{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T04:03:55Z","timestamp":1775016235031,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF 18-55756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF 18-55756"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-55753"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-55753"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Empir Software Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-024-10532-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T11:02:08Z","timestamp":1728126128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An eye tracking study assessing source code readability rules for program comprehension"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Kang-il","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cole S.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nishitha","family":"Yedla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Baysinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jairo","family":"Aponte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5178-7160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonita","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"10532_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abid, NJ,\u00a0Sharif, B,\u00a0Dragan, N,\u00a0Alrasheed, H, Maletic JI (2019) Developer reading behavior while summarizing Java methods : Size and context matters. In: Proceedings of the 41th International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2019, page To Appear, New York, NY, USA, 2019. ACM","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00052"},{"key":"10532_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ajami S,\u00a0Woodbridge Y, Feitelson DG (2017) Syntax, predicates, idioms - what really affects code complexity? In: 2017 IEEE\/ACM 25th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 66\u201376","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2017.39"},{"key":"10532_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alaboudi, A., LaToza TD (2021) Edit - run behavior in programming and debugging. In: 2021 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL\/HCC), pages 1\u201310","DOI":"10.1109\/VL\/HCC51201.2021.9576170"},{"key":"10532_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsuhaibani RS, Newman CD, Decker MJ, Collard, ML, Maletic JI (2021) A survey on method naming standards: Questions and responses artifact. In: 2021 IEEE\/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion), pages 242\u2013243","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE-Companion52605.2021.00112"},{"issue":"2","key":"10532_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-016-0738-9","volume":"49","author":"R Andersson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Andersson R, Larsson L, Holmqvist K, Stridh M, Nystr\u00f6m M (2017) One algorithm to rule them all? An evaluation and discussion of ten eye movement event-detection algorithms. Behav Res Methods 49(2):616\u2013637","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"10532_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avidan, E, Feitelson DG (2017) Effects of variable names on comprehension: An empirical study. In: 2017 IEEE\/ACM 25th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 55\u201365","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2017.27"},{"key":"10532_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbosa LF, Pinto VH, de\u00a0Souza ALOT,\u00a0Pinto G (2022) To what extent cognitive-driven development improves code readability? In: Proceedings of the 16th ACM \/ IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, ESEM \u201922, page 238-248, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/3544902.3546241"},{"key":"10532_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauer J,\u00a0Siegmund J,\u00a0Peitek N, Hofmeister JC,\u00a0Apel S (2019) Indentation: Simply a matter of style or support for program comprehension? In: 2019 IEEE\/ACM 27th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 154\u2013164","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2019.00033"},{"key":"10532_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beelders TR, du\u00a0Plessis J-PL (2015) Syntax highlighting as an influencing factor when reading and comprehending source code. Journal of Eye Movement Research 9(1)","DOI":"10.16910\/jemr.9.1.1"},{"key":"10532_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjamini Y,\u00a0Hochberg Y (1995) Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological), 57(1):289\u2013300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"10532_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-012-9201-4","volume":"18","author":"D Binkley","year":"2013","unstructured":"Binkley D, Davis M, Lawrie D, Maletic JI, Morrell C, Sharif B (2013) The impact of identifier style on effort and comprehension. Empir Softw Eng 18(2):219\u2013276","journal-title":"Empir Softw Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"10532_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11219-015-9267-5","volume":"24","author":"J B\u00f6rstler","year":"2016","unstructured":"B\u00f6rstler J, Caspersen ME, Nordstr\u00f6m M (2016) Beauty and the beast: On the readability of object-oriented example programs. Software Qual J 24(2):231\u2013246","journal-title":"Software Qual J"},{"key":"10532_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f6rstler J,\u00a0St\u00f6rrle H,\u00a0Toll D,\u00a0van Assema J,\u00a0Duran R, Hooshangi S,\u00a0Jeuring J,\u00a0Keuning H,\u00a0Kleiner C,\u00a0MacKellar B (2018) \"I know it when I see it\" perceptions of code quality: ITiCSE \u201917 working group report. In: Proceedings of the 2017 ITiCSE Conference on Working Group Reports, ITiCSE-WGR \u201917, page 70-85, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/3174781.3174785"},{"key":"10532_CR14","unstructured":"Boswell D,\u00a0Foucher T (2011) The Art of Readable Code. O\u2019Reilly Media, Inc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10532_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(83)80031-5","volume":"18","author":"R Brooks","year":"1983","unstructured":"Brooks R (1983) Towards a theory of the comprehension of computer programs. Int J Man Mach Stud 18(6):543\u2013554","journal-title":"Int J Man Mach Stud"},{"key":"10532_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buse RP, Weimer WR (2008) A metric for software readability. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, ISSTA \u201908, page 121-130, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/1390630.1390647"},{"issue":"4","key":"10532_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2009.70","volume":"36","author":"RPL Buse","year":"2010","unstructured":"Buse RPL, Weimer WR (2010) Learning a metric for code readability. IEEE Trans Software Eng 36(4):546\u2013558","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Software Eng"},{"key":"10532_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busjahn T,\u00a0Bednarik R,\u00a0Begel A,\u00a0Crosby M, Paterson JH,\u00a0Schulte C, Sharif B,\u00a0Tamm S (2015) Eye movements in code reading: Relaxing the linear order. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Program Comprehension, pages 255\u2013265","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2015.36"},{"key":"10532_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cates R,\u00a0Yunik N, Feitelson DG (2021) Does code structure affect comprehension? on using and naming intermediate variables. In: 2021 IEEE\/ACM 29th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 118\u2013126","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC52881.2021.00020"},{"key":"10532_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daka E,\u00a0Campos J,\u00a0Fraser G,\u00a0Dorn J,\u00a0Weimer W (2015) Modeling readability to improve unit tests. In: Proceedings of the 2015 10th Joint Meeting on Foundations of Software Engineering, ESEC\/FSE 2015, page 107-118, New York, NY, USA, 2015. Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/2786805.2786838"},{"key":"10532_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Debue N,\u00a0van\u00a0de Leemput C (2014) What does germane load mean? an empirical contribution to the cognitive load theory. Front Psychol 5","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01099"},{"key":"10532_CR22","unstructured":"Dorn J (2012) A general software readability model"},{"key":"10532_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"dos Santos RMA, Gerosa MA (2018) Impacts of coding practices on readability. In: Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Program Comprehension, pages 277\u2013285","DOI":"10.1145\/3196321.3196342"},{"key":"10532_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fakhoury S,\u00a0Roy D,\u00a0Hassan A,\u00a0Arnaoudova V (2019) Improving Source Code Readability: Theory and Practice. In: 2019 IEEE\/ACM 27th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 2\u201312","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2019.00014"},{"issue":"3","key":"10532_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1037\/h0057532","volume":"32","author":"R Flesch","year":"1948","unstructured":"Flesch R (1948) A new readability yardstick. J Appl Psychol 32(3):221\u2013233","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10532_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1109\/32.106988","volume":"17","author":"GK Gill","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gill GK, Kemerer CF (1991) Cyclomatic complexity density and software maintenance productivity. IEEE Trans Software Eng 17(12):1284\u20131288","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Software Eng"},{"issue":"7","key":"10532_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-021-02326-w","volume":"83","author":"HJ Godwin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Godwin HJ, Hout MC, Alexd\u00f3ttir KJ, Walenchok SC, Barnhart AS (2021) Avoiding potential pitfalls in visual search and eye-movement experiments: A tutorial review. Atten Percept Psychophys 83(7):2753\u20132783","journal-title":"Atten Percept Psychophys"},{"key":"10532_CR28","unstructured":"Google Java Style Guide. https:\/\/google.github.io\/styleguide\/javaguide.html. Accessed: December 19, 2023"},{"key":"10532_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guarnera DT, Bryant CA,\u00a0Mishra A, Maletic JI,\u00a0Sharif B (2018) itrace: Eye tracking infrastructure for development environments. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications, ETRA \u201918, pages 105:1\u2013105:3, New York, NY, USA. ACM","DOI":"10.1145\/3204493.3208343"},{"issue":"11","key":"10532_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009481","volume":"17","author":"H Hunter-Zinck","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hunter-Zinck H, de Siqueira AF, V\u00e1squez VN, Barnes R, Martinez CC (2021) Ten simple rules on writing clean and reliable open-source scientific software. PLOS Computational Biology 17(11):1\u20139","journal-title":"PLOS Computational Biology"},{"key":"10532_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jbara A,\u00a0Matan A, Feitelson DG (2012) High-mcc functions in the linux kernel. In: 2012 20th IEEE International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 83\u201392","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2012.6240512"},{"key":"10532_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson J,\u00a0Lubo S,\u00a0Yedla N,\u00a0Aponte J,\u00a0Sharif B (2019) An empirical study assessing source code readability in comprehension. In: IEEE ICSME, pages 513\u2013523","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSME.2019.00085"},{"key":"10532_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kevic K, Walters BM, Shaffer TR,\u00a0Sharif B, Shepherd, DC, Fritz T (2015) Tracing software developers\u2019 eyes and interactions for change tasks. In: Proceedings of the 2015 10th Joint Meeting on Foundations of Software Engineering, ESEC\/FSE 2015, pages 202\u2013213, New York, NY, USA . ACM","DOI":"10.1145\/2786805.2786864"},{"issue":"12","key":"10532_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1109\/32.106989","volume":"17","author":"KB Lakshmanan","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lakshmanan KB, Jayaprakash S, Sinha PK (1991) Properties of control-flow complexity measures. IEEE Trans Software Eng 17(12):1289\u20131295","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Software Eng"},{"key":"10532_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawrie D,\u00a0Morrell C,\u00a0Feild H,\u00a0Binkley D (2006) What\u2019s in a name? a study of identifiers. In: 14th IEEE International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC\u201906), pages 3\u201312","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2006.51"},{"key":"10532_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-21388-5_21","volume-title":"Product-Focused Software Process Improvement","author":"K Ljung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ljung K, Gonzalez-Huerta J (2022) \u201cto clean code or not to clean code\" a survey among practitioners. In: Taibi D, Kuhrmann M, Mikkonen T, Kl\u00fcnder J, Abrahamsson P (eds) Product-Focused Software Process Improvement. Cham. Springer International Publishing, pp 298\u2013315"},{"key":"10532_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mannan UA,\u00a0Ahmed I,\u00a0Sarma A (2018) Towards understanding code readability and its impact on design quality. In: Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGSOFT International Workshop on NLP for Software Engineering, NL4SE 2018, page 18-21, New York, NY, USA . Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/3283812.3283820"},{"key":"10532_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mansoor N, Peterson CS, Dodd MD,\u00a0Sharif B (2024) Assessing the effect of programming language and task type on eye movements of computer science students. ACM Trans Comput Educ 24(1):2:1\u20132:38","DOI":"10.1145\/3632530"},{"key":"10532_CR39","volume-title":"Clean Code - A Handbook of Agile Software Craftmanship","author":"R Martin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Martin R (2009) Clean Code - A Handbook of Agile Software Craftmanship. Prentice Hall"},{"key":"10532_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mi Q,\u00a0Chen M,\u00a0Cai Z,\u00a0Jia X (2023) What makes a readable code? a causal analysis method. Software: Practice and Experience 53:1\u201319","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.3192"},{"key":"10532_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2022.111454","volume":"193","author":"Q Mi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mi Q, Hao Y, Ou L, Ma W (2022) Towards using visual, semantic and structural features to improve code readability classification. J Syst Softw 193:111454","journal-title":"J Syst Softw"},{"key":"10532_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mi Q,\u00a0Keung J,\u00a0Xiao Y,\u00a0Mensah S,\u00a0Mei X (2018) An inception architecture-based model for improving code readability classification. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering 2018, EASE\u201918, page 139-144, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/3210459.3210473"},{"issue":"11","key":"10532_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1145\/182.358437","volume":"26","author":"RJ Miara","year":"1983","unstructured":"Miara RJ, Musselman JA, Navarro JA, Shneiderman B (1983) Program indentation and comprehensibility. Commun ACM 26(11):861\u2013867","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"10532_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minelli R,\u00a0Mocci A,\u00a0Lanza M (2015) I know what you did last summer - an investigation of how developers spend their time. In: 2015 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Program Comprehension, pages 25\u201335","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2015.12"},{"key":"10532_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obaidellah U,\u00a0Al\u00a0Haek M, Cheng PC-H (2018) A survey on the usage of eye-tracking in computer programming. ACM Comput Surv 51(1)","DOI":"10.1145\/3145904"},{"key":"10532_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira D,\u00a0Bruno R,\u00a0Madeiral F,\u00a0Castor F (2020) Evaluating code readability and legibility: An examination of human-centric studies. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME), pages 348\u2013359","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSME46990.2020.00041"},{"key":"10532_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.111728","volume":"203","author":"D Oliveira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oliveira D, Santos R, Madeiral F, Masuhara H, Castor F (2023) A systematic literature review on the impact of formatting elements on code legibility. J Syst Softw 203:111728","journal-title":"J Syst Softw"},{"key":"10532_CR48","first-page":"4","volume":"21","author":"A Olsen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Olsen A (2012) The Tobii I-VT fixation filter. Tobii Technology 21:4\u201319","journal-title":"Tobii Technology"},{"key":"10532_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park K,\u00a0Weill-Tessier P,\u00a0Brown N,\u00a0Sharif B,\u00a0Jensen N,\u00a0K\u00f6lling M (2023) An eye tracking study assessing the impact of background styling in code editors on novice programmers\u2019 code understanding. In: 19th ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (ICER)","DOI":"10.1145\/3568813.3600133"},{"key":"10532_CR50","unstructured":"Park KI,\u00a0Sharif B,\u00a0Johnson J (2023) An eye tracking study assessing code readability rules in program comprehension - replication package. https:\/\/www.osf.io\/m39p8\/. Accessed: December 19, 2023"},{"key":"10532_CR51","unstructured":"PEP 8 - Style Guide for Python Code | peps.python.org. https:\/\/peps.python.org\/pep-0008\/. Accessed: December 19, 2023"},{"key":"10532_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peterson CS, Park K-I,\u00a0Baysinger I,\u00a0Sharif B (2021) An eye tracking perspective on how developers rate source code readability rules. In: 2021 36th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering Workshops (ASEW), pages 138\u2013139","DOI":"10.1109\/ASEW52652.2021.00037"},{"issue":"6","key":"10532_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5374","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-020-09886-9","volume":"25","author":"V Piantadosi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Piantadosi V, Fierro F, Scalabrino S, Serebrenik A, Oliveto R (2020) How does code readability change during software evolution? Empirical Softw Engg 25(6):5374\u20135412","journal-title":"Empirical Softw Engg"},{"key":"10532_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Posnett D,\u00a0Hindle A,\u00a0Devanbu P (2011) A simpler model of software readability. In: Proceedings of the 8th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories, MSR \u201911, pages 73\u201382, New York, NY, USA. ACM","DOI":"10.1145\/1985441.1985454"},{"issue":"3","key":"10532_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1145\/3468744.3468754","volume":"46","author":"D Posnett","year":"2021","unstructured":"Posnett D, Hindle A, Devanbu P (2021) Reflections on: A simpler model of software readability. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 46(3):30\u201332","journal-title":"ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes"},{"key":"10532_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scalabrino S,\u00a0Bavota G,\u00a0Vendome C,\u00a0Linares-V\u00e1squez M,\u00a0Poshyvanyk D, Oliveto R (2017) Automatically assessing code understandability: How far are we? In: 2017 32nd IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE), pages 417\u2013427","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2017.8115654"},{"issue":"3","key":"10532_CR57","first-page":"595","volume":"47","author":"S Scalabrino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Scalabrino S, Bavota G, Vendome C, Linares-V\u00e1squez M, Poshyvanyk D, Oliveto R (2021) Automatically assessing code understandability. TSE 47(3):595\u2013613","journal-title":"Automatically assessing code understandability. TSE"},{"issue":"6","key":"10532_CR58","volume":"30","author":"S Scalabrino","year":"2018","unstructured":"Scalabrino S, Linares-V\u00e1squez M, Oliveto R, Poshyvanyk D (2018) A comprehensive model for code readability. Journal of Software Systems 30(6):e1958","journal-title":"Journal of Software Systems"},{"key":"10532_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scalabrino S,\u00a0Linares-V\u00e1squez M,\u00a0Poshyvanyk D,\u00a0Oliveto R (2016) Improving code readability models with textual features. In 2016 IEEE 24th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC), pages 1\u201310","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPC.2016.7503707"},{"key":"10532_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schankin A,\u00a0Berger A, Holt DV, Hofmeister JC,\u00a0Riedel T,\u00a0Beigl M (2018) Descriptive compound identifier names improve source code comprehension. In: Proceedings of the 26th Conference on Program Comprehension, pages 31\u201340","DOI":"10.1145\/3196321.3196332"},{"key":"10532_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sedano T (2016) Code Readability Testing, an Empirical Study. In: 2016 IEEE 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training (CSEET), pages 111\u2013117","DOI":"10.1109\/CSEET.2016.36"},{"key":"10532_CR62","first-page":"96","volume-title":"2015 Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, APSEC 2015, New Delhi, India, December 1\u20134, 2015","author":"Z Sharafi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharafi Z, Shaffer T, Sharif B, Gu\u00e9h\u00e9neuc Y (2015) Eye-tracking metrics in software engineering. In: Sun J, Reddy YR, Bahulkar A, Pasala A (eds) 2015 Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, APSEC 2015, New Delhi, India, December 1\u20134, 2015. IEEE Computer Society, pp 96\u2013103"},{"key":"10532_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2015.06.008","volume":"67","author":"Z Sharafi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharafi Z, Soh Z, Gu\u00e9h\u00e9neuc Y-G (2015) A systematic literature review on the usage of eye-tracking in software engineering. Inf Softw Technol 67:79\u2013107","journal-title":"Inf Softw Technol"},{"key":"10532_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siegmund J,\u00a0Peitek N,\u00a0Parnin C,\u00a0Apel S,\u00a0Hofmeister J,\u00a0K\u00e4stner C, Begel A,\u00a0Bethmann A,\u00a0Brechmann A (2017) Measuring neural efficiency of program comprehension. In: Proceedings of the 2017 11th Joint Meeting on Foundations of Software Engineering, ESEC\/FSE 2017, page 140-150, New York, NY, USA . Association for Computing Machinery","DOI":"10.1145\/3106237.3106268"},{"issue":"5","key":"10532_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1177\/001872087001200505","volume":"12","author":"EA Smith","year":"1970","unstructured":"Smith EA, Kincaid JP (1970) Derivation and validation of the automated readability index for use with technical materials. Hum Factors 12(5):457\u2013564","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"key":"10532_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Storey M-A (2005) Theories, methods and tools in program comprehension: past, present and future. In: 13th International Workshop on Program Comprehension (IWPC\u201905), pages 181\u2013191","DOI":"10.1109\/WPC.2005.38"},{"key":"10532_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiese ES, Rafferty AN,\u00a0Fox A (2019) Linking code readability, structure, and comprehension among novices: It\u2019s complicated. In: 2019 IEEE\/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training (ICSE-SEET), pages 84\u201394","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE-SEET.2019.00017"},{"key":"10532_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winkler D,\u00a0Urbanke P,\u00a0Ramler R (2022) What do we know about readability of test code? - a systematic mapping study. In: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER), pages 1167\u20131174","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER53432.2022.00135"},{"issue":"10","key":"10532_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2017.2734091","volume":"44","author":"X Xia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xia X, Bao L, Lo D, Xing Z, Hassan AE, Li S (2018) Measuring program comprehension: A large-scale field study with professionals. IEEE Trans Software Eng 44(10):951\u2013976","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Software Eng"}],"container-title":["Empirical Software Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10664-024-10532-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10664-024-10532-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10664-024-10532-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T04:53:57Z","timestamp":1730868837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10664-024-10532-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10664-024-10532-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1382-3256","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7616","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declared that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the IRB review board at Youngstown State University.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standard"}}],"article-number":"160"}}