive augmented reality hand hygiene training app for healthcare workers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1923-6852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerard","family":"Lacey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5769-1530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucyna","family":"Gozdzielewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4561-9619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kareena","family":"McAloney-Kocaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Ruttle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8718-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean","family":"Cronin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5678-4818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lesley","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10752_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2013.02.004","volume":"84","author":"A Higgins","year":"2013","unstructured":"Higgins, A., & Higgins, M. 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