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Understanding and predicting these issues through repository analysis might help manage software developers\u2019 well-being. Our objective is to link data from software repositories, that is commit activity, communication, expressed sentiments, and job events, with measures of well-being obtained with a daily experience sampling questionnaire. To achieve our objective, we studied a single software project team for eight months in the software industry. Additionally, we performed semi-structured interviews to explain our results. The acquired quantitative data are analyzed with generalized linear mixed-effects models with autocorrelation structure. We find that individual variance accounts for most of the <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> values in models predicting developers\u2019 experienced well-being and productivity. In other words, using software repository variables to predict developers\u2019 well-being or productivity is challenging due to individual differences. Prediction models developed for each developer individually work better, with fixed effects <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> value of up to 0.24. The semi-structured interviews give insights into the well-being of software developers and the benefits of chat interaction. Our study suggests that individualized prediction models are needed for well-being and productivity prediction in software development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-021-09977-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T11:02:55Z","timestamp":1624705375000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Individual differences limit predicting well-being and productivity using software repositories: a longitudinal industrial study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3695-7280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miikka","family":"Kuutila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u00eblick","family":"Claes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Elovainio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bram","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"9977_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams WC (2015) Conducting semi-structured interviews. 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