{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T03:05:05Z","timestamp":1782961505089,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012144","name":"Hebei Agricultural University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012144","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-13209-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T08:10:14Z","timestamp":1733991014000},"page":"9949-9968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Catalyst for future education: An empirical study on the Impact of artificial intelligence generated content on college students\u2019 innovation ability and autonomous learning"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7189-6311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongxuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingjiao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"13209_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Acosta-Enriquez, B. G., Arbul\u00fa Ballesteros, M. A., Huaman\u00ed Jordan, O., L\u00f3pez Roca, C., & Tirado, S., K (2024). Analysis of college students\u2019 attitudes toward the use of ChatGPT in their academic activities: effect of intent to use, verification of information and responsible use. BMC Psychology, 12(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40359-024-01764-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-024-01764-z"},{"key":"13209_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.125834","volume":"289","author":"T Ahmad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmad, T., Zhang, D., Huang, C., Zhang, H., Dai, N., Song, Y., & Chen, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence in sustainable energy industry: Status Quo, challenges and opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 289, 125834\u2013125864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.125834","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00859","volume":"25","author":"M Alavi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alavi, M., Leidner, D. E., & Mousavi, R. (2024). Knowledge Management Perspective of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 25(1), 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17705\/1jais.00859","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-021-10039-7","volume":"55","author":"N Anantrasirichai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anantrasirichai, N., & Bull, D. (2021). Artificial intelligence in the creative industries: A review. Artificial Intelligence Review, 55(1), 589\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10462-021-10039-7","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.31932\/jees.v5i1.1210","volume":"5","author":"SN Ardini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ardini, S. N., & Saputri, H. T. (2022). The implementation of autonomous online learning to enhance academic writing competence during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of English Educational Study (JEES), 5(1), 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31932\/jees.v5i1.1210","journal-title":"Journal of English Educational Study (JEES)"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/acm.0000000000005439","volume":"99","author":"CK Boscardin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Boscardin, C. K., Gin, B., Golde, P. B., & Hauer, K. E. (2024). ChatGPT and Generative Artificial Intelligence for Medical Education: Potential impact and opportunity. Academic Medicine, 99(1), 22\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/acm.0000000000005439","journal-title":"Academic Medicine"},{"key":"13209_CR7","first-page":"142","volume-title":"Exploration of new models of innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students under the background of Internet+","author":"AX Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen, A. X. (2017). Exploration of new models of innovation and entrepreneurship education for college students under the background of Internet+ (pp. 142\u2013144). Heilongjiang Higher Education Research."},{"issue":"3","key":"13209_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1007\/s10956-023-10039-y","volume":"32","author":"G Cooper","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cooper, G. (2023). Examining Science Education in ChatGPT: An exploratory study of Generative Artificial Intelligence. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 32(3), 444\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10956-023-10039-y","journal-title":"Journal of Science Education and Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"13209_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2307\/249008","volume":"13","author":"FD Davis","year":"1989","unstructured":"Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of Use, and user Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/249008","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"4","key":"13209_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00063","volume":"100","author":"ME Emenike","year":"2023","unstructured":"Emenike, M. E., & Emenike, B. U. (2023). Was this title generated by ChatGPT? Considerations for Artificial Intelligence Text-Generation Software Programs for Chemists and Chemistry educators. Journal of Chemical Education, 100(4), 1413\u20131418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jchemed.3c00063","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.3390\/smartcities4020040","volume":"4","author":"C Englund","year":"2021","unstructured":"Englund, C., Aksoy, E. E., Alonso-Fernandez, F., Cooney, M. D., Pashami, S., & \u00c5strand, B. (2021). AI perspectives in Smart cities and communities to enable Road Vehicle automation and Smart Traffic Control. Smart Cities, 4(2), 783\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/smartcities4020040","journal-title":"Smart Cities"},{"key":"13209_CR12","unstructured":"Fan, Y., & Peng, H. (2023). Construction and development research of autonomous learning centers for foreign languages. Digital Foreign Language Teaching, (01), 32\u201339."},{"issue":"3","key":"13209_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1080\/14703297.2023.2195846","volume":"61","author":"M Farrokhnia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Farrokhnia, M., Banihashem, S. K., Noroozi, O., & Wals, A. (2023). A SWOT analysis of ChatGPT: Implications for educational practice and research. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 61(3), 460\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14703297.2023.2195846","journal-title":"Innovations in Education and Teaching International"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5944\/ried.27.1.37716","volume":"27","author":"FJ Garc\u00eda Pe\u00f1alvo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda Pe\u00f1alvo, F. J., Llorens-Largo, F., & Vidal, J. (2023). La Nueva realidad de la educaci\u00f3n ante Los avances de la inteligencia artificial generativa. RIED-Revista Iberoamericana De Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia, 27(1), 9\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5944\/ried.27.1.37716","journal-title":"RIED-Revista Iberoamericana De Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia"},{"issue":"23","key":"13209_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/math9233115","volume":"9","author":"A Granger-Serrano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Granger-Serrano, A., & Villarraga-Orjuela, A. (2021). Peer effects on first-year university students\u2019 results: The role of classmates\u2019 academic performance and socioeconomic status. Mathematics, 9(23), 3115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/math9233115","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.30880\/jtet.2022.14.02.013","volume":"14","author":"N Haristiani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Haristiani, N., Dewanty, V. L., & Muhammad Rifai, M. (2022). Autonomous Learning through Chatbot-based application utilization to Enhance Basic Japanese competence of Vocational High School Students. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 14(2), 143\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30880\/jtet.2022.14.02.013","journal-title":"Journal of Technical Education and Training"},{"key":"13209_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbt.2023.02.001","volume":"74","author":"A Holzinger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Holzinger, A., Keiblinger, K., Holub, P., Zatloukal, K., & M\u00fcller, H. (2023). AI for life: Trends in artificial intelligence for biotechnology. New Biotechnology, 74, 16\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbt.2023.02.001","journal-title":"New Biotechnology"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-023-01280-2","volume":"22","author":"L Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang, L., Li, X., Meng, Y., Lei, M., Niu, Y., Wang, S., & Li, R. (2023). The mediating effects of self-directed learning ability and critical thinking ability on the relationship between learning engagement and problem-solving ability among nursing students in Southern China: A cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-023-01280-2","journal-title":"BMC Nursing"},{"key":"13209_CR19","unstructured":"Jaggia, S., Kelly, A., Lertwachara, K., & Chen, L. (2023). Business analytics: Communicating with numbers (2nd ed) International student edition. McGraw-Hill Education."},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbench.2023.100115","volume":"3","author":"M Javaid","year":"2023","unstructured":"Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R. P., Khan, S., & Khan, I. H. (2023). Unlocking the opportunities through ChatGPT Tool towards ameliorating the education system. BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks Standards and Evaluations, 3(2), 100115\u2013100126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tbench.2023.100115","journal-title":"BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks Standards and Evaluations"},{"key":"13209_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jin, J., Yang, M., Hu, H., Guo, X., Luo, J., and Liu, Y. (2024). Empowering design innovation using AI-generated content. Journal of Engineering Design, 1\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09544828.2024.2401751","DOI":"10.1080\/09544828.2024.2401751"},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci14020172","volume":"14","author":"F Kalota","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kalota, F. (2024). A primer on Generative Artificial Intelligence. Education Sciences, 14(2), 172\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/educsci14020172","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.52380\/ijpes.2023.10.2.1044","volume":"10","author":"\u0130Y Kazu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kazu, \u0130Y., & Kuvvetli, M. (2023). The Influence of Pronunciation Education via Artificial Intelligence Technology on Vocabulary Acquisition in Learning English. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 10(2), 480\u2013493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52380\/ijpes.2023.10.2.1044","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies"},{"key":"13209_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kong, D. C. (2022). Survey research on vocational school students\u2019 autonomous learning abilities [Master\u2019s thesis, Jilin Agricultural University]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.27163\/d.cnki.gjlnu.2022.000108","DOI":"10.27163\/d.cnki.gjlnu.2022.000108"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/amns.2023.2.01283","volume":"9","author":"X Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, X., Wang, S., Li, J., & Li, Z. (2024). A study of Artificial Intelligence-assisted teaching on the cultivation of students\u2019 creative ability. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 20231283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/amns.2023.2.01283","journal-title":"Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences"},{"key":"13209_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2024.101649","volume":"54","author":"H Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin, H., Jiang, X., Deng, X., Bian, Z., Fang, C., & Zhu, Y. (2024). Comparing AIGC and traditional idea generation methods: Evaluating their impact on creativity in the product design ideation phase. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 54, 101649. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tsc.2024.101649","journal-title":"Thinking Skills and Creativity"},{"key":"13209_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.968023","volume":"13","author":"Y Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, Y. (2022). Construction of talent training mechanism for innovation and entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities based on data fusion algorithm. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 968023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.968023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"09","key":"13209_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3991\/ijet.v17i09.30925","volume":"17","author":"X Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma, X. (2022). Influence study of Learners\u2019 Independent Learning ability on learning performance in Online Learning. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 17(09), 201\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijet.v17i09.30925","journal-title":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)"},{"issue":"13","key":"13209_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3991\/ijet.v15i13.15345","volume":"15","author":"L Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma, L., Lan, Z., & Tan, R. (2020). Influencing factors of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education based on the theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 15(13), 190\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijet.v15i13.15345","journal-title":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)"},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-9026(00)00058-6","volume":"17","author":"TW Man","year":"2002","unstructured":"Man, T. W., Lau, T., & Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2), 123\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0883-9026(00)00058-6","journal-title":"Journal of Business Venturing"},{"issue":"2","key":"13209_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15309","volume":"165","author":"BY Ozgor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ozgor, B. Y., & Simavi, M. A. (2023). Accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT\u2019s free version answers about endometriosis. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 165(2), 691\u2013695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijgo.15309","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"13209_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5783","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202303.0473.v1","volume":"13","author":"MM Rahman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rahman, M. M., & Watanobe, Y. (2023). ChatGPT for Education and Research: Opportunities. Threats and Strategies, 13(9), 5783\u20135799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202303.0473.v1","journal-title":"Threats and Strategies"},{"key":"13209_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ramazan, Y., Halil, Y., Gizem, K. Y. F., Muhittin, \u015e., Sema, S., Furkan, A., Mustafa, T., & Terzi, M. C.,ORAL, \u00d6 (2022). Smart MOOC integrated with intelligent tutoring: A system architecture and framework model proposal. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.CAEAI.2022.100092","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CAEAI.2022.100092"},{"key":"13209_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11217-024-09946-3","volume":"1\u201319","author":"C Royer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Royer, C. (2024). Outsourcing humanity? ChatGPT, critical thinking, and the Crisis in Higher Education. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 1\u201319, 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11217-024-09946-3","journal-title":"Studies in Philosophy and Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13209_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066x.55.1.68","volume":"55","author":"RM Ryan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066x.55.1.68","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"13209_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sallam, M., Salim, N. A., Barakat, M., Al-Mahzoum, K., Al-Tammemi, A. B., Malaeb, D., Hallit, R., & Hallit, S. (2023). Validation of a technology acceptance model-based scale TAMEChatGPT on health students attitudes and usage of ChatGPT in Jordan. JMIR Medical Education. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/preprints.48254","DOI":"10.2196\/preprints.48254"},{"issue":"5","key":"13209_CR37","first-page":"4919","volume":"28","author":"W Shaofeng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shaofeng, W., Zhuo, S., & Ying, C. (2022). Effects of higher education institutes\u2019 artificial intelligence capability on students\u2019 self-efficacy, creativity and learning performance. Education and Information Technologies, 28(5), 4919\u20134939.","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"3","key":"13209_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1177\/20965311231168423","volume":"6","author":"J Su","year":"2023","unstructured":"Su, J., & Yang, W. (2023). Unlocking the power of ChatGPT: A Framework for applying generative AI in Education. ECNU Review of Education, 6(3), 355\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20965311231168423","journal-title":"ECNU Review of Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"13209_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.23977\/aetp.2023.070401","volume":"7","author":"J Tang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tang, J. (2023). Research Scale of College Students\u2019 attitude towards learning under the influence of Artificial Intelligence. Advances in Educational Technology and Psychology, 7(4), 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23977\/aetp.2023.070401","journal-title":"Advances in Educational Technology and Psychology"},{"key":"13209_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van Janse, J. (2024). Artificial human thinking: ChatGPT\u2019s capacity to be a model for critical thinking when prompted with problem-based writing activities. Discover Education, 3(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44217-024-00113-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s44217-024-00113-x"},{"key":"13209_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Walter, Y. (2024). Embracing the future of artificial intelligence in the classroom: The relevance of AI literacy, prompt engineering, and critical thinking in modern education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 21(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-024-00448-3","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-024-00448-3"},{"issue":"42","key":"13209_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.14121\/j.cnki.1008-3855.2022.01.009","volume":"42","author":"HC Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, H. C. (2022a). Scientific connotation and significance of innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities. Educational Development Research, 42(42), 53\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14121\/j.cnki.1008-3855.2022.01.009","journal-title":"Educational Development Research"},{"key":"13209_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, Y. Y. (2022b). Factors influencing the development of critical thinking among university students in virtual learning environments and optimization strategies [Doctoral dissertation, Northeast Normal University]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.27011\/d.cnki.gdbsu.2022.001647","DOI":"10.27011\/d.cnki.gdbsu.2022.001647"},{"issue":"7","key":"13209_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1108\/ijshe-12-2023-0595","volume":"25","author":"X Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, X. (2024). Research on the influencing factors and upgrading paths for innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities under the background of sustainable development goals: A QCA empirical study on new engineering of Chinese and foreign universities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION, 25(7), 1426\u20131452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijshe-12-2023-0595","journal-title":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION"},{"issue":"5","key":"13209_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.13032","volume":"40","author":"Z Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie, Z., Wu, X., & Xie, Y. (2024). Can interaction with generative artificial intelligence enhance learning autonomy? A longitudinal study from comparative perspectives of virtual companionship and knowledge acquisition preferences. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 40(5), 2369\u20132384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.13032","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning"},{"key":"13209_CR46","unstructured":"Xu, B. L. (2014). Preliminary development and application of a questionnaire on Mongolian and Chinese university students\u2019 learning attitudes [Master\u2019s thesis, Inner Mongolia Normal University]."},{"key":"13209_CR47","first-page":"26","volume-title":"Formation and cultivation of autonomous learning abilities among students majoring in foreign languages","author":"JF Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu, J. F. (2020). Formation and cultivation of autonomous learning abilities among students majoring in foreign languages (pp. 26\u201332+62). Foreign Languages World."},{"key":"13209_CR48","volume-title":"Research on employment and entrepreneurship education for college students","author":"XH Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang, X. H. (2015). Research on employment and entrepreneurship education for college students. Economic Science."},{"issue":"42","key":"13209_CR49","first-page":"11","volume":"42","author":"LL Zang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zang, L. L. (2020). Building a new learning ecosystem\u2014OECD 2030 Learning Framework review and reflection. Comparative Education Research, 42(42), 11\u201318.","journal-title":"Comparative Education Research"},{"key":"13209_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7900493","volume":"2022","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., & Tsai, S. B. (2022). Construction of English Language Autonomous Learning Center System based on Artificial Intelligence Technology. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2022, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/7900493","journal-title":"Mathematical Problems in Engineering"},{"key":"13209_CR51","unstructured":"Zhao, L. H., Zuo, M., & Huang, X. K. (2023). Transformation direction of higher education teaching in the era of artificial intelligence: Cultivating higher-order thinking. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences), (04), 40\u201348."},{"issue":"41","key":"13209_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.16382\/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.07.001","volume":"41","author":"YX Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu, Y. X., & Yang, F. (2023). ChatGPT\/generative artificial intelligence and educational innovation: Opportunities, challenges, and future. Journal of East China Normal University (Educational Sciences), 41(41), 1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16382\/j.cnki.1000-5560.2023.07.001","journal-title":"Journal of East China Normal University (Educational Sciences)"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13209-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13209-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13209-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T06:41:43Z","timestamp":1748587303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13209-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["13209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-13209-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Research involving participants (on the use of generative artificial\u00a0intelligence behaviors) has been submitted to Hebei Agricultural\u00a0University, China. The introduction of the questionnaire outlines the\u00a0research objectives, social significance, scope of information\u00a0collection, potential privacy risks, and mitigation measures.\u00a0Additionally, it includes signatures and contact information of the\u00a0researchers and the research institution. Participants are required\u00a0to read the questionnaire introduction and then complete a written\u00a0informed consent form. Based on this, the research poses minimal\u00a0ethical risks, has been approved by Hebei Agricultural University,\u00a0China, and does not require further ethical review. If necessary, a\u00a0signed informed consent form can be provided.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all\u00a0participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect\u00a0to the research, author ship, and\/or publication of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}