{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:58:02Z","timestamp":1765961882539,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023M730241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023M730241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Educ Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-025-13578-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:31:04Z","timestamp":1745555464000},"page":"20445-20466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The effects of online courses on academic performance: The role of innovative teaching models and teacher-student interaction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1014-6786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lulu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"13578_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2023.102273","volume":"98","author":"T Agasisti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Agasisti, T., Barucci, E., Cannistr\u00e0, M., Marazzina, D., & Soncin, M. (2023). Online or on-campus? Analysing the effects of financial education on student knowledge gain. Evaluation and Program Planning, 98, 102273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2023.102273","journal-title":"Evaluation and Program Planning"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.2013.12087492","volume":"42","author":"J Allen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Allen, J., Gregory, A., Mikami, A., Lun, J., Hamre, B., & Pianta, R. (2013). Observations of effective teacher\u2013student interactions in secondary school classrooms: Predicting student achievement with the classroom assessment scoring system\u2014secondary. School Psychology Review, 42(1), 76\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02796015.2013.12087492","journal-title":"School Psychology Review"},{"issue":"10","key":"13578_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13689","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11711-x","volume":"28","author":"K Al-Said","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Said, K., Krapotkina, I., Gazizova, F., & Maslennikova, N. (2023). Distance learning: Studying the efficiency of implementing flipped classroom technology in the educational system. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 13689\u201313712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11711-x","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"2","key":"13578_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/01587910600789498","volume":"27","author":"Y Beldarrain","year":"2006","unstructured":"Beldarrain, Y. (2006). Distance Education Trends: Integrating new technologies to foster student interaction and collaboration. Distance Education, 27(2), 139\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01587910600789498","journal-title":"Distance Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.22219\/jinop.v8i1.18905","volume":"8","author":"HA Bukhori","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bukhori, H. A., Sunarti, S., Widyatmoko, T., & Ting, H. L. (2022). ADDIE method for implementation of virtual reality in online course using model project-based learning. JINoP (Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran), 8(1), 33\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22219\/jinop.v8i1.18905","journal-title":"JINoP (Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran)"},{"issue":"5","key":"13578_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s10459-010-9231-x","volume":"15","author":"DA Cook","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cook, D. A., Levinson, A. J., & Garside, S. (2010). Time and learning efficiency in Internet-based learning: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 15(5), 755\u2013770. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10459-010-9231-x","journal-title":"Advances in Health Sciences Education"},{"issue":"4","key":"13578_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1177\/0092055X12446624","volume":"40","author":"A Driscoll","year":"2012","unstructured":"Driscoll, A., Jicha, K., Hunt, A. N., Tichavsky, L., & Thompson, G. (2012). Can online courses deliver in-class results? A comparison of student performance and satisfaction in an online versus a face-to-face introductory sociology course. Teaching Sociology, 40(4), 312\u2013331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0092055X12446624","journal-title":"Teaching Sociology"},{"key":"13578_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecresq.2016.08.005","volume":"38","author":"DM Early","year":"2017","unstructured":"Early, D. M., Maxwell, K. L., Ponder, B. D., & Pan, Y. (2017). Improving teacher-child interactions: A randomized controlled trial of making the most of classroom interactions and my teaching partner professional development models. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 38, 57\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecresq.2016.08.005","journal-title":"Early Childhood Research Quarterly"},{"key":"13578_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fatima, T., Li, B., Malik, S. A., & Zhang, D. (2023). Mapping the relationship between virtual supervision, online program quality, and international student satisfaction in COVID-19 pandemic world: Does e-learning quality mediates the relationship. Interactive Learning Environments, 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10494820.2023.2177677","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2023.2177677"},{"issue":"9","key":"13578_CR10","first-page":"29","volume":"2","author":"EM Ganyaupfu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ganyaupfu, E. M. (2013). Teaching methods and students\u2019 academic performance. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 2(9), 29\u201335.","journal-title":"International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention"},{"key":"13578_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2023.104795","volume":"200","author":"C Gherghel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gherghel, C., Yasuda, S., & Kita, Y. (2023). Interaction during online classes fosters engagement with learning and self-directed study both in the first and second years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Computers and Education, 200, 104795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2023.104795","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"issue":"6","key":"13578_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6923","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10523-1","volume":"26","author":"R Gopal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gopal, R., Singh, V., & Aggarwal, A. (2021). Impact of online classes on the satisfaction and performance of students during the pandemic period of COVID 19. Education and Information Technologies, 26(6), 6923\u20136947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-021-10523-1","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"2","key":"13578_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"CJ Grandzol","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grandzol, C. J., & Grandzol, J. R. (2010). Interaction in online courses: More is not always better. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 13(2), 1\u201318.","journal-title":"Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233285841983285","DOI":"10.1177\/2332858419832852","volume":"5","author":"CMD Hart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hart, C. M. D., Berger, D., Jacob, B., Loeb, S., & Hill, M. (2019). Online learning, offline outcomes: Online course taking and high school student performance. AERA Open, 5(1), 2332858419832852. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2332858419832852","journal-title":"AERA Open"},{"key":"13578_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbr.2023.100292","volume":"10","author":"SFA Hossain","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hossain, S. F. A. (2023). Smartphone-based teacher-student interaction and teachers\u2019 helping behavior on academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 10, 100292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chbr.2023.100292","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijme.2022.100678","volume":"20","author":"D Kang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kang, D., & Park, M. J. (2022). Interaction and online courses for satisfactory university learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(3), 100678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijme.2022.100678","journal-title":"The International Journal of Management Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1177\/0047239516661713","volume":"46","author":"M Kebritchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kebritchi, M., Lipschuetz, A., & Santiague, L. (2017). Issues and challenges for teaching successful online courses in higher education: A literature review. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 46(1), 4\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0047239516661713","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Technology Systems"},{"key":"13578_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203125083","volume-title":"Teaching as a design science: Building pedagogical patterns for learning and technology","author":"D Laurillard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Laurillard, D. (2013). Teaching as a design science: Building pedagogical patterns for learning and technology. Routledge."},{"issue":"2","key":"13578_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2017.12.001","volume":"4","author":"AL Leal-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leal-Rodr\u00edguez, A. L., & Albort-Morant, G. (2019). Promoting innovative experiential learning practices to improve academic performance: Empirical evidence from a Spanish Business School. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 4(2), 97\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jik.2017.12.001","journal-title":"Journal of Innovation and Knowledge"},{"key":"13578_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, X., spsampsps Cutting, J. (2011). Rote learning in Chinese culture: Reflecting active Confucian-based memory strategies. In L. Jin spsampsps M. Cortazzi (Eds.), Researching Chinese Learners (pp. 21\u201342). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/9780230299481_2","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230299481_2"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1002\/bmb.21716","volume":"51","author":"S Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, S., Liu, Q., Guo, S., Li, Y., Chen, F., Wang, C., Wang, M., Liu, J., Liu, X., Wang, D., & Li, E. (2023). Research on the application of the blended BOPPPS based on an online and offline mixed teaching model in the course of fermentation engineering in applied universities. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education., 51(3), 244\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bmb.21716","journal-title":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education."},{"issue":"10","key":"13578_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.4236\/jss.2022.1010007","volume":"10","author":"L Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, L. (2022). \u201cStudent-centered\u201d OBE-PAD teaching model and practices\u2014The case of international business communication course. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 10(10), 99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/jss.2022.1010007","journal-title":"Open Journal of Social Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"13578_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11822-5","volume":"28","author":"L Mamedova","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mamedova, L., Rukovich, A., Likhouzova, T., & Vorona-Slivinskaya, L. (2023). Online education of engineering students: Educational platforms and their influence on the level of academic performance. Education and Information Technologies, 28(11), 15173\u201315187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11822-5","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"13578_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.06.392","volume":"195","author":"RS Nadiyah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nadiyah, R. S., & Faaizah, S. (2015). The development of online project based collaborative learning using ADDIE model. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 1803\u20131812. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.06.392","journal-title":"Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR25","first-page":"21","volume":"6","author":"AG Picciano","year":"2002","unstructured":"Picciano, A. G. (2002). Beyond student perceptions: Issues of interaction, presence, and performance in an online course. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 6(1), 21\u201340.","journal-title":"Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/70.1.41","volume":"70","author":"PR Rosenbaum","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biomet\/70.1.41","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijme.2017.08.003","volume":"15","author":"D Sanford","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanford, D. (2017). Course format and learning: The moderating role of overall academic performance. The International Journal of Management Education, 15(3), 490\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijme.2017.08.003","journal-title":"The International Journal of Management Education"},{"key":"13578_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2016.07.003","volume":"19","author":"ER Savelsbergh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Savelsbergh, E. R., Prins, G. T., Rietbergen, C., Fechner, S., Vaessen, B. E., Draijer, J. M., & Bakker, A. (2016). Effects of innovative science and mathematics teaching on student attitudes and achievement: A meta-analytic study. Educational Research Review, 19, 158\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.edurev.2016.07.003","journal-title":"Educational Research Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2009.01.008","volume":"53","author":"S \u015eenda\u011f","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u015eenda\u011f, S., & Ferhan Odaba\u015f\u0131, H. (2009). Effects of an online problem based learning course on content knowledge acquisition and critical thinking skills. Computers and Education, 53(1), 132\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2009.01.008","journal-title":"Computers and Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE-08-2020-0181","volume":"18","author":"GJ Stevens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stevens, G. J., Bienz, T., Wali, N., Condie, J., & Schismenos, S. (2021). Online university education is the new normal: But is face-to-face better? Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 18(3), 278\u2013297.","journal-title":"Interactive Technology and Smart Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.17507\/jltr.1401.07","volume":"14","author":"L Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun, L., & Asmawi, A. (2023). The effect of presentation-assimilation-discussion (PAD) class model on Chinese undergraduates\u2019 business English writing performance. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(1), 57\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17507\/jltr.1401.07","journal-title":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research"},{"key":"13578_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sweller, J. (2011). Cognitive load theory. In Psychology of Learning and Motivation (Vol. 55, pp. 37\u201376). Elsevier. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-387691-1.00002-8","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387691-1.00002-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12423","volume":"36","author":"NTT Thai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thai, N. T. T., De Wever, B., & Valcke, M. (2020). Face-to-face, blended, flipped, or online learning environment? Impact on learning performance and student cognitions. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 36(3), 397\u2013411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcal.12423","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1207\/S15389286AJDE1603_2","volume":"16","author":"C-H Tu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tu, C.-H., & McIsaac, M. (2002). The relationship of social presence and interaction in online classes. American Journal of Distance Education, 16(3), 131\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/S15389286AJDE1603_2","journal-title":"American Journal of Distance Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-022-00342-w","volume":"19","author":"Z Turan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Turan, Z., Kucuk, S., & Cilligol Karabey, S. (2022). The university students\u2019 self-regulated effort, flexibility and satisfaction in distance education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1), 35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-022-00342-w","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"13578_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-11171-9","volume":"28","author":"R Vezne","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vezne, R., Yildiz Durak, H., & Atman Uslu, N. (2023). Online learning in higher education: Examining the predictors of students\u2019 online engagement. Education and Information Technologies, 28(2), 1865\u20131889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-022-11171-9","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s40299-021-00630-5","volume":"32","author":"C-J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, C.-J. (2023). Learning and academic self-efficacy in self-regulated learning: Validation study with the BOPPPS model and IRS methods. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 32(1), 37\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40299-021-00630-5","journal-title":"The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher"},{"key":"13578_CR38","unstructured":"Zeng, X., Zheng, X., & Wang, J. (2020, December). Improvement of online education in graduation design for engineering undergraduates based on the CDIO model. Paper presented at the 17th International Conference on Innovation and Management (virtual)."},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-022-09348-9","volume":"35","author":"Y Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie, Y., Huang, Y., Luo, W., Bai, Y., Qiu, Y., & Ouyang, Z. (2023). Design and effects of the teacher-student interaction model in the online learning spaces. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 35(1), 69\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12528-022-09348-9","journal-title":"Journal of Computing in Higher Education"},{"issue":"5","key":"13578_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-018-9707-5","volume":"23","author":"S-C Yen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yen, S.-C., Lo, Y., Lee, A., & Enriquez, J. (2018). Learning online, offline, and in-between: Comparing student academic outcomes and course satisfaction in face-to-face, online, and blended teaching modalities. Education and Information Technologies, 23(5), 2141\u20132153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-018-9707-5","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"issue":"1","key":"13578_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16623","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-67667-6","volume":"14","author":"X Yuan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuan, X., Wan, J., An, D., Lu, J., & Yuan, P. (2024). Multi-method integrated experimental teaching reform of a programming course based on the OBE-CDIO model under the background of engineering education. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 16623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-67667-6","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"13578_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-020-09753-w","volume":"68","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu, Y., Zhang, J. H., Au, W., & Yates, G. (2020). University students\u2019 online learning attitudes and continuous intention to undertake online courses: A self-regulated learning perspective. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68(3), 1485\u20131519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11423-020-09753-w","journal-title":"Educational Technology Research and Development"}],"container-title":["Education and Information Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13578-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13578-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13578-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T06:49:42Z","timestamp":1758264582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13578-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["13578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-025-13578-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2357","1573-7608"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1360-2357"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7608"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that we have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}