{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:58:59Z","timestamp":1777406339739,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009092","name":"Universidad de Alicante","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cyberbullying has generated interest for researchers in the field of psychology and education in recent years. While most studies have focused on samples of adolescents, the university environment also deserves special attention due to its serious consequences on students. It is therefore very important to prevent cyberbullying in the context of university. The objectives of this study were to identify different profiles regarding cyberbullying and cybervictimization behaviors and examine the relationship between cyberbullying, social anxiety, and aggressiveness. A total of 1,368 university students participated in the study by completing the <jats:italic>European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (EBIPQ)<\/jats:italic>, the <jats:italic>Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Adults (CASO-A30),<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>Aggression Questionnaire<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>AQ)<\/jats:italic>. The latent profile analysis identified three cyberbullying profiles: a first group with low scores in cyberaggression and cybervictimization (not involved; 87.6%), a second group with moderately high scores in cyberaggression and cybervictimization (victimized cyberbullies; 10%), and a third group with high scores in cybervictimization and very high scores in cyberaggression (cyberbullies; 2.4%). The profile of \u201cvictimized cyberbullies\u201d students presents higher scores in physical, verbal, anger, and hostility than the group of \u201cnot involved\u201d students, while no differences in social anxiety were found between the groups analysed. Cyberbullying preventive programs should focus on the management of aggressive behaviors for those who have moderate scores in cybervictimization and cyberbullying behaviors, and social anxiety may not be differentiated between cyberbullying groups at this academic stage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11725-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T10:03:04Z","timestamp":1679652184000},"page":"13269-13285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Latent profiles of cyberbullying among university students and its relationship with social anxiety and aggressiveness"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5970-2419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Aparisi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa Mar\u00eda","family":"Bo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"11725_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Author","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"11725_CR2","unstructured":"Andrade, B., Guadix, I., Rial, A., & Su\u00e1rez, F. (2021). Impact of technology on adolescence. Relationships, risks and opportunities. UNICEF Spain"},{"key":"11725_CR3","first-page":"476","volume":"14","author":"JM Andreu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Andreu, J. M., Pe\u00f1a, M. E., & Grana, J. L. (2002). Psychometric adaptation of the Spanish version of the Aggression Questionnaire. Psicothema, 14, 476\u2013482.","journal-title":"Psicothema"},{"key":"11725_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bernardo, A. B., G\u00e1lvez-Gonz\u00e1lez, C., Cervero, A., & Tuero, E. (2022). Cyberbullying in first-year university students and its influence on their intentions to drop out. Higher Education Research & Development,\u00a042(2), 275\u2013289.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07294360.2022.2057447","DOI":"10.1080\/07294360.2022.2057447"},{"issue":"28","key":"11725_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3916\/C64-2020-06","volume":"64","author":"AB Bernardo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bernardo, A. B., Tuero, E., Cervero, A., Dobarro, A., & Galve-Gonz\u00e1lez, C. (2020). Bullying and cyberbullying: Variables influencing university dropout rates. Comunicar, 64(28), 63\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3916\/C64-2020-06","journal-title":"Comunicar"},{"key":"11725_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brighi, A., Ortega, R., Pyzalski, J., Scheithauer, H., Smith, P. K., Tsormpatzoudis, C., Thompson, J. (2012). European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (EBIPQ) (Unpublished manuscript). University of Bologna","DOI":"10.1037\/t66195-000"},{"issue":"3","key":"11725_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.3.452","volume":"63","author":"AH Buss","year":"1992","unstructured":"Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(3), 452\u2013459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.63.3.452","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"11725_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buss, A. H., & Durkee, A. (1957). An inventory for assessing different kinds of hostility. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21(4), 343\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0046900","DOI":"10.1037\/h0046900"},{"key":"11725_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caballo, V. E., Salazar, I. C., Arias, B., Irurtia, M. J., Calderero, M., & the CISO-A Research Team Spain. (2010). Validation of the Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Adults (SAQ-A30) with Spanish university students: Similarities and differences among degree subjects and regions. Behavioural Psychology\/Psicolog\u00eda Conductual, 18, 5\u201334.","DOI":"10.1037\/t01344-000"},{"key":"11725_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cho, B., & Lee, H. (2020). Typologies and Characteristics of Cyberbullying Victims among youths using Latent Class Analysis. Forum For Youth Culture, 61, 125\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17854\/ffyc.2020.01.61.125","DOI":"10.17854\/ffyc.2020.01.61.125"},{"issue":"5","key":"11725_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2021.07.004","volume":"35","author":"S Cimke","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cimke, S., & Cerit, E. (2021). Social media addiction, cyberbullying and cybervictimization of university students. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35(5), 499\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apnu.2021.07.004","journal-title":"Archives of Psychiatric Nursing"},{"key":"11725_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.04.048","volume":"86","author":"VA Coelho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coelho, V. A., & Romao, A. M. (2018). The relation between social anxiety, social withdrawal and (cyber)bullying roles: A multilevel analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 86, 218\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2018.04.048","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"11725_CR13","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"J Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.","edition":"2"},{"key":"11725_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cuadrado, I., Fern\u00e1ndez, I., & Mart\u00edn-Mora, G. (2019). Can victims of bullying become cyberspace bullies? Study in adolescent population. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 9(2), 71-81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30552\/ejihpe.v9i2.321","DOI":"10.30552\/ejihpe.v9i2.321"},{"key":"11725_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.065","volume":"50","author":"R Del Rey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Del Rey, R., Casas, J. A., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., Scheithauer, H., Smith, P., Thompson, F., Barkouskis, V., Tsorbatzouudis, H., Brighi, A., Guarini, A., Pyzalski, J., & Plichta, P. (2015). Structural validation and cross-cultural robust-ness of the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 141\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.03.065","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"11725_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01916","volume":"10","author":"B Delgado","year":"2019","unstructured":"Delgado, B., Mart\u00ednez-Monteagudo, M. C., Ruiz-Esteban, C., & Rubio, E. (2019). Latent Class Analysis of School Refusal Behavior and Its Relationship With Cyberbullying During Adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01916","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"11725_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2020.101379","volume":"51","author":"R Dennehy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dennehy, R., Meanney, S., Walsh, K. A., Sinnott, C., Cronin, M., & Arensman, E. (2020). Young people\u2019s conceptualizations of the nature of cyberbullying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 51, 101379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2020.101379","journal-title":"Aggression and Violent Behavior"},{"key":"11725_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.113908","volume":"300","author":"C De Pasquale","year":"2021","unstructured":"De Pasquale, C., Martinelli, V., Sciacca, F., Mazzone, M., Chiappedi, M., Dinaro, C., & Hichy, Z. (2021). The role of mood states in cyberbullying and cybervictimization behaviors in adolescents. Psychiatry Research, 300, 113908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2021.113908","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"issue":"10","key":"11725_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2019.0031","volume":"22","author":"A DeSmet","year":"2019","unstructured":"DeSmet, A., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Walrave, M., & Vandebosch, H. (2019). Associations between bystander reactions to cyberbullying and victims\u2019 emotional experiences and mental health. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 22(10), 648\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2019.0031","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking"},{"key":"11725_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-014-9348-2","volume":"21","author":"S Eden","year":"2016","unstructured":"Eden, S., Heiman, T., & Olenik-Shemesh, D. (2016). Bully versus victim on the internet: The correlation with emotional-social characteristics. Education and Information Technologies, 21, 699\u2013713. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-014-9348-2","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"11725_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.06.006","volume":"59","author":"AE Fahy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fahy, A. E., Stansfeld, S. A., Smuk, M., & Smith, N. R. (2016). Longitudinal Associations Between Cyberbullying Involvement and Adolescent Mental Health. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59, 502\u2013509. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.06.006","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent Health"},{"key":"11725_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Feijo\u00f3, S., Foody, M., O\u00b4Higgins, J., Pichel, R., & Rial, A. (2021). Cyberbullies, the Cyberbullied, and Problematic Internet Use: Some Reasonable Similarities. Psicothema, 33(2), 198-205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7334\/psicothema2020.209","DOI":"10.7334\/psicothema2020.209"},{"issue":"5","key":"11725_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444820905531","volume":"23","author":"PD Ferreira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferreira, P. D., Simao, A. M., Pereira, N. S., Paulino, P., & Oliveira, S. (2021). Online verbal aggression, social relationships, and self-efficacy beliefs. New Media & Society, 23(5), 960\u2013981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1461444820905531","journal-title":"New Media & Society"},{"key":"11725_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.5209\/rev_SJOP.2011.v14.n2.49","volume":"14","author":"J Garc\u00eda","year":"2011","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda, J., Ortega, E., & De la Fuente, L. (2011). The use of the effect size in JCR Spanish Journals of Psychology: From theory to Fact. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 14, 1050\u20131055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5209\/rev_SJOP.2011.v14.n2.49","journal-title":"Spanish Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"11725_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giumetti, G. W., Kowalski, R. M., & Feinn, R. S. (2022). Predictors and outcomes of cyberbullying among college students: A two wave study. Aggressive Behavior, 48(1), 40\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.21992","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21992"},{"issue":"2","key":"11725_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/15388220.2020.1862674","volume":"20","author":"SY Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo, S. Y., Liu, J., & Wang, J. D. (2021). Cyberbullying Roles Among Adolescents: A Social-Ecological Theory Perspective. Journal of School Violence, 20(2), 167\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15388220.2020.1862674","journal-title":"Journal of School Violence"},{"issue":"1","key":"11725_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/02673843.2021.1886952","volume":"26","author":"SR Hamzah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hamzah, S. R., Le, K. K., & Musa, S. N. S. (2021). The mediating role of career decision self-efficacy on the relationship of career emotional intelligence and self-esteem with career adaptability among university students. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 26(1), 83\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02673843.2021.1886952","journal-title":"International Journal of Adolescence and Youth"},{"key":"11725_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-015-9375-7","volume":"21","author":"T Heiman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heiman, T., & Olenik-Shemesh, D. (2016). Computer-based communication and cyberbullying involvement in the sample of Arab teenagers. Education and Information Technologies, 21, 1183\u20131196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-015-9375-7","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"3","key":"11725_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/bjdp.12374","volume":"39","author":"LA Henricks","year":"2021","unstructured":"Henricks, L. A., Pouwels, J. L., Lansu, T. A. M., Lange, W. G., Becker, E. S., & Klein, A. M. (2021). Prospective associations between social status and social anxiety in early adolescence. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 39(3), 462\u2013480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjdp.12374","journal-title":"British Journal of Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"11725_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hu, R., Xue, J., & Han, Z. Q. (2021). School bullying victimization and perpetration among Chinese adolescents: A latent class approach. Children and Youth Services Review, 120, 105709. 105709.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105709"},{"key":"11725_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kaur, M., & Saini, M. (2022). Indian government initiatives on cyberbullying: A case study on cyberbullying in Indian higher education institutions. Education and Information Technologies,\u00a028, 581\u2013615.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-022-11168-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11168-4"},{"key":"11725_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khine A.T., Saw Y. M., Htut Z. Y., Khaing C. T., Soe H. Z., Swe K. K., Thike, Th., Htet, H., Saw, T. N., Cho, S. M., Kariya, T., Yamamoto, E., & Hamajima, N. (2020). Assessing risk factors and impact of cyberbullying victimization among university students in Myanmar: A crosssectional study. PLoS ONE, 15(1), 1\u201316, 0227051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0227051","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227051"},{"key":"11725_CR33","volume-title":"Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age","author":"RM Kowalski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kowalski, R. M., Limber, S. E., & Agatston, P. W. (2012). Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.","edition":"2"},{"key":"11725_CR34","volume-title":"Manual for the Social Anxiety Scales for Children and Adolescents Revised","author":"AM La Greca","year":"1999","unstructured":"La Greca, A. M. (1999). Manual for the Social Anxiety Scales for Children and Adolescents Revised. University of Miami."},{"issue":"3","key":"11725_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1007\/s12310-021-09411-3","volume":"13","author":"J Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee, J., Cheung, H. S., Chee, G., & Chai, V. E. (2021). The Moderating Roles of Empathy and Attachment on the Association Between Latent Class Typologies of Bullying Involvement and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Singapore. School Mental Health, 13(3), 518\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12310-021-09411-3","journal-title":"School Mental Health"},{"key":"11725_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483250","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.483250","volume":"12","author":"ANM Leung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leung, A. N. M. (2021). To Help or Not to Help: Intervening in Cyberbullying Among Chinese Cyber-Bystanders. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 483250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.483250","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"11725_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5079","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16245079","volume":"16","author":"MC Mart\u00ednez-Monteagudo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Monteagudo, M. C., Delgado, B., Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez, J. M., & Rubio, E. (2019). Cyberbullying, Aggressiveness, and Emotional Intelligence in Adolescence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 5079. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16245079","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"11725_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17020406","volume":"17","author":"MC Mart\u00ednez-Monteagudo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Monteagudo, M. C., Delgado, B., Ingl\u00e9s, C. J., & Escortell, R. (2020). Cyberbullying and Social Anxiety: A Latent Class Analysis among Spanish Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17020406","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"11725_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.12.436","volume":"9","author":"CD MacDonald","year":"2010","unstructured":"MacDonald, C. D., & Roberts-Pittman, B. (2010). Cyberbullying among college students: Prevalence and demographic differences. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 9, 2003\u20132009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2010.12.436","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"19","key":"11725_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7041","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17197041","volume":"17","author":"I M\u00e9ndez","year":"2020","unstructured":"M\u00e9ndez, I., Jorquera, A. B., Ruiz-Esteban, C., & Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez, J. M. (2020). Profiles of Problematic Internet Use in Bullying and Cyberbullying among Adolescents. International Journal Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17197041","journal-title":"International Journal Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"29","key":"11725_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3916\/C67-2021-04","volume":"67","author":"A N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2021","unstructured":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez, A., \u00c1lvarez-Garc\u00eda, D., & P\u00e9rez-Fuentes, M. C. (2021). Anxiety and self-esteem in cyber-victimization profiles of adolescents. Comunicar, 67(29), 47\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3916\/C67-2021-04","journal-title":"Comunicar"},{"key":"11725_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ond\u00e9, D., & Alvarado, J. M. (2019). Latent class analysis as a technique for identifying typologies. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology-INFAD Revista de Psicolog\u00eda, 5(1), 251- 260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17060\/ijodaep.2019.n1.v5.1641","DOI":"10.17060\/ijodaep.2019.n1.v5.1641"},{"issue":"2","key":"11725_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-015-0259-3","volume":"45","author":"S Pabian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pabian, S., & Vandebosch, H. (2016). An investigation of short-term longitudinal associations between social anxiety and victimization and perpetration of traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(2), 328\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-015-0259-3","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"key":"11725_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.110809","volume":"177","author":"A Pascual-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pascual-S\u00e1nchez, A., Hickey, N., Mateu, A., Mart\u00ednez-Herves, M., Kramer, T., & Nicholls, D. (2021). Personality traits and self-esteem in traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Personality and Individual Differences, 177, 110809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2021.110809","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"11725_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5455\/PBS.20210114051215","volume":"11","author":"A Peker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Peker, A., & Yildiz, M. N. (2021). Mediating Role of Self-Control in the Relationship between Aggressiveness and Cyber Bullying. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 11(1), 40\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/PBS.20210114051215","journal-title":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"11725_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0241288","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241288","volume":"15","author":"AJ Rodr\u00edguez-Hidalgo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Hidalgo, A. J., Mero, O., Solera, E., Herrera-L\u00f3pez, M., & Calmaestra, J. (2020). Prevalence and psychosocial predictors of cyberaggression and cybervictimization in adolescents: A Spain-Ecuador transcultural study on cyberbullying. Plos One, 15(11), e0241288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0241288","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"11725_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruiz, M. J., S\u00e1ez, G., Villanueva-Moya, L., & Exp\u00f3sito, F. (2021). Adolescent Sexting: The Role of Body Shame, Social Physique Anxiety, and Social Networking Site Addiction. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking,\u00a024(12), 799\u2013805.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2020.0719","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0719"},{"key":"11725_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ruiz-Mart\u00edn, A., Bono-Cabr\u00e9, R., & Magall\u00f3n-Neri, E. (2019). Cyberbullying and social anxiety in adolescents: a systematic review. Revista de Psicolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica con Ni\u00f1os y Adolescentes, 6(1), 9-15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21134\/rpcna.2019.06.1.1","DOI":"10.21134\/rpcna.2019.06.1.1"},{"key":"11725_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659282","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.659282","volume":"12","author":"EC Schade","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schade, E. C., Voracek, M., & Tran, U. S. (2021). The Nexus of the Dark Triad Personality Traits With Cyberbullying, Empathy, and Emotional Intelligence: A Structural-Equation Modeling Approach. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 659282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.659282","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"11725_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sennett, J., Finchilescu, G., Gibson, K., & Strauss, R. (2003). Adjustment of black students at a historically white South African university. Educational Psychology, 23(1), 107-116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.28535\/31-5-155","DOI":"10.28535\/31-5-155"},{"key":"11725_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Skilbred-Fjeld, S., Reme, S. E., & Mossige, S. (2020). Cybe rbullying involvement and mental health problems among late adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 14(1), 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5817\/CP2020-1-5","DOI":"10.5817\/CP2020-1-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"11725_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x","volume":"49","author":"P Smith","year":"2008","unstructured":"Smith, P., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(4), 376\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"},{"key":"11725_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Su\u00e1rez-Garc\u00eda, Z., \u00c1lvarez-Garc\u00eda, D., & Rodr\u00edguez, C. (2020). Predictors of being a victim of bullying in primary school: A systematic review. Revista de Psicolog\u00eda y Educaci\u00f3n, 15(1), 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23923\/rpye2020.01.182","DOI":"10.23923\/rpye2020.01.182"},{"key":"11725_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tanrikulu, I., & Erdur-Baker, O. (2021). Motives Behind Cyberbullying Perpetration: A Test of Uses and Gratifications Theory. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36 (13\u201314), 6699\u20136724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260518819882","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518819882"},{"issue":"6","key":"11725_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2014.301960","volume":"104","author":"N Tippett","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tippett, N., & Wolke, D. (2014). Socioeconomic status and bullying: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 104(6), 48\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/ajph.2014.301960","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"11725_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tong, D. I., & Talwar, V. (2020). Students' moral emotions and judgments of cyberbullying: The influence of previous cyberbullying experiences. Current Psychology,\u00a041, 4200\u20134209.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-020-00916-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-020-00916-9"},{"key":"11725_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vald\u00e9s-Cuervo, A. A., Alcantar-Nieblas, C., Parra-P\u00e9rez, L. G., Torres-Acuna, G. M., \u00c1lvarez-Montero, F. J., & Reyes-Sosa, H. (2021). Unique and interactive effects of guilt and sympathy on bystander aggressive defender intervention in cyberbullying: The mediation of self-regulation. Computers in Human Behavior, 122, 106842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106842"},{"issue":"1","key":"11725_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.05.061","volume":"256","author":"W Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, W., Xie, X., Wang, X., Lei, L., Hu, Q., & Jiang, S. (2019). Cyberbullying and depression among Chinese college students: A moderated mediation model of social anxiety and neuroticism. Journal of Affective Disorders, 256(1), 54\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2019.05.061","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"11725_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wei, H., Ding, H., Liu, M., & He, A. (2022). The relationship between filial piety belief and cyberbullying perpetration among Chinese university students: A conditional process analysis. Current Psychology,\u00a0161.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-022-03518-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-03518-9"},{"key":"11725_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104923","volume":"113","author":"C Yoo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yoo, C. (2021). What are the characteristics of cyberbullying victims and perpetrators among South Korean students and how do their experiences change? Child Abuse & Neglect, 113, 104923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104923","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"11725_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17113967","volume":"17","author":"C Yudes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yudes, C., Rey, L., & Extremera, N. (2020). Predictive Factors of Cyberbullying Perpetration amongst Spanish Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 3967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17113967","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11725-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11725-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11725-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T10:14:59Z","timestamp":1695982499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11725-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["11725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11725-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}]}}