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In total, 1,677 Korean middle school students were selected to participate, and a test tool was used to measure the attitude toward AI. As a result, according to socio-cultural factors, middle school students\u2019 attitudes toward AI were affected differently by gender- or AI-related experiences. In particular, students experiencing difficulties because of socio-cultural factors showed a more positive attitude toward AI if they had an AI education. On the other hand, interest toward AI and programming experience had a significant effect on attitudes toward AI and was not affected by socio-cultural factors. In particular, students with high interest toward AI or experience with block- and text-based programming languages showed significantly positive attitudes toward AI. Hence, the disparity in middle school students\u2019 attitude toward AI according to socio-cultural factors was found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12172-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T08:02:27Z","timestamp":1695283347000},"page":"9907-9935","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Investigation into the Influence of Socio-Cultural Factors on Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2822-7365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong-Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngjun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"12172_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aivaloglou, E., & Hermans, F. 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