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They were voluntary to participate in this research, and could retreat at any time. All data were collected and analyzed anonymously.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics in publishing"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The research participants agreed to participate in the study and their complete anonymity was ensured.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The test and questionnaire were conducted anonymously. Students\u2019 and teachers\u2019 participation was voluntary.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for the project \u201cResearch on Time-Emotion-Cognition Analysis Model and Automatic Feedback Mechanism of Online Asynchronous Interaction\u201d (Grant No. 62077007), and the First-Class Education Discipline Development of Beijing Normal University for the project \u201cResearch on Multimodal Process Data-Driven Automatic Analysis and Feedback for Deep Interdisciplinary Leaming\u201d (Grant No. YLXKPY-XSDW202401).","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}}]}}