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However, there exists a dearth of research that delves into the efficacy\nof these videos for self-directed learning of English. This study aimed to\ninvestigate the factors that influence students\u2019 use of 360\u00b0 videos in\nself-directed learning of English by using the integrative model of behavior\nprediction as the theoretical background. The study sample consisted of 457\nuniversity students from China. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The\nquestionnaire entailed few open questions and 26 items distributed among six\nfactors: Attitudes, self-efficacy, subjective norms, behavioral intention,\nself-regulated skills, and actual use. SPSS 22.0, JASP, and SmartPLS 4 were used for\ndata analysis. The results revealed significant direct effects of attitudes and\nself-efficacy on behavioral intention and direct effects of behavioral intention and\nself-regulated skills on actual behavior. However, the results showed that\nsubjective norms and self-regulated skills did not have a direct effect on the\nbehavioral intention, and that behavioral intention did not affect actual behavior\nthrough self-regulated skills. The implementation of 360\u00b0 videos garnered\ninterest among students for self-directed learning of English. The influence of\nself-regulatory skills on the utilization of 360\u00b0 videos is noteworthy, as it\nmay contribute to fostering a sense of ease and comfort among students and other\nstakeholders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12788-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T14:26:30Z","timestamp":1718115990000},"page":"24223-24254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Navigating virtual english learning horizons:\na study on students\u2019 use of 360\u00b0 videos in self-directed\nlearning"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6919-7732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azzeddine","family":"Boudouaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0640-1783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5571-1158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rustam","family":"Shadiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"12788_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.47405\/mjssh.v5i10.501","volume":"5","author":"SN Abd Majid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abd Majid, S. 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