{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T19:48:42Z","timestamp":1779911322551,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong education Science planning project 2023\uff08higher education special fund)","award":["2023GXJK672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GXJK672"]}]},{"name":"General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["62177011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62177011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-025-13367-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T04:30:04Z","timestamp":1740544204000},"page":"16243-16267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Scaffolding self-regulation in project-based programming learning through online collaborative diaries to promote computational thinking"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8363-8012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peidi","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zui","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaoting","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1678-6370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"13367_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.5815\/ijmecs.2023.04.04","volume":"15","author":"ST Ahmad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ahmad, S. T., Watrianthos, R., Samala, A. D., Muskhir, M., & Dogara, G. (2023). Project-based learning in vocational education: A bibliometric approach. International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science, 15(4), 43\u201356.","journal-title":"International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science"},{"key":"13367_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcci.2018.10.004","volume":"19","author":"Y Allsop","year":"2019","unstructured":"Allsop, Y. (2019). Assessing computational thinking process using a multiple evaluation approach. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 19, 30\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcci.2018.10.004","journal-title":"International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction"},{"key":"13367_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chang, CC., & Yen, WH. (2021). The role of learning style in engineering design thinking via project-based STEM course. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02188791.2021.1957776.","DOI":"10.1080\/02188791.2021.1957776"},{"key":"13367_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2018.11.001","volume":"26","author":"CH Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen, C. H., & Yang, Y. C. (2019). Revisiting the effects of project-based learning on students\u2019 academic achievement: A meta-analysis investigating moderators. Educational Research Review, 26, 71\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.edurev.2018.11.001","journal-title":"Educational Research Review"},{"key":"13367_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2019.104694","volume":"109","author":"EYN Cho","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cho, E. Y. N., & Chan, T. (2020). Children\u2019s wellbeing in a high-stakes testing environment: The case of Hong Kong. Children and Youth Services Review, 109, 104694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2019.104694","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"13367_CR6","first-page":"116","volume":"44","author":"DL Cook","year":"1962","unstructured":"Cook, D. L. (1962). The Hawthorne effect in educational research. The Phi Delta Kappan, 44(3), 116\u2013122.","journal-title":"The Phi Delta Kappan"},{"issue":"2","key":"13367_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.7821\/naer.2022.7.993","volume":"11","author":"P Cresp\u00ed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cresp\u00ed, P., Garc\u00eda-Ramos, J. M., & Queiruga-Dios, M. (2022). Project-Based Learning (PBL) and Its Impact on the Development of Interpersonal Competences in Higher Education. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research, 11(2), 259\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7821\/naer.2022.7.993","journal-title":"Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s11412-022-09364-y","volume":"17","author":"C Crook","year":"2022","unstructured":"Crook, C. (2022). CSsCL: The performance of collaborative learning. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 17(1), 169\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11412-022-09364-y","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning"},{"key":"13367_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104421","volume":"179","author":"L De Backer","year":"2022","unstructured":"De Backer, L., Van Keer, H., De Smedt, F., Merchie, E., & Valcke, M. (2022). Identifying regulation profiles during computer-supported collaborative learning and examining their relation with students\u2019 performance, motivation, and self-efficacy for learning. Computers & Education, 179, 104421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104421","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1891\/1945-8959.14.1.77","volume":"14","author":"C Dignath-van Ewijk","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dignath-van Ewijk, C., Fabriz, S., & B\u00fcttner, G. (2015). Fostering self-regulated learning among students by means of an electronic learning diary: A training experiment. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 14(1), 77\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/1945-8959.14.1.77","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10798-023-09811-3","volume":"34","author":"W Dong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dong, W., Li, Y., Sun, L., & Liu, Y. (2024). Developing pre-service teachers\u2019 computational thinking: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 34(1), 191\u2013227.","journal-title":"International Journal of Technology and Design Education"},{"key":"13367_CR12","unstructured":"Eidin, E., Bielik, T., Touitou, I., Bowers, J., McIntyre, C., & Damelin, D. (2020). Characterizing advantages and challenges for students engaging in computational thinking and systems thinking through model construction. Retrieved from: https:\/\/repository.isls.org\/bitstream\/1\/6460\/1\/183-190.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"13367_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.7771\/1541-5015.1339","volume":"7","author":"MC English","year":"2013","unstructured":"English, M. C., & Kitsantas, A. (2013). Supporting student self-regulated learning in problem-and project-based learning. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 7(2), 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7771\/1541-5015.1339","journal-title":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning"},{"issue":"5","key":"13367_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1177\/07356331211060470","volume":"60","author":"JW Fang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fang, J. W., Shao, D., Hwang, G. J., & Chang, S. C. (2022). From critique to computational thinking: A peer-assessment-supported problem identification, flow definition, coding, and testing approach for computer programming instruction. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 60(5), 1301\u20131324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/07356331211060470","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Computing Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-022423-032425","volume":"75","author":"SM Fleming","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fleming, S. M. (2024). Metacognition and confidence: A review and synthesis. Annual Review of Psychology, 75(1), 241\u2013268.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"13367_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"G\u00fcner, P., & Erbay, H. N. (2021). Metacognitive Skills and Problem-Solving. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 7(3), 715\u2013734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46328\/ijres.1594.","DOI":"10.46328\/ijres.1594"},{"key":"13367_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Heikkinen, S., Saqr, M., Malmberg, J., & Tedre, M. (2022). Supporting self-regulated learning with learning analytics interventions\u2013a systematic literature review. Education and Information Technologies, 1\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1738740\/v1.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1738740\/v1"},{"key":"13367_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.07.004","volume":"126","author":"TC Hsu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hsu, T. C., Chang, S. C., & Hung, Y. T. (2018). How to learn and how to teach computational thinking: Suggestions based on a review of the literature. Computers & Education, 126, 296\u2013310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.07.004","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"13367_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1504\/ijmlo.2020.106166","volume":"14","author":"GJ Hwang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hwang, G. J., Li, K. C., & Lai, C. L. (2020). Trends and strategies for conducting effective STEM research and applications: A mobile and ubiquitous learning perspective. International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation, 14(2), 161\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/ijmlo.2020.106166","journal-title":"International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation"},{"key":"13367_CR20","unstructured":"ISTE. (2016). ISTE Standards for Students. Retrieved from https:\/\/id.iste.org\/docs\/Standards-Resources\/iste-standards_students-2016_one-sheet_fnal.pdf?sfvrsn=0.23432948779836327."},{"key":"13367_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jalinus, N., Nabawi, R. A., & Mardin, A. (2017). The seven steps of project based learning model to enhance productive competences of vocational students. International Conference on Technology and Vocational Teachers (ICTVT 2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2991\/ictvt-17.2017.43.","DOI":"10.2991\/ictvt-17.2017.43"},{"issue":"4","key":"13367_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s40692-021-00190-z","volume":"8","author":"B Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang, B., & Li, Z. (2021). Effect of Scratch on computational thinking skills of Chinese primary school students. Journal of Computers in Education, 8(4), 505\u2013525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40692-021-00190-z","journal-title":"Journal of Computers in Education"},{"key":"13367_CR23","unstructured":"Kalelioglu, F., Gulbahar, Y., & Kukul, V. (2016). A framework for computational thinking based on a systematic research review. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.bjmc.lu.lv\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/lu_portal\/projekti\/bjmc\/Contents\/4_3_15_Kalelioglu.pdf."},{"key":"13367_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim, Y. M. (2021). The effects of pbl-based data science education program using app inventor on elementary students' computational thinking and creativity improvement. Ilkogretim Online, 20(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14352\/jkaie.2020.24.6.551.","DOI":"10.14352\/jkaie.2020.24.6.551"},{"key":"13367_CR25","unstructured":"Kline, R. B. (2023). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford publications."},{"key":"13367_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.01.005","volume":"72","author":"\u00d6 Korkmaz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Korkmaz, \u00d6., \u00c7akir, R., & \u00d6zden, M. Y. (2017). A validity and reliability study of the computational thinking scales (CTS). Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 558\u2013569. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2017.01.005","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"13367_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u00fclt\u00fcr, Y. Z., & \u00d6zcan, B. (2022). The Impact of Cognitive and Affective Components of Test Anxiety on the High-Stakes Exam Performance in 12th Grade Students. International Journal of Progressive Education, 18(1), 448\u2013457. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/361514357_The_Impact_of_Cognitive_and_Affective_Components_of_Test_Anxiety_on_the_High-Stakes_Exam_Performance_in_12th_Grade_Students.","DOI":"10.29329\/ijpe.2022.426.25"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"13367_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1504\/ijmlo.2014.067029","volume":"8","author":"CL Lai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lai, C. L., & Hwang, G. J. (2014). Effects of mobile learning time on students\u2019 conception of collaboration, communication, complex problem\u2013solving, meta\u2013cognitive awareness and creativity. International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation, 8(3\u20134), 276\u2013291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/ijmlo.2014.067029","journal-title":"International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation"},{"key":"13367_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.05.014","volume":"139","author":"HC Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin, H. C., Hwang, G. J., & Hsu, Y. D. (2019). Effects of ASQ-based flipped learning on nurse practitioner learners\u2019 nursing skills, learning achievement and learning perceptions. Computers & Education, 139, 207\u2013221.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.05.014","volume":"29","author":"YT Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin, Y. T., Yeh, M. K. C., & Hsieh, H. L. (2021). Teaching computer programming to science majors by modelling. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 29(1), 130\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.05.014","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"key":"13367_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu, C., Macdonald, R., Odell, B., Kokhan, V., Demmans Epp, C., & Cutumisu, M. (2022). A scoping review of computational thinking assessments in higher education. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 1\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12528-021-09305-y.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-021-09305-y"},{"key":"13367_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lukitasari, M., Hasan, R., Sukri, A., & Handhika, J. (2021). Developing Student's Metacognitive Ability in Science through Project-Based Learning with E-Portfolio. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(3), 948\u2013955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11591\/ijere.v10i3.21370.","DOI":"10.11591\/ijere.v10i3.21370"},{"issue":"5","key":"13367_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.22295","volume":"28","author":"JA Lyon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lyon, J. A., & Magana, J. A. (2020). Computational thinking in higher education: A review of the literature. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 28(5), 1174\u20131189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cae.22295","journal-title":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education"},{"key":"13367_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Peng, J., Wang, M., & Sampson, D. (2017). Scaffolding project-based learning of computer programming in an online learning environment. 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icalt.2017.17.","DOI":"10.1109\/icalt.2017.17"},{"key":"13367_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rahman, M. (2019). 21st century skill'problem solving': Defining the concept. Rahman, MM (2019). 21st Century Skill \u201cProblem Solving\u201d: Defining the Concept. Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2(1), 64\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34256\/ajir1917.","DOI":"10.34256\/ajir1917"},{"key":"13367_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rhodes, M. G. (2019). Metacognition. Teaching of Psychology, 46(2), 168\u2013175. Retrieved from: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0098628319834381.","DOI":"10.1177\/0098628319834381"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1177\/1469787417731198","volume":"20","author":"D Roberts","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roberts, D. (2019). Higher education lectures: From passive to active learning via imagery? Active Learning in Higher Education, 20(1), 63\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1469787417731198","journal-title":"Active Learning in Higher Education"},{"key":"13367_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lmot.2022.101802","volume":"78","author":"A Saad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saad, A., & Zainudin, S. (2022). A review of Project-Based Learning (PBL) and Computational Thinking (CT) in teaching and learning. Learning and Motivation, 78, 101802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lmot.2022.101802","journal-title":"Learning and Motivation"},{"key":"13367_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s12564-018-9522-0","volume":"19","author":"G Sang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sang, G., Liang, J. C., Chai, C. S., Dong, Y., & Tsai, C. C. (2018). Teachers\u2019 actual and preferred perceptions of twenty-first century learning competencies: A Chinese perspective. Asia Pacific Education Review, 19, 307\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12564-018-9522-0","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Education Review"},{"key":"13367_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savelka, J., Agarwal, A., An, M., Bogart, C., & Sakr, M. (2023, August). Thrilled by your progress! large language models (gpt-4) no longer struggle to pass assessments in higher education programming courses. In\u00a0Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research-Volume 1\u00a0(pp. 78\u201392).","DOI":"10.1145\/3568813.3600142"},{"key":"13367_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (2023). Self-regulation of learning and performance: Issues and educational applications. Taylor & Francis. Retrieved from: https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?hl=en&lr=&id=SLujEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT7&dq=Self-regulation+of+learning+and+performance:+Issues+and+educational+applications&ots=hKcQ_NRNt-&sig=DIOsrQjq6Wt2aDD3EVYDwcJTdZA.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203763353"},{"key":"13367_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Seow, P., Looi, C.-K., How, M.-L., Wadhwa, B., & Wu, L.-K. (2019). Educational policy and implementation of computational thinking and programming: Case study of Singapore. Computational thinking education, 345\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-13-6528-7_19.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-6528-7_19"},{"key":"13367_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.06.003","volume":"125","author":"JM Splichal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Splichal, J. M., Oshima, J., & Oshima, R. (2018). Regulation of collaboration in project-based learning mediated by CSCL scripting reflection. Computers & Education, 125, 132\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.06.003","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"13367_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1177\/07356331231225269","volume":"62","author":"L Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun, L., & Liu, J. (2024). Effects of gamified python programming on primary school students\u2019 computational thinking skills: A differential analysis of gender. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 62(3), 846\u2013874.","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Computing Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"13367_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1080\/17501229.2022.2043870","volume":"17","author":"M Tanaka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanaka, M. (2023). Motivation, self-construal, and gender in project-based learning. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 17(2), 306\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17501229.2022.2043870","journal-title":"Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching"},{"key":"13367_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.103798","volume":"148","author":"X Tang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tang, X., Yin, Y., Lin, Q., Hadad, R., & Zhai, X. (2020). Assessing computational thinking: A systematic review of empirical studies. Computers & Education, 148, 103798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.103798","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"key":"13367_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Theobald, M. (2021). Self-regulated learning training programs enhance university students\u2019 academic performance, self-regulated learning strategies, and motivation: A meta-analysis. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 66, 101976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31234\/osf.io\/tf8nk.","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/tf8nk"},{"issue":"4","key":"13367_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/0735633120972356","volume":"59","author":"MJ Tsai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsai, M. J., Liang, J. C., & Hsu, C. Y. (2021). The computational thinking scale for computer literacy education. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 59(4), 579\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0735633120972356","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Computing Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"13367_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s11251-017-9438-9","volume":"46","author":"JS Vogler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vogler, J. S., Thompson, P., Davis, D. W., Mayfield, B. E., Finley, P. M., & Yasseri, D. (2018). The hard work of soft skills: Augmenting the project-based learning experience with interdisciplinary teamwork. Instructional Science, 46(3), 457\u2013488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11251-017-9438-9","journal-title":"Instructional Science"},{"key":"13367_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., & Lajoie, S. P. (2023). How does cognitive load interact with self-regulated learning? A dynamic and integrative model. Educational\u00a0Psychology Review, 35(3), 69.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-023-09794-6"},{"issue":"8","key":"13367_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1007\/s10763-021-10227-5","volume":"20","author":"C Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, C., Shen, J., & Chao, J. (2022). Integrating computational thinking in STEM education: A literature review. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 20(8), 1949\u20131972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10763-021-10227-5","journal-title":"International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education"},{"key":"13367_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33\u201335. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/Jeannette_Wing.pdf.","DOI":"10.1145\/1118178.1118215"},{"issue":"4","key":"13367_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2018.1534245","volume":"28","author":"GKW Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong, G. K. W., & Cheung, H. Y. (2020). Exploring children\u2019s perceptions of developing twenty-first century skills through computational thinking and programming. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(4), 438\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10494820.2018.1534245","journal-title":"Interactive Learning Environments"},{"issue":"3","key":"13367_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528-022-00695-z","volume":"66","author":"A Yadav","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yadav, A., Ocak, C., & Oliver, A. (2022). Computational Thinking and Metacognition. TechTrends, 66(3), 405\u2013411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11528-022-00695-z","journal-title":"TechTrends"},{"key":"13367_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-020-09250-2","volume":"32","author":"R Yilmaz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yilmaz, R., Karaoglan Yilmaz, F. G., & Keser, H. (2020). Vertical versus shared e-leadership approach in online project-based learning: A comparison of self-regulated learning skills, motivation and group collaboration processes. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 32, 628\u2013654.","journal-title":"Journal of Computing in Higher Education"},{"key":"13367_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yusuf, A., Noor, N. M., & Rom\u00e1n-Gonz\u00e1lez, M. (2024). Interaction Patterns during Block-Based Programming Activities Predict Computational Thinking: Analysis of the Differences in Gender, Cognitive Load, Spatial Ability, and Programming Proficiency.\u00a0AI, Computer Science and Robotics Technology.","DOI":"10.5772\/acrt.deposit.c.7389670"},{"issue":"5","key":"13367_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1108\/jedt-01-2019-0023","volume":"18","author":"Y Zadok","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zadok, Y. (2020). Project-based learning in robotics meets junior high school. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 18(5), 941\u2013958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jedt-01-2019-0023","journal-title":"Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR58","first-page":"6783878","volume":"2023","author":"Z Zarei Hajiabadi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zarei Hajiabadi, Z., Gandomkar, R., Ashrafifard, H., & Sandars, J. (2023). Self-Regulated Learning Diary Interventions and the Implications for Health Professions Education. Education Research International, 2023(1), 6783878.","journal-title":"Education Research International"},{"issue":"17","key":"13367_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3991\/ijet.v15i17.14135","volume":"15","author":"M Zarouk","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zarouk, M., Olivera, E., Peres, P., & Khaldi, M. (2020). The impact of flipped project-based learning on self-regulation in higher education. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 15(17), 127\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijet.v15i17.14135","journal-title":"International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET)"},{"issue":"1","key":"13367_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1177\/07356331221094250","volume":"61","author":"D Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, D., & Hwang, G. J. (2023). Effects of interaction between peer assessment and problem-solving tendencies on students\u2019 learning achievements and collaboration in mobile technology-supported project-based learning. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 61(1), 208\u2013234.","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Computing Research"},{"key":"13367_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s40299-013-0103-z","volume":"23","author":"K Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao, K., & Zheng, Y. (2014). Chinese Business English students\u2019 epistemological beliefs, self-regulated strategies, and collaboration in project-based learning. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 23, 273\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40299-013-0103-z","journal-title":"The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher"},{"key":"13367_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 13\u201339). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-012109890-2\/50031-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/b978-012109890-2\/50031-7"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13367-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13367-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13367-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T06:35:58Z","timestamp":1757140558000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13367-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["13367"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13367-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2357","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7608","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. Funding information will be included after acceptance of the manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}