{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:24:54Z","timestamp":1792603494568,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-13121-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T06:16:42Z","timestamp":1730096202000},"page":"509-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["AI ChatBots\u2019 solutions to mathematical problems in interactive e-textbooks: Affordances and constraints from the eyes of students and teachers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5119-2813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozkan","family":"Ergene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5567-6791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Busra Caylan","family":"Ergene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"13121_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12427-8","author":"D Adams","year":"2023","unstructured":"Adams, D., Chuah, K. M., Devadason, E., & Azzis, M. S. A. (2023). From novice to navigator: Students\u2019 academic help-seeking behaviour, readiness, and perceived usefulness of ChatGPT in learning. Education and Information Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12427-8","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/0961000614532120","volume":"47","author":"N Aharony","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aharony, N. (2015). Factors affecting the adoption of e-books by information professionals. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 47(2), 131\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961000614532120","journal-title":"Journal of Librarianship and Information Science"},{"key":"13121_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ali, R., Tang, O. Y., Connolly, I. D., Fridley, J. S., Shin, J. H., Zadnik, S., \u2026 Asaad, W. F. (2023). Performance of ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Google Bard on a neurosurgery oral boards preparation question bank. Neurosurgery, 93(5), 1090\u20131098. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/neu.0000000000002551","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002551"},{"key":"13121_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.5267\/j.ijdns.2023.6.010","volume":"7","author":"A Alshahrani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alshahrani, A. (2023). The impact of ChatGPT on blended learning: Current trends and future research directions. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7, 2029\u20132040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5267\/j.ijdns.2023.6.010","journal-title":"International Journal of Data and Network Science"},{"key":"13121_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12223-4","author":"AN Ansari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ansari, A. N., Ahmad, S., & Bhutta, S. M. (2023). Mapping the global evidence around the use of ChatGPT in higher education: A systematic scoping review. Education and Information Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12223-4","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1198\/000313007X190808","volume":"61","author":"AT Arnholt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arnholt, A. T. (2007). Statistics: The art and science of learning from data. The American Statistician, 61(2), 181\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1198\/000313007X190808","journal-title":"The American Statistician"},{"issue":"3","key":"13121_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022103903080","volume":"7","author":"M Artigue","year":"2002","unstructured":"Artigue, M. (2002). Learning mathematics in a CAS environment: The genesis of a reflection about instrumentation and the dialectics between technical and conceptual work. International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning, 7(3), 245\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1022103903080","journal-title":"International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning"},{"issue":"4","key":"13121_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16100","DOI":"10.31004\/joe.v5i4.2745","volume":"5","author":"A Ausat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ausat, A., Massang, B., Efendi, M., Nofirman, N., & Riady, Y. (2023). Can Chat GPT replace the role of the teacher in the classroom: A fundamental analysis. Journal on Education, 5(4), 16100\u201316106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31004\/joe.v5i4.2745","journal-title":"Journal on Education"},{"key":"13121_CR9","unstructured":"Baker, E. R., Fisher, M. J., & Miller, G. (2009). Evaluating process quality from an appraisal perspective. Retrieved November 12, 2023, from https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/pdfs\/ADA512391.pdf"},{"key":"13121_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bozkurt, A., & Bozkaya, M. (2015). Evaluation criteria for interactive E-books for open and distance learning. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 16(5), 58\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19173\/irrodl.v16i5.2218","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v16i5.2218"},{"issue":"7950","key":"13121_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-00487-2","volume":"615","author":"D Castelvecchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Castelvecchi, D. (2023). How will AI change mathematics? Rise of chatbots highlights discussion. Nature, 615(7950), 15\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-023-00487-2","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"13121_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2024.105090","volume":"218","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, X., & Xiao, Y. (2024). Pathways to digital reading literacy among secondary school students: A multilevel analysis using data from 31 economies. Computers & Education, 218, 105090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2024.105090","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"13121_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chtouki, Y., Harroud, H., Khalidi, M., & Bennani, S. (2012). The impact of YouTube videos on the student\u2019s learning. In 2012 International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET) (pp. 1\u20134). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ITHET.2012.6246045"},{"key":"13121_CR14","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"JW Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen, J. W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.","edition":"2"},{"key":"13121_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2023.2190148","author":"DRE Cotton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cotton, D. R. E., Cotton, P. A., & Shipway, J. R. (2023). Chatting and cheating: Ensuring academic integrity in the era of ChatGPT. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14703297.2023.2190148","journal-title":"Innovations in Education and Teaching International"},{"key":"13121_CR16","unstructured":"Dahal, N., Luitel, B. C., & Pant, B. P. (2024). Exploring capabilities and limitations of generative AI chatbots in solving math algorithm problems. In The 15th International Congress on Mathematical Education (pp. 1\u20134). ICME."},{"key":"13121_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.10.016","volume":"62","author":"DB Daniel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Daniel, D. B., & Woody, W. D. (2013). E-textbooks at what cost? Performance and use of electronic v. Print texts. Computers & Education, 62, 18\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2012.10.016","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"13121_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3354\/esep00195","volume":"2","author":"N Dehouche","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dehouche, N. (2021). Plagiarism in the age of massive generative pre-trained transformers (GPT-3). Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, 2, 17\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/esep00195","journal-title":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics"},{"issue":"6","key":"13121_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1002\/jaal.391","volume":"58","author":"E Dobler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dobler, E. (2015). E-textbooks a personalized learning experience or a digital distraction? Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 58(6), 482\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jaal.391","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy"},{"key":"13121_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dong, H., & Xie, S. (2024). Large language models (LLMs): Deployment, tokenomics and sustainability. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2405.17147","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2405.17147"},{"key":"13121_CR21","unstructured":"Drijvers, P., & Trouche, L. (2008). From artifacts to instruments: A theoretical framework behind the orchestra metaphor. In K. Heid & G. Blume (Eds.),\u00a0Research on technology and the teaching and learning of mathematics. Cases and perspectives\u00a0(Vol. 2, pp. 363\u2013392). Information Age."},{"key":"13121_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41431-023-01396-8","author":"D Duong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Duong, D., & Solomon, B. D. (2023). Analysis of large-language model versus human performance for genetics questions. European Journal of Human Genetics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41431-023-01396-8","journal-title":"European Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"13121_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frieder, S., Pinchetti, L., Chevalier, A., Griffiths, R.-R., Salvatori, T., Lukasiewicz, T., Petersen, P. C., & Berner, J. (2023). Mathematical capabilities of ChatGPT. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2301.13867","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2301.13867"},{"key":"13121_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fuchs, K. (2023) Exploring the opportunities and challenges of NLP models in higher education: is Chat GPT a blessing or a curse? Frontiers in Education, 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/feduc.2023.1166682","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2023.1166682"},{"issue":"1","key":"13121_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-016-9229-3","volume":"11","author":"A Furberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Furberg, A. (2016). Teacher support in computer-supported lab work: Bridging the gap between lab experiments and students conceptual understanding. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 11(1), 89\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11412-016-9229-3","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning"},{"key":"13121_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gill, S. S., Xu, M., Patros, P., Wu, H., Kaur, R., Kaur, K., \u2026 Buyya, R. (2024). Transformative effects of ChatGPT on modern education: Emerging Era of AI Chatbots. Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems, 4, 19\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.iotcps.2023.06.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iotcps.2023.06.002"},{"key":"13121_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-017-9669-z","volume":"23","author":"\u00c5 Gr\u00f6nlund","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6nlund, \u00c5., Wiklund, M., & B\u00f6\u00f6, R. (2018). No name, no game: Challenges to use of collaborative digital textbooks. Education and Information Technologies, 23, 1359\u20131375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-017-9669-z","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"13121_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.learninstruc.2006.02.001","volume":"16","author":"CS Gro\u00dfe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gro\u00dfe, C. S., & Renkl, A. (2006). Effects of multiple solution methods in mathematics learning. Learning and Instruction, 16, 122\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.learninstruc.2006.02.001","journal-title":"Learning and Instruction"},{"key":"13121_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s10763-016-9782-2","volume":"16","author":"G Gueudet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gueudet, G., Pepin, B., Restrepo, A., Sabra, H., & Trouche, L. (2018). E-textbooks and connectivity: Proposing an analytical framework. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 16, 539\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10763-016-9782-2","journal-title":"International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education"},{"key":"13121_CR30","volume-title":"Implementing change: Patterns, principles, and potholes","author":"G Hall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hall, G., & Hord, S. (2015). Implementing change: Patterns, principles, and potholes (4th ed.). Pearson.","edition":"4"},{"key":"13121_CR31","first-page":"1","volume-title":"AI and its convergence with communication technologies","author":"BQ Hashmi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hashmi, B. Q. (2023). Artificial intelligence and its role in information and communication technologies (ICT): Application areas of artificial intelligence. In B. Muneer, F. K. Shaikh, N. Mahoto, S. Talpur, & J. Garcia (Eds.), AI and its convergence with communication technologies (pp. 1\u201318). IGI Global."},{"key":"13121_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/s11858-018-0971-z7","volume":"50","author":"S Hoch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hoch, S., Reinhold, F., Werner, B., Richter-Gebert, J., & Reiss, K. (2018). Design and research potential of interactive textbooks: The case of fractions. ZDM, 50, 839\u2013848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11858-018-0971-z7","journal-title":"ZDM"},{"key":"13121_CR33","volume-title":"Mathematical education and digital technologies: Rethinking the terrain","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hoyles, C., & Lagrange, J. B. (Eds.). (2010). Mathematical education and digital technologies: Rethinking the terrain. Springer."},{"issue":"9","key":"13121_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2023.05.007","volume":"38","author":"SJ Ingley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ingley, S. J., & Pack, A. (2023). Leveraging AI tools to develop the writer rather than the writing. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 38(9), 785\u2013787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tree.2023.05.007","journal-title":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"},{"issue":"4","key":"13121_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.141942","volume":"5","author":"S Jamshed","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jamshed, S. (2014). Qualitative research method-interviewing and observation. J Basic Clin Pharm, 5(4), 87\u201388.","journal-title":"J Basic Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbench.2023.100115","volume":"3","author":"M Javaid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R. P., Khan, S., & Khan, I. H. (2023). Unlocking the opportunities through ChatGPT Tool towards ameliorating the education system. BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations, 3(2), 100\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tbench.2023.100115","journal-title":"BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations"},{"key":"13121_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15873","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11834-1","volume":"28","author":"J Jeon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jeon, J., & Lee, S. (2023). Large language models in education: A focus on the complementary relationship between human teachers and ChatGPT. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 15873\u201315892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11834-1","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"13121_CR38","volume-title":"Learning to solve problems: A handbook for designing problem-solving learning environments","author":"DH Jonassen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jonassen, D. H. (2011). Learning to solve problems: A handbook for designing problem-solving learning environments. Routledge."},{"key":"13121_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kasneci, E., Se\u00dfler, K., K\u00fcchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., \u2026 Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, 102274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lindif.2023.102274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2023.102274"},{"key":"13121_CR40","volume-title":"Research methodology: Methods and techniques","author":"CR Kothari","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques. New Age International."},{"issue":"1","key":"13121_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.37074\/jalt.2023.6.1.32","volume":"6","author":"P Limna","year":"2023","unstructured":"Limna, P., Kraiwanit, T., Jangjarat, K., Klayklung, P., & Chocksathaporn, P. (2023). The use of ChatGPT in the digital era: Perspectives on chatbot implementation. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 6(1), 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37074\/jalt.2023.6.1.32","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching"},{"issue":"5","key":"13121_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4012","DOI":"10.3390\/su15054012","volume":"15","author":"C Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin, C., Huang, A., & Yang, S. (2023). Review of AI-driven conversational chatbots implementation methodologies and challenges. Sustainability, 15(5), 4012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su15054012","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"4","key":"13121_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2002.tb00826.x","volume":"28","author":"M Lombard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lombard, M., Snyder-Duch, J., & Bracken, C. C. (2002). Content analysis in mass communication: Assessment and reporting of intercoder reliability. Human Communication Research, 28(4), 587\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2002.tb00826.x","journal-title":"Human Communication Research"},{"key":"13121_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12333-z","author":"G Maheshwari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maheshwari, G. (2023). Factors influencing students\u2019 intention to adopt and use ChatGPT in higher education: A study in the Vietnamese context. Education and Information Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12333-z","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.11613\/bm.2013.018","volume":"23","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2013","unstructured":"McHugh, M. L. (2013). The chi-square test of independence. Biochem Med (Zagreb), 23(2), 143\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11613\/bm.2013.018","journal-title":"Biochem Med (Zagreb)"},{"key":"13121_CR46","volume-title":"Mathematics curriculum (Primary and middle school Grades 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8)","author":"Ministry of National Education (MoNE)","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ministry of National Education (MoNE). (2018). Mathematics curriculum (Primary and middle school Grades 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8). MoNE."},{"key":"13121_CR47","unstructured":"Misfeldt, M. & Ejsing-Dunn, S. (2015). Learning mathematics through programming: An instrumental approach to potentials and pitfalls. In K. Krainer & N. Vondrov\u00e1 (Eds.), Proceedings of the Ninth Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (pp. 2524\u20132530). Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Education, and ERME."},{"key":"13121_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11917-z","author":"AM Mohamed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mohamed, A. M. (2023). Exploring the potential of an AI-based Chatbot (ChatGPT) in enhancing English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching: Perceptions of EFL Faculty Members. Education and Information and Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11917-z","journal-title":"Education and Information and Technologies"},{"key":"13121_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36227\/techrxiv.23691876.v1","author":"P Nguyen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nguyen, P., Nguyen, P., Bruneau, P., Cao, L., Wang, J., & Truong, H. (2023). Evaluation of mathematics performance of Google Bard on the mathematics test of the Vietnamese National High School Graduation Examination. TechRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36227\/techrxiv.23691876.v1","journal-title":"TechRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"13121_CR50","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"M Numer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Numer, M., & Spencer, R. A. (2015). Bring your own device technology: Preliminary results from a mixed methods study to explore student experience of in-class response systems in post-secondary education. Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 13(1), 1\u20136.","journal-title":"Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics"},{"key":"13121_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2022.10353","volume":"66","author":"S O\u2019Connor","year":"2022","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor, S. (2022). Open artificial intelligence platforms in nursing education: Tools for academic progress or abuse? Nurse Education in Practice, 66, 103537. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nepr.2022.10353","journal-title":"Nurse Education in Practice"},{"key":"13121_CR52","unstructured":"Open AI. (2023). ChatGPT: Optimizing language models for dialogue. Open AI. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from\u00a0https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt\/"},{"key":"13121_CR53","volume-title":"Qualitative evaluation and research methods","author":"MQ Patton","year":"1990","unstructured":"Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. SAGE Publications."},{"issue":"1","key":"13121_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29333\/iejme\/14025","volume":"19","author":"NH Pavlova","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pavlova, N. H. (2024). Flipped dialogic learning method with ChatGPT: A case study. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 19(1), 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29333\/iejme\/14025","journal-title":"International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education"},{"key":"13121_CR55","volume-title":"From static to \u2018dynamic\u2019 and \u2018agentic\u2019 resources in mathematics education","author":"BEU Pepin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pepin, B. E. U. (2023). From static to \u2018dynamic\u2019 and \u2018agentic\u2019 resources in mathematics education. Technische Universiteit Eindhoven."},{"key":"13121_CR56","first-page":"636","volume-title":"Handbook of international research in mathematics education","author":"B Pepin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pepin, B., Gueudet, G., Yerushalmy, M., Trouche, L., & Chazan, D. (2015). E-textbooks in\/for teaching and learning mathematics: A potentially transformative educational technology. In L. English & D. Kirshner (Eds.), Handbook of international research in mathematics education (pp. 636\u2013661). Taylor & Francis."},{"key":"13121_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12698-9","author":"A Perkash","year":"2024","unstructured":"Perkash, A., Shaheen, Q., Saleem, R., Rustam, F., Villar, M. G., Alvarado, E. S., Diez, E. T., & Ashraf, E. (2024). Feature optimization and machine learning for predicting students\u2019 academic performance in higher education institutions. Education and Information Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12698-9","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"13121_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.3390\/ai4040048","volume":"4","author":"V Plevris","year":"2023","unstructured":"Plevris, V., Papazafeiropoulos, G., & Rios, A. J. (2023). Chatbots put to the test in math and logic problems: A comparison and assessment of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, and Google Bard. AI, 4, 949\u2013969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ai4040048","journal-title":"AI"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/2331186X.2023.2243134","volume":"10","author":"M Pradana","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pradana, M., Elisa, H. P., & Syarifuddin, S. (2023). Discussing ChatGPT in education: A literature review and bibliometric analysis. Cogent Education, 10(2), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/2331186X.2023.2243134","journal-title":"Cogent Education"},{"key":"13121_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2023.100183","volume":"5","author":"V Pursnani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pursnani, V., Sermet, Y., Kurt, M., & Demir, I. (2023). Performance of ChatGPT on the US fundamentals of engineering exam: Comprehensive assessment of proficiency and potential implications for professional environmental engineering practice. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 5, 100183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.caeai.2023.100183","journal-title":"Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence"},{"issue":"5","key":"13121_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-5438(03)00058-4","volume":"15","author":"P Rabardel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rabardel, P., & Bourmaud, G. (2003). From computer to instrument system: A developmental perspective. Interacting with Computers, 15(5), 665\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0953-5438(03)00058-4","journal-title":"Interacting with Computers"},{"issue":"1","key":"13121_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2018.1512001","volume":"28","author":"S Radovi\u0107","year":"2020","unstructured":"Radovi\u0107, S., Radoji\u010di\u0107, M., Veljkovi\u0107, K., & Mari\u0107, M. (2020). Examining the effects of Geogebra applets on mathematics learning using interactive mathematics textbook. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(1), 32\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10494820.2018.1512001","journal-title":"Interactive Learning Environments"},{"key":"13121_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-12114-8","author":"S Rawas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rawas, S. (2023). ChatGPT: Empowering lifelong learning in the digital age of higher education. Education and Information Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-12114-8","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"11","key":"13121_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1021\/ed500280b","volume":"91","author":"M Richards-Babb","year":"2014","unstructured":"Richards-Babb, M., Curtis, R., Smith, V. J., & Xu, M. (2014). Problem solving videos for general chemistry review: Students\u2019 perceptions and use patterns. Journal of Chemical Education, 91(11), 1796\u20131803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ed500280b","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.37074\/jalt.2023.6.2.22","volume":"6","author":"D Santandreu Calonge","year":"2023","unstructured":"Santandreu Calonge, D., Smail, L., & Kamalov, F. (2023). Enough of the chit-chat: A comparative analysis of four AI chatbots for calculus and statistics. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 6(2), 346\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37074\/jalt.2023.6.2.22","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching"},{"key":"13121_CR66","first-page":"143","volume-title":"From text to \u2018lived\u2019 resources: Mathematics curriculum material and teacher development","author":"WH Schmidt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schmidt, W. H. (2012). Measuring content through textbooks: The cumulative effect of middle-school tracking. In G. Gueudet, B. Pepin, & L. Trouche (Eds.), From text to \u2018lived\u2019 resources: Mathematics curriculum material and teacher development (pp. 143\u2013160). Springer."},{"issue":"3","key":"13121_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1177\/0265532220911626","volume":"37","author":"B Shi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shi, B., Huang, L., & Lu, X. (2020). Effect of prompt type on test-takers\u2019 writing performance and writing strategy use in the continuation task. Language Testing, 37(3), 361\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0265532220911626","journal-title":"Language Testing"},{"key":"13121_CR68","unstructured":"Silva, G. S., & Ulbricht, V. R. (2023). ChatGPT and Bard in education: A comparative review. In 20th International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (pp. 369\u2013376). CELDA."},{"key":"13121_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tate.2024.104640","volume":"146","author":"T Son","year":"2024","unstructured":"Son, T., Yeo, S., & Lee, D. (2024). Exploring elementary preservice teachers\u2019 responsive teaching in mathematics through an artificial intelligence-based Chatbot. Teaching and Teacher Education, 146, 104640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tate.2024.104640","journal-title":"Teaching and Teacher Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13121_CR70","first-page":"258","volume":"43","author":"R Spencer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spencer, R., Comeau, E., Matchett, B., Biderman, M., Doria, N., Joy, P., & Matthew, N. (2020). Interactive e-texts and students: A scoping review. Canadian Journal of Education, 43(1), 258\u2013287.","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Education"},{"key":"13121_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stefanova, T., & Georgiev, S. (2024, April). Possibilities for using AI in mathematics education. In Proceedings of the Fifty-Third Spring Conference of the Union of Bulgarian Mathematicians (pp. 117\u2013125). Union of Bulgarian Mathematicians.","DOI":"10.55630\/mem.2024.53.117-125"},{"key":"13121_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci14091019","volume":"14","author":"RC Torres-Pe\u00f1a","year":"2024","unstructured":"Torres-Pe\u00f1a, R. C., Pe\u00f1a-Gonz\u00e1lez, D., Chacuto-L\u00f3pez, E., Ariza, E. A., & Vergara, D. (2024). Updating calculus teaching with AI: A classroom experience. Education Sciences, 14, 1019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci14091019","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"13121_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-023-01491-2","author":"Y Toyama","year":"2023","unstructured":"Toyama, Y., Harigai, A., Abe, M., Nagano, M., Kawabata, M., Seki, Y., & Takase, K. (2023). Performance evaluation of ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Bard on the official board examination of the Japan Radiology Society. Japanese Journal of Radiology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11604-023-01491-2","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Radiology"},{"key":"13121_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trouche, L. (2005). An instrumental approach to mathematics learning in symbolic calculator environments. In D. Guin, K. Ruthven & L. Trouche (Eds.), The didactical challenge of symbolic calculators (vol 36). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/0-387-23435-7_7","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-23435-7_7"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15700\/saje.v40n2a1734","volume":"40","author":"M Tsuei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsuei, M., Cheng, S., & Huang, H. (2020). The effects of a peer-tutoring strategy on children\u2019s e-book reading comprehension. South African Journal of Education, 40(2), 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15700\/saje.v40n2a1734","journal-title":"South African Journal of Education"},{"key":"13121_CR76","unstructured":"Utterberg Mod\u00e9n, M. (2021). Teaching with digital mathematics textbooks - activity theoretical studies of data-driven technology in classroom practices [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Gothenburg."},{"key":"13121_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2023.101380","volume":"49","author":"E V\u00e1zquez-Cano","year":"2023","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Cano, E., Ram\u00edrez-Hurtado, J. M., S\u00e1ez-L\u00f3pez, J. M., & L\u00f3pez-Meneses, E. (2023). ChatGPT: The brightest student in the class. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 49, 101380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tsc.2023.101380","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"key":"13121_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03172796","volume":"10","author":"P Verillon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Verillon, P., & Rabardel, P. (1995). Cognition and artifacts: A contribution to the study of though in relation to instrumented activity. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 10, 77\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF03172796","journal-title":"European Journal of Psychology of Education"},{"key":"13121_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-33824-4_3","volume-title":"National reflections on The Netherlands didactics of mathematics","author":"P Vos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vos, P. (2020). Task contexts in Dutch mathematics education. In M. Van den Heuvel-Panhuizen (Ed.), National reflections on The Netherlands didactics of mathematics (pp. 31\u201353). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-33824-4_3"},{"issue":"7","key":"13121_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29333\/ejmste\/13272","volume":"19","author":"Y Wardat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wardat, Y., Tashtoush, M. A., AlAli, R., & Jarrah, A. M. (2023). ChatGPT: A revolutionary tool for teaching and learning mathematics. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 19(7), 1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29333\/ejmste\/13272","journal-title":"Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"13121_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/s12109-011-9217-4","volume":"27","author":"M Weisberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weisberg, M. (2011). Student attitudes and behaviors towards digital textbooks. Publishing Research Quarterly, 27(2), 188\u2013196.","journal-title":"Publishing Research Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"13121_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nhres.2023.07.005","volume":"3","author":"Z Xue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xue, Z., Xu, C., & Xu, X. (2023). Application of ChatGPT in natural disaster prevention and reduction. Natural Hazards Research, 3(3), 556\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nhres.2023.07.005","journal-title":"Natural Hazards Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"13121_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.53555\/kuey.v30i6.5518","volume":"30","author":"S Yadav","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yadav, S., & Yadav, R. (2024). A comprehensive study to analyze the ChatGPT and its impact on students\u2019 education. Educational Administration: Theory And Practice, 30(6), 1456\u20131465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53555\/kuey.v30i6.5518","journal-title":"Educational Administration: Theory And Practice"},{"key":"13121_CR84","unstructured":"Yerushalmy, M. (2014). Challenges to the authoritarian roles of textbooks. In K. Jones, C. Bokhove, G. Howson, & L. Fan (Eds.), International conference on mathematics textbook research and development 2014 (ICMT-2014), University of Southampton, United Kingdom, 29\u201331 July 2014 (pp. 13\u201320)."},{"key":"13121_CR85","volume-title":"Case study research design and methods","author":"RK Yin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research design and methods. Sage."},{"key":"13121_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-023-10225-0","volume":"71","author":"A Yohannes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yohannes, A., Chen, H. L., & Chang, C. C. (2023). Effect of an interactive e-book on middle school students\u2019 mathematics reading and spatial ability. Educational Technology Research and Development, 71, 1869\u20131886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11423-023-10225-0","journal-title":"Educational Technology Research and Development"},{"issue":"6","key":"13121_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2023.3244231","volume":"16","author":"L Zheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zheng, L., Wang, C., Liu, T., & Gu, X. (2023). Inspecting technology-related quality of teaching artifacts to understand teachers\u2019 technology adoption. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 16(6), 940\u2013954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TLT.2023.3244231","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies"},{"key":"13121_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2024.114132","volume":"206","author":"N Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu, N., Zhang, N., Shao, Q., Cheng, K., & Wu, H. (2024). OpenAI\u2019s GPT-4o in surgical oncology: Revolutionary advances in generative artificial intelligence. European Journal of Cancer, 206, 114132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2024.114132","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"13121_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mlwa.2023.100506","volume":"14","author":"M Zong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zong, M., & Krishnamachari, B. (2023). Solving math word problems concerning systems of equations with GPT models. Machine Learning with Applications, 14, 100506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mlwa.2023.100506","journal-title":"Machine Learning with Applications"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13121-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13121-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13121-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T03:57:33Z","timestamp":1737086253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13121-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["13121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13121-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 October 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}