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Through the prism of computational thinking, learners are more adeptly positioned to dissect and navigate real-world challenges, poising them effectively to meet the exigencies of future societal landscapes. The paradigm of project-based learning, heralded as a potent educational methodology, significantly amplifies students' prowess in computational thinking. To delineate the nuanced interplay between project-based learning and its augmentation of computational thinking, we engaged in meta-analytical investigations, synthesizing outcomes from 31 distinct external experimental and quasi-experimental studies. Our analytical journey underscored that project-based learning markedly elevates students' competencies across five critical spectra: innovation, collaboration, critical analysis, algorithmic cognition, and problem resolution. Dissecting its impact across the K12 continuum reveals that primary students predominantly hone their collaborative acumen; middle-grade learners witness a pronounced ascent in creativity, critical, and algorithmic faculties, while the apex of high school education primarily sharpens critical analytical prowess. Thus, educators sculpting the contours of project-based learning should be calibrate their strategies, ensuring they resonate with the developmental and age-specific nuances of their audience, to fully unleash its latent potential in nurturing computational thinking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12392-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T08:02:14Z","timestamp":1704787334000},"page":"14513-14545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["The efficacy of project-based learning in enhancing computational thinking among students: A meta-analysis of 31 experiments and quasi-experiments"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Wuwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yurong","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"12392_CR1","first-page":"833","volume":"55","author":"AV Aho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aho, A. 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We understand the potential harm of misrepresenting research results, which may not only undermine the credibility of the journal and the professionalism of scientific authorship, but could also damage the entire scientific endeavour. Therefore, we pledge to adhere to the following ethical standards and rules of good scientific practice:1. We confirm that the manuscript has not been submitted to more than one journal simultaneously.2. The work we are submitting is original and has not been previously published elsewhere in any form or language, except in cases where the new work expands upon our previous work. We have provided complete transparency on the reuse of our own work to avoid self-plagiarism.3. The research presented in our manuscript is not segmented into multiple parts to inflate the quantity of submissions. We do not practice salami-slicing\/publishing.4. 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All the claims made in the manuscript are supported by appropriate and relevant literature.We have avoided excessive and inappropriate self-citation or coordinated efforts to collectively self-cite.10. Our manuscript contains no untrue statements about any entity or descriptions of their behavior or actions that could potentially be seen as personal attacks or allegations.11. Any research in the manuscript that may be misapplied to pose a threat to public health or national security is clearly identified. This includes, but is not limited to, the creation of harmful consequences of biological agents or toxins, disruption of immunity of vaccines, unusual hazards in the use of chemicals, or the weaponization of research\/technology.12. We confirm that the author group, the Corresponding Author, and the order of authors are all accurate at the time of submission. 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