{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:06:32Z","timestamp":1791932792212,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12867-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]],"date-time":"2024-07-19T05:02:47Z","timestamp":1721365367000},"page":"2389-2428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Designing a recommender system to promote self-regulated learning in online contexts: A design-based study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5603-2130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiahui","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khe Foon","family":"Hew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"12867_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s10758-023-09650-0","volume":"29","author":"M Afzaal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Afzaal, M., Zia, A., Nouri, J., & Fors, U. (2024). Informative feedback and explainable AI-based recommendations to support students\u2019 self-regulation. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 29(1), 331\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10758-023-09650-0","journal-title":"Technology, Knowledge and Learning"},{"issue":"4","key":"12867_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2022.3193271","volume":"15","author":"RP \u00c1lvarez","year":"2022","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez, R. P., Jivet, I., P\u00e9rez-Sanagust\u00edn, M., Scheffel, M., & Verbert, K. (2022). Tools designed to support self-regulated learning in online learning environments: A systematic review. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 15(4), 508\u2013522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TLT.2022.3193271","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies"},{"issue":"4","key":"12867_CR3","first-page":"29","volume":"11","author":"T Amiel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Amiel, T., & Reeves, T. C. (2008). Design-based research and educational technology: Rethinking technology and the research agenda. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 11(4), 29\u201340.","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Technology & Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"12867_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41039-020-00129-5","volume":"15","author":"E Araka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Araka, E., Maina, E., Gitonga, R., & Oboko, R. (2020). Research trends in measurement and intervention tools for self-regulated learning for e-learning environments\u2014Systematic review (2008\u20132018). Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 15(1), 1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41039-020-00129-5","journal-title":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"12867_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2008.10.005","volume":"12","author":"L Barnard","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barnard, L., Lan, W. Y., To, Y. M., Paton, V. O., & Lai, S.-L. (2009). Measuring self-regulation in online and blended learning environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 12(1), 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iheduc.2008.10.005","journal-title":"The Internet and Higher Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"12867_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-018-9186-0","volume":"30","author":"R Bodily","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bodily, R., Ikahihifo, T. K., Mackley, B., & Graham, C. R. (2018). The design, development, and implementation of student-facing learning analytics dashboards. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 30(3), 572\u2013598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12528-018-9186-0","journal-title":"Journal of Computing in Higher Education"},{"key":"12867_CR7","unstructured":"Boulahmel, A., Djelil, F., Gilliot, J. M., & Smits, G. (2023). Towards a skill-based self-regulated learning recommendation system. In Doctoral Consortium of the 18th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning."},{"key":"12867_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2015.04.007","volume":"27","author":"J Broadbent","year":"2015","unstructured":"Broadbent, J., & Poon, W. L. (2015). Self-regulated learning strategies & academic achievement in online higher education learning environments: A systematic review. The Internet and Higher Education, 27, 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iheduc.2015.04.007","journal-title":"The Internet and Higher Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"12867_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-019-10027-z","volume":"26","author":"MDB Castro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Castro, M. D. B., & Tumibay, G. M. (2021). A literature review: Efficacy of online learning courses for higher education institution using meta-analysis. Education and Information Technologies, 26(2), 1367\u20131385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-019-10027-z","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"5","key":"12867_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3975","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10151-1","volume":"25","author":"A \u00c7ebi","year":"2020","unstructured":"\u00c7ebi, A., & G\u00fcyer, T. (2020). Students\u2019 interaction patterns in different online learning activities and their relationship with motivation, self-regulated learning strategy and learning performance. Education and Information Technologies, 25(5), 3975\u20133993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-020-10151-1","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"12867_CR11","unstructured":"Davis, F. D. (1989). Technology acceptance model: TAM. Al-Suqri, MN, Al-Aufi, AS: Information Seeking Behavior and Technology Adoption, 205, 219."},{"issue":"11","key":"12867_CR12","first-page":"35","volume":"70","author":"GT Doran","year":"1981","unstructured":"Doran, G. T. (1981). There\u2019s a SMART way to write management\u2019s goals and objectives. Management Review, 70(11), 35\u201336.","journal-title":"Management Review"},{"key":"12867_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Du, J., Hew, K. F., Jia, C., & Li, L. (2022). Designing a recommendation approach to scaffold self-regulated learning in fully online flipped classroom. In International Conference on Blended Learning (pp. 181\u2013193). Springer, Cham.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-08939-8_16","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-08939-8_16"},{"key":"12867_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Du, J., Hew, K. F., & Liu, L. (2023). What can online traces tell us about students\u2019 self-regulated learning? A systematic review of online trace data analysis. Computers & Education, 104828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2023.104828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2023.104828"},{"key":"12867_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4089","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-59904-325-8.ch003","volume-title":"EdMedia + innovate learning","author":"J Herrington","year":"2007","unstructured":"Herrington, J., McKenney, S., Reeves, T., & Oliver, R. (2007). Design-based research and doctoral students: Guidelines for preparing a dissertation proposal. In EdMedia + innovate learning (pp. 4089\u20134097). Association for the Advancement of computing in education (AACE). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/978-1-59904-325-8.ch003"},{"issue":"1","key":"12867_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/fer3.9","volume":"1","author":"KF Hew","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hew, K. F., & Huang, W. (2023). Promoting engagement in online learning beyond COVID-19: Possible strategies and directions for future research. Future in Educational Research, 1(1), 27\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fer3.9","journal-title":"Future in Educational Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"12867_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acalib.2021.102327","volume":"47","author":"E Humrickhouse","year":"2021","unstructured":"Humrickhouse, E. (2021). Flipped classroom pedagogy in an online learning environment: A self-regulated introduction to information literacy threshold concepts. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47(2), 102327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acalib.2021.102327","journal-title":"The Journal of Academic Librarianship"},{"key":"12867_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jin, S. H., Im, K., Yoo, M., Roll, I., & Seo, K. (2023). Supporting students\u2019 self-regulated learning in online learning using artificial intelligence applications. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-023-00406-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-023-00406-5"},{"key":"12867_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jung, H., Park, S. W., Kim, H. S., & Park, J. (2022). The effects of the regulated learning-supported flipped classroom on student performance. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 34(1), 132\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12528-021-09284-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-021-09284-0"},{"issue":"9","key":"12867_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3353","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.0c00712","volume":"97","author":"R Kalman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kalman, R., Esparza, M. M., & Weston, C. (2020). Student views of the online learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of upper-level and entry-level undergraduate perspectives. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(9), 3353\u20133357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jchemed.0c00712","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"12867_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.5204\/jld.v6i2.128","volume":"6","author":"S Kennedy-Clark","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kennedy-Clark, S. (2013). Research by design: Design-based research and the higher degree research student. Journal of Learning Design, 6(2), 26\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5204\/jld.v6i2.128","journal-title":"Journal of Learning Design"},{"key":"12867_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1145\/2876034.2893378","volume-title":"proceedings of the third ACM conference on learning at scale","author":"RF Kizilcec","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kizilcec, R. F., Perez-Sanagustin, M., & Maldonado, J. J. (2016). Recommending self-regulated learning strategies does not improve performance in a MOOC. In proceedings of the third ACM conference on learning at scale (pp. 101\u2013104). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2876034.2893378"},{"key":"12867_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kopeinik, S., Nussbaumer, A., Winter, L. C., Albert, D., Dimache, A., & Roche, T. (2014). Combining self-regulation and competence-based guidance to personalise the learning experience in moodle. IEEE 14th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2014, (pp. 62\u201364). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICALT.2014.28","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2014.28"},{"issue":"4","key":"12867_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1080\/07294360.2013.863839","volume":"33","author":"E Kyndt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kyndt, E., Berghmans, I., Dochy, F., & Bulckens, L. (2014). Time is not enough. Workload in higher education: A student perspective. Higher Education Research & Development, 33(4), 684\u2013698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07294360.2013.863839","journal-title":"Higher Education Research & Development"},{"key":"12867_CR25","unstructured":"NetEase Youdao AIcloud English Correction. (2023). Automated essay evaluation service. Retrieved from https:\/\/ai.youdao.com\/english-correction.s"},{"key":"12867_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nussbaumer, A., Kravcik, M., Renzel, D., Klamma, R., Berthold, M., & Albert, D. (2014). A framework for facilitating self-regulation in responsive open learning environments. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.1407.5891","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1407.5891"},{"key":"12867_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250270","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00422","volume":"8","author":"E Panadero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Panadero, E. (2017). A Review of Self-regulated Learning: Six Models and Four Directions for Research. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 250270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00422","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"12867_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.22337","volume":"29","author":"M Perez-Sanagustin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perez-Sanagustin, M., Sapunar-Opazo, D., Perez-Alvarez, R., Hilliger, I., Bey, A., Maldonado-Mahauad, J., & Baier, J. (2020). A MOOC-based flipped experience: Scaffolding SRL strategies improves learners\u2019 time management and engagement. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 29(4), 750\u2013768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cae.22337","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"key":"12867_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plomp, T. (2013). Educational design research: An introduction. Educational design research (pp. 11\u201350).","DOI":"10.1080\/09523987.2013.843832"},{"key":"12867_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203831076","volume-title":"Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications","author":"DH Schunk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (2012). Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications. Routledge."},{"key":"12867_CR31","unstructured":"Shih, K.-P., Chen, H.-C., Chang, C.-Y., & Kao, T.-C. (2010). The development and implementation of scaffolding-based selfregulated learning system for e\/m-learning. Educational Technology & Society, 13(1), 80\u201393."},{"issue":"1","key":"12867_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12392","volume":"36","author":"NA Uzir","year":"2020","unstructured":"Uzir, N. A., Gasevic, D., Matcha, W., Jovanovic, J., & Pardo, A. (2020). Analytics of time management strategies in a flipped classroom. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 36(1), 70\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12392","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning"},{"key":"12867_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106318","volume":"108","author":"DCD van Alten","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Alten, D. C. D., Phielix, C., Janssen, J., & Kester, L. (2020). Effects of self-regulated learning prompts in a flipped history classroom. Computers in Human Behavior, 108, 106318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106318","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"12867_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.14786\/flr.v8i3.497","volume":"8","author":"N van Halem","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Halem, N., van Klaveren, C., Drachsler, H., Schmitz, M., & Cornelisz, I. (2020). Tracking patterns in self-regulated learning using students\u2019 self-reports and online trace data. Frontline Learning Research, 8(3), 140\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14786\/flr.v8i3.497","journal-title":"Frontline Learning Research"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"12867_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2018.1543084","volume":"35","author":"J Wong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wong, J., Baars, M., Davis, D., van Der Zee, T., Houben, G.-J., & Paas, F. (2019). Supporting self-regulated learning in online learning environments and MOOCs: A systematic review. International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction, 35(4\u20135), 356\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447318.2018.1543084","journal-title":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"},{"key":"12867_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106913","volume":"124","author":"J Wong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wong, J., Baars, M., He, M., De Koning, B. B., & Paas, F. (2021). Facilitating goal setting and planning to enhance online self-regulation of learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 124, 106913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106913","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"12867_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-021-09269-z","volume":"33","author":"M Yoon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yoon, M., Hill, J., & Kim, D. (2021). Designing supports for promoting self-regulated learning in the flipped classroom. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 33, 398\u2013418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12528-021-09269-z","journal-title":"Journal of Computing in Higher Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"12867_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/dsji.12216","volume":"18","author":"L Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, L., & Ye, C. (2020). Time and performance in online learning: Applying the theoretical perspective of metacognition. Decision Sciences-Journal of Innovative Education, 18(3), 435\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dsji.12216","journal-title":"Decision Sciences-Journal of Innovative Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"12867_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-02023-6","volume":"20","author":"BB Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng, B. B., & Zhang, Y. N. (2020). Self-regulated learning: The effect on medical student learning outcomes in a flipped classroom environment. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-020-02023-6","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"key":"12867_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/b978-012109890-2\/50031-7","volume-title":"Handbook of self-regulation","author":"BJ Zimmerman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attainment of self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 13\u201339). Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-012109890-2\/50031-7"},{"key":"12867_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip4102_2","volume":"41","author":"BJ Zimmerman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview. Theory Into Practice, 41, 64\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15430421tip4102_2","journal-title":"Theory Into Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"12867_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.80.3.284","volume":"80","author":"BJ Zimmerman","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B. J., & Martinezpons, M. (1988). Construct-validation of a strategy model of student self-regulated learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(3), 284\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-0663.80.3.284","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"12867_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B. J., & Bandura, A. (1994). Impact of self-regulatory influences on writing course attainment. American Educational Research Journal, 31, 845\u2013862.","DOI":"10.3102\/00028312031004845"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12867-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12867-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12867-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T05:39:56Z","timestamp":1738820396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12867-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["12867"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12867-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}]}}