{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T22:26:53Z","timestamp":1779143213253,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004961","name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ID Novus N21-207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID Novus N21-207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004961","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004961","name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ID # I004 - IFE001 - C2-T3 \u2013 T"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID # I004 - IFE001 - C2-T3 \u2013 T"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004961","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the context of rapid technological advancements and the increasing availability of Open Educational Resources (OER), there is a growing need to foster complex thinking skills in higher education. The study aims to characterize OER platforms that facilitate the development of such skills, grounded in UNESCO\u2019s recommendations and the evolving definitions of complex thinking. Utilizing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the research focuses on three key questions: the type of open license allowing 5R activities, the technical options based on the ALMS Framework, and the sub-competencies of complex thinking that can be nurtured through OER. The study identifies and categorizes key platforms conducive to the development of complex thinking skills, namely innovative, critical, scientific, and systemic thinking. These platforms are analyzed based on their licensing types and technical capabilities. Findings indicate that most of the platforms studied support 5R activities under Creative Commons licenses, require advanced editing skills, and more than half address multiple subcompetencies of complex thinking. The study concludes that the adaptation, reuse, and redistribution of OER can significantly contribute to fostering complex thinking skills, aligning educational practices with 21st-century demands. Recommendations include the development of frameworks by higher education institutions to normalize OER platforms and meet students\u2019 needs, as well as future research to assess user behavior and sustainability of these platforms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12316-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T12:02:51Z","timestamp":1701432171000},"page":"1173-1199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Reusable educational resources for developing complex thinking on open platforms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8488-5499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Sanabria-Z","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7046-1019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berenice","family":"Alfaro-Ponce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9474-2720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Icela","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1274-706X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Soledad","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"12316_CR1","unstructured":"Abeywardena, I. S. (2012). A report on the reuse and adaptation of Open Educational Resources (OER): An exploration of technologies available. Retrieved February 25th, 2023, from http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11599\/233"},{"issue":"1","key":"12316_CR2","first-page":"21","volume":"19","author":"NJ Alsaleh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alsaleh, N. J. (2020). Teaching critical thinking skills: Literature review. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 19(1), 21\u201339.","journal-title":"Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET"},{"issue":"4","key":"12316_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2017.08.007","volume":"11","author":"M Aria","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive. science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959\u2013975.","journal-title":"Journal of Informetrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"12316_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.5944\/openpraxis.12.4.1139","volume":"12","author":"M Baas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baas, M., & Schuwer, R. (2020). What about reuse? A study on the use of open educational resources in Dutch higher education. Open Praxis, 12(4), 527\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5944\/openpraxis.12.4.1139","journal-title":"Open Praxis"},{"key":"12316_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1007\/s11625-018-0621-y","volume":"13","author":"S Barile","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barile, S., Orecchini, F., Saviano, M., & Farioli, F. (2018). People, technology, and governance for sustainability: The contribution of systems and cyber-systemic thinking. Sustainability Science, 13, 1197\u20131208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11625-018-0621-y","journal-title":"Sustainability Science"},{"key":"12316_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bauer, M. W., & Gaskell, G. (2000). Qualitative researching with text, image and sound: A practical handbook for social research. SAGE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4135\/9781849209731","DOI":"10.4135\/9781849209731"},{"key":"12316_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beuchat, P. N., St\u00fcrz, Y. R., & Lygeros, J. (2019). A teaching system for hands-on quadcopter control. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 52(9), 36\u201341.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.IFACOL.2019.08.120","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IFACOL.2019.08.120"},{"key":"12316_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.6000\/1929-7092.2019.08.14","volume":"8","author":"M Block","year":"2019","unstructured":"Block, M. (2019). Complex environment calls for complex thinking: About knowledge sharing culture. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, 8, 141\u2013152. E-ISSN: 1929\u20137092\/19.","journal-title":"Journal of Reviews on Global Economics"},{"key":"12316_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Blomgren, C., & Henderson, S. (2021). Addressing the K-12 open educational resources awareness niche: A virtual conference response. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 67(1), 68\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11575\/ajer.v67i1.56965","DOI":"10.11575\/ajer.v67i1.56965"},{"key":"12316_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bonaventure, O., De Coninck, Q., Duch\u00eane, F., G\u00e9go, A., Jadin, M., Michel, F., Piraux, M., Poncin, C., & Tilmans, O. (2020). Open educational resources for computer networking. SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 50(3), 38\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3411740.3411746","DOI":"10.1145\/3411740.3411746"},{"issue":"18","key":"12316_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11682","DOI":"10.3390\/SU141811682","volume":"14","author":"S Bulathwela","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bulathwela, S., P\u00e9rez-Ortiz, M., Yilmaz, E., & Shawe-Taylor, J. (2022). Power to the learner: Towards human-intuitive and integrative recommendations with open educational resources. Sustainability, 14(18), 11682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/SU141811682","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"12316_CR12","unstructured":"Campbell, L. M. (2022). Open education and OER in the curriculum. The University of Edinburgh. Retrieved March 19th, 2023, from http:\/\/www.docs.hss.ed.ac.uk\/iad\/Learning_teaching\/CTP\/OER_in_the_Curriculum.pdf"},{"key":"12316_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v27i10.11639","author":"E Christiansen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Christiansen, E., & McNally, M. (2022). Examining the technological and pedagogical elements of select open courseware. First Monday. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5210\/fm.v27i10.11639","journal-title":"First Monday"},{"key":"12316_CR14","unstructured":"Creative Commons. (2020). About CC licenses. Creative Commons.\u00a0https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/share-your-work\/cclicenses\/"},{"key":"12316_CR15","unstructured":"Ehlers, U. D. (2011). Extending the territory: From open educational resources to open educational practices. Journal of Open, Flexible, and Distance Learning, 15(2). Retrieved April 8th, 2023, from http:\/\/www.jofdl.nz\/index.php\/JOFDL\/article\/view\/64"},{"key":"12316_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Engida, G. (2016). How can digital government support the development of knowledge societies? Keynote lecture. 9th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance (ICEGOV2016) Montevideo Uruguay 1\u20133 March 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9781107415324.004","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781107415324.004"},{"key":"12316_CR17","unstructured":"Fadel, C., Bialick, M., & Trilling, B. (2015). A. Four-Dimensional Education: The Competencies Learners Need to Succeed. Center for Curriculum Redesign: 2015; ISBN 978-1-5186-4256-2."},{"key":"12316_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Finlayson, C. (2020). Writing and implementing an open textbook in world regional geography: A case study. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 21(4), 245\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v21i4.4756","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v21i4.4756"},{"key":"12316_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31279","DOI":"10.14201\/eks.31279","volume":"24","author":"FJ Garc\u00eda-Pe\u00f1alvo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Pe\u00f1alvo, F. J. (2023). La percepci\u00f3n De La Inteligencia Artificial en contextos educativos tras El lanzamiento de ChatGPT: disrupci\u00f3n o p\u00e1nico. Education in the Knowledge Society (EKS), 24, e31279\u2013e31279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14201\/eks.31279","journal-title":"Education in the Knowledge Society (EKS)"},{"issue":"3","key":"12316_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.3390\/su14031493","volume":"14","author":"LI Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-P\u00e9rez, L. I., & Ram\u00edrez-Montoya, M. S. (2022). Components of Education 4.0 in 21st century skills frameworks: Systematic review. Sustainability, 14(3), 1493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su14031493","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"12316_CR21","unstructured":"Guzdial, M. (2012). A nice definition of computational thinking, including risks and cyber-security. Computing Education. Retrieved March 16th, 2023, from: http:\/\/computinged.wordpress.com\/2012\/04\/06\/a-nice-definition-of-computational-thinking-including-risks-and-cyber-security\/"},{"key":"12316_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hillman, A. R., Brooks, A. R., Barr, M., & Strycker, J. (2021). Evaluation of Open Educational Resources for an introductory exercise science course.\u00a0The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,\u00a022(2), 72\u201386.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v22i2.50","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v22i2.50"},{"key":"12316_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hinz, M., & Bill, R. (2020). Eine Geocaching-Datenanalyse als offene Lerneinheit f\u00fcr Studierende, Berufst\u00e4tige und Laien \/ A geocaching data analysis as an open learning unit for students, professionals and laypersons. AGIT Journal f\u00fcr Angewandte Geoinformatik, 6, 58\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14627\/537698006","DOI":"10.14627\/537698006"},{"issue":"1","key":"12316_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/AAOUJ-01-2017-0010","volume":"12","author":"SP Karunanayaka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karunanayaka, S. P., & Naidu, S. (2017). A design-based approach to support and nurture open educational practices. Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 12(1), 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/AAOUJ-01-2017-0010","journal-title":"Asian Association of Open Universities Journal"},{"key":"12316_CR25","unstructured":"Khan, A., & Gul, S. (2021). Digital platforms & online teaching-learning: Hobson\u2019s choice in times of Covid-19. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-Journal).\u00a0https:\/\/digitalcommons.unl.edu\/libphilprac\/6415"},{"key":"12316_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim, D., Lee, Y., Leite, W. L., & Huggins-Manley, A. C. (2020). Exploring student and teacher usage patterns associated with student attrition in an open educational resource-supported online learning platform. Computers\n& Education, 156, 103961.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COMPEDU.2020.103961","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COMPEDU.2020.103961"},{"key":"12316_CR27","unstructured":"Kitchenham, B., & Charters, S. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering. EBSE Technical Report. School of Computer Science and Mathematics Keele University. Department of Computer Science University of Durham."},{"key":"12316_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koskinen, K., Roinila, M., & Kati, S. (2021). Digital publishing platform as a pedagogical tool to teach and learn scholarly publishing: The helsinki university library experience. LIBER Quarterly, 31(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18352\/LQ.10375","DOI":"10.18352\/LQ.10375"},{"key":"12316_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kuhn, D. (2010). What is scientific thinking and how does it develop? The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development, 497\u2013523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781444325485","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444325485"},{"key":"12316_CR30","volume-title":"Pensamiento complejo y educaci\u00f3n","author":"M Lipman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lipman, M. (1998). Pensamiento complejo y educaci\u00f3n (Vol. 10). Ediciones de la Torre."},{"key":"12316_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-020-00481-9","volume":"64","author":"JC Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, J. C., & Johnson, E. (2020). Instructional development of media-based science OER. TechTrends, 64, 439\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11528-020-00481-9","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"issue":"1","key":"12316_CR32","first-page":"10","volume":"30","author":"J Marquardson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marquardson, J., & Schuetzler, R. M. (2019). Teaching tip: Learning by teaching through collaborative tutorial creation: Experience using GitHub and AsciiDoc. Journal of Information Systems Education, 30(1), 10\u201318.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Systems Education"},{"key":"12316_CR33","volume-title":"Introducci\u00f3n Al Pensamiento Complejo","author":"E Morin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Morin, E. (1994). Introducci\u00f3n Al Pensamiento Complejo. Editorial Gedisa."},{"key":"12316_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moundridou, M., Zalavra, E., Papanikolaou, K., & Tripiniotis, A. (2019). Collaboratively developing open educational resources for engineering educators in SlideWiki. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 9(2), 99\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijep.v9i2.9959","DOI":"10.3991\/ijep.v9i2.9959"},{"key":"12316_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, F. J. (2021). On the road to inclusive education: Supporting diversity in education by state-financed, large-scale OER platforms - The example of user-oriented development of NDLA in Norway. Education Research International, 2021.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/5534641","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5534641"},{"issue":"5","key":"12316_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v20i5.4472","volume":"20","author":"D Otto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Otto, D. (2019). Adoption and diffusion of open educational resources (OER) in education: A meta-analysis of 25 OER-projects. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 20(5), 122\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v20i5.4472","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning"},{"key":"12316_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Padmaja, A., & Sikindar Baba, M. (2020). Open education resource on heat transfer: An effective ICT Tool for faculty and students. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 33(Special Issue), 576\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16920\/JEET\/2020\/V33I0\/150121","DOI":"10.16920\/JEET\/2020\/V33I0\/150121"},{"key":"12316_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hr\u00f3bjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., \u2026 Moher, D (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/BMJ.N71","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.N71"},{"issue":"3","key":"12316_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-021-01269-4","volume":"6","author":"S Parsons","year":"2022","unstructured":"Parsons, S., Azevedo, F., Elsherif, M. M., Guay, S., Shahim, O. N., Govaart, G. H., & Aczel, B. (2022). A community-sourced glossary of open scholarship terms. Nature Human Behaviour, 6(3), 312\u2013318.","journal-title":"Nature Human Behaviour"},{"issue":"1","key":"12316_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1080\/02635143.2013.878328","volume":"32","author":"D Passig","year":"2014","unstructured":"Passig, D., & Cohen, L. (2014). Measuring the style of innovative thinking among engineering students. Research in Science & Technological Education, 32(1), 56\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02635143.2013.878328","journal-title":"Research in Science & Technological Education"},{"key":"12316_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.35362\/rie7612955","volume":"76","author":"R Prado","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prado, R. (2018). La socioformaci\u00f3n: Un enfoque de cambio educativo. Revista Iberoamericana De Educaci\u00f3n, 76, 57\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35362\/rie7612955","journal-title":"Revista Iberoamericana De Educaci\u00f3n"},{"key":"12316_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R\u0103dulescu, I. R., Almeida, L., Vannucci, R., Blaga, M., Dufkova, P., & Stjepanovi\u010d, Z. (2019). Texmatrix\u2013the knowledge matrix for innovation applied to textile enterprises. Industria Textila, 70(2), 197\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.35530\/IT.070.02.1648","DOI":"10.35530\/IT.070.02.1648"},{"key":"12316_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3916\/C65-2020-01","volume":"65","author":"M Ram\u00edrez-Montoya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ram\u00edrez-Montoya, M., & Lugo-Ocando, J. (2020). Systematic review of mixed methods in the framework of educational innovation. [Revisi\u00f3n sistem\u00e1tica de m\u00e9todos mixtos en el marco de la innovaci\u00f3n educativa]. Comunicar, 65, 9\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3916\/C65-2020-01","journal-title":"Comunicar"},{"key":"12316_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ram\u00edrez-Montoya, M. S., Castillo-Mart\u00ednez, I. M., Sanabria-Zepeda, J. C., & Miranda, J. (2022). Complex thinking in the Framework of Education 4.0 and open Innovation\u2014A systematic literature review. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology Market and Complexity, 8(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/joitmc8010004","DOI":"10.3390\/joitmc8010004"},{"key":"12316_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120391","volume":"164","author":"T Rayna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rayna, T., & Striukova, L. (2021). Fostering skills for the 21st century: The role of Fab labs and makerspaces. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 164, 120391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120391","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"issue":"1","key":"12316_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v20i5.4545","volume":"21","author":"A Risquez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Risquez, A., McAvinia, C., Desmond, Y., Bruen, C., Ryan, D., & Coughlan, A. (2020). Towards a devolved model of management of OER? The case of the Irish higher education sector. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 21(1), 100\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v20i5.4545","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning"},{"issue":"6","key":"12316_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5637","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10195-3","volume":"25","author":"S Shams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shams, S., Haq, M. A. U., & Waqar, Y. (2020). Open educational resources (OER) usage trends among university students of Pakistan. Education and Information Technologies, 25(6), 5637\u20135654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10195-3","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"12316_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2021.100794","volume":"39","author":"S Silva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Silva, S., & Iturra, C. (2021). A conceptual proposal and operational definitions of the cognitive processes of complex thinking. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 39, 100794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tsc.2021.100794","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"key":"12316_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh, M., Adebayo, S. O., Saini, M., et al. (2021). Indian government E-learning initiatives in response to COVID-19 crisis: A case study on online learning in Indian higher education system. Education and Information Technologies, 26, 7569\u20137607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10585-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10585-1"},{"key":"12316_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stewart, B. (2020). The open page project: Putting digital learning principles into practice for pre-service educators.\u00a0Journal of Teaching and Learning, 14(1), 59\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22329\/JTL.V14I1.6265","DOI":"10.22329\/JTL.V14I1.6265"},{"key":"12316_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tiznado-Matzner, G., Bucarey-Arriagada, S., & Lizama-P\u00e9rez, R.\u00a0(2020). Three-dimensional virtual models of 3D-scanned real cadaveric samples used as a complementary educational resource for the study of human anatomy: Undergraduate student\u2019s perception of this new technology.\u00a0International Journal of Morphology,\u00a038(6), 1686\u20131692.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4067\/S0717-95022020000601686","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022020000601686"},{"issue":"18","key":"12316_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4867","DOI":"10.3390\/su11184867","volume":"11","author":"A Tlili","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tlili, A., Huang, R., Chang, T. W., Nascimbeni, F., & Burgos, D. (2019). Open educational resources and practices in China: A systematic literature review. Sustainability, 11(18), 4867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su11184867","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"12316_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Traxler, J. (2012). Ethics and ICTD research. In A. Chib & R. Harris (Eds.), Linking research to practice in Asia: ICT for development research, management and perspectives (pp. 68\u201381). Ottawa: International Development Research Centre.","DOI":"10.1355\/9789814380010-012"},{"issue":"12","key":"12316_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6591","DOI":"10.3390\/su13126591","volume":"13","author":"S Tob\u00f3n","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tob\u00f3n, S., & Luna-Nemecio, J. (2021). Complex thinking and sustainable social development: Validity and reliability of the complex-21 scale. Sustainability, 13(12), 6591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13126591","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"12316_CR55","unstructured":"UNESCO (2019). Recommendation on Open Educational Resources (OER) Retrieved March 25th, 2023, from https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/en\/legal-affairs\/recommendation-open-educational-resources-oer"},{"key":"12316_CR56","unstructured":"UNESCO. (2002). Forum on the impact of Open Courseware for higher education in developing countries: Final report. Paris: Author. Retrieved November 11th, 2023, from http:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/images\/0012\/001285\/128515e.pdf"},{"key":"12316_CR57","unstructured":"University of British Columbia (2023). What is open scholarship? POSE. Retrieved March 12th, 2023, from https:\/\/pose.open.ubc.ca\/home-page\/getting-started\/what-is-open-scholarship\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"12316_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.10.009","volume":"33","author":"S Werner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Werner, S., Corrigan, P., Ditchman, N., & Sokol, K. (2012). Stigma and intellectual disability: A review of related measures and future directions. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(2), 748\u2013765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.10.009","journal-title":"Research in Developmental Disabilities"},{"key":"12316_CR59","unstructured":"Wiley, D. (n.d.). Defining the \u2018Open\u2019 in Open Content and Open Educational Resources. opencontent.org. Retrieved February 8th, 2023, from http:\/\/opencontent.org\/definition\/."},{"issue":"4","key":"12316_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.19173\/IRRODL.V19I4.3601","volume":"19","author":"D Wiley","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wiley, D., & Hilton, J. (2018). Defining OER-enabled pedagogy. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 19(4), 133\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/IRRODL.V19I4.3601","journal-title":"International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning"},{"issue":"3","key":"12316_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4018\/IJOPCD.2019070102","volume":"9","author":"CJ Yen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yen, C. J., Tu, C. H., Sujo-Montes, L. E., Harati, H., & Rodas, C. R. (2019). Using personal learning environment (PLE) management to support digital lifelong learning. International Journal of Online Pedagogy and Course Design, 9(3), 13\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/IJOPCD.2019070102","journal-title":"International Journal of Online Pedagogy and Course Design"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12316-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12316-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12316-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T10:30:56Z","timestamp":1704364256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12316-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["12316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12316-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 October 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.\u00a0","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.\u00a0","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"There are not competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}