{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:50:39Z","timestamp":1770814239641,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740182400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2247929"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2247929"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["305020\/2019-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["305020\/2019-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"FAPERJ","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["E26\/201.038\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E26\/201.038\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"MCTIC\/CGI\/FAPESP","award":["2021\/06662-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/06662-1"]}]},{"name":"MCTIC\/CGI\/FAPESP","award":["2303042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2303042"]}]},{"name":"MCTIC\/CGI\/FAPESP","award":["2303612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2303612"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["311955\/2020-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["311955\/2020-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CNPq\/MCTI\/FNDCT","award":["408812\/2021-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408812\/2021-4"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2247929"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2247929"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2303042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2303042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2303612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2303612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Empir Software Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-025-10627-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T09:26:22Z","timestamp":1740216382000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analyzing the adoption of database management systems throughout the history of open source projects"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8907-1995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila A.","family":"Paiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Maximino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederico","family":"Paiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael Accetta","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Espanha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6680-7470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Felipe","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9943-5570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Wiese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1399-7535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Aur\u00e9lio","family":"Gerosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0612-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Steinmacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5173-1247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Murta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1184-8192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Braganholo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"10627_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Agarwal S (2013) Data mining: Data mining concepts and techniques. In: 2013 International conference on machine intelligence and research advancement, IEEE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Katra, India, pp 203\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICMIRA.2013.45","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMIRA.2013.45"},{"key":"10627_CR2","unstructured":"Agrawal R, Srikant R et\u00a0al (1994) Fast algorithms for mining association rules. In: Proc. 20th int. conf. very large data bases, VLDB, Santiago, Chile, vol 1215, pp 487\u2013499"},{"key":"10627_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Allamanis M, Sutton C (2013) Mining source code repositories at massive scale using language modeling. In: 2013 10th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR), pp 207\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MSR.2013.6624029","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR.2013.6624029"},{"key":"10627_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.09.016","volume":"146","author":"H Borges","year":"2018","unstructured":"Borges H, Tulio Valente M (2018) What\u2019s in a github star? Understanding repository starring practices in a social coding platform. J Syst Softw 146:112\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2018.09.016","journal-title":"J Syst Softw"},{"issue":"4","key":"10627_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1145\/1978915.1978919","volume":"39","author":"R Cattell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cattell R (2011) Scalable sql and nosql data stores. Acm Sigmod Record 39(4):12\u201327","journal-title":"Acm Sigmod Record"},{"issue":"2","key":"10627_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3158661","volume":"51","author":"A Davoudian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davoudian A, Chen L, Liu M (2018) A survey on nosql stores. ACM Comput Surv (CSUR) 51(2):1\u201343","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv (CSUR)"},{"key":"10627_CR7","unstructured":"DB-Engines (2022) Db-engines ranking. https:\/\/db-engines.com\/en\/ranking. Accessed 28 Feb 2022"},{"key":"10627_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dimolikas K, Zarras AV, Vassiliadis P (2020) A study on the effect of a table\u2019s involvement in foreign keys to its schema evolution. In: Conceptual modeling: 39th international conference, ER 2020, Vienna, Austria, November 3\u20136, 2020, Proceedings 39. Springer, pp 456\u2013470","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62522-1_34"},{"key":"10627_CR9","unstructured":"Elmasri R, Navathe S (2010) Fundamentals of database systems. Pearson"},{"issue":"1","key":"10627_CR10","first-page":"54","volume":"1","author":"P Fournier-Viger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fournier-Viger P, Lin JCW, Kiran RU, Koh YS, Thomas R (2017) A survey of sequential pattern mining. Data Sci Pattern Recognit 1(1):54\u201377","journal-title":"Data Sci Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"10627_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fournier-Viger P, Lin JCW, Gomariz A, Gueniche T, Soltani A, Deng Z, Lam HT (2016) The spmf open-source data mining library version 2. In: Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases: European conference, ECML PKDD 2016, Riva del Garda, Italy, September 19\u201323, 2016, Proceedings, Part III 16. Springer, Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 36\u201340","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46131-1_8"},{"key":"10627_CR12","unstructured":"Fowler M (2011) Polyglot persistence. https:\/\/martinfowler.com\/bliki\/PolyglotPersistence.html. Accessed 27 Jan 2025"},{"key":"10627_CR13","unstructured":"Gamma E, Helm R, Johnson R, Vlissides JM (1994) Design patterns: elements of reusable object-oriented software, 1st edn. Addison-Wesley Professional. http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented\/dp\/0201633612\/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpi_1"},{"key":"10627_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00450-016-0334-3","volume":"32","author":"F Gessert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gessert F, Wingerath W, Friedrich S, Ritter N (2017) Nosql database systems: a survey and decision guidance. Comput Sci-Res Dev 32:353\u2013365","journal-title":"Comput Sci-Res Dev"},{"key":"10627_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goeminne M, Decan A, Mens T (2014) Co-evolving code-related and database-related changes in a data-intensive software system. In: 2014 Software evolution week - IEEE Conference on Software Maintenance, Reengineering, and Reverse Engineering (CSMR-WCRE), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Antwerp, Belgium, pp 353\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CSMR-WCRE.2014.6747193","DOI":"10.1109\/CSMR-WCRE.2014.6747193"},{"key":"10627_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goeminne M, Mens T (2015) Towards a survival analysis of database framework usage in java projects. In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME), pp 551\u2013555. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSM.2015.7332512","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2015.7332512"},{"key":"10627_CR17","unstructured":"Han J, Pei J, Mortazavi-Asl B, Pinto H, Chen Q, Dayal U, Hsu M (2001) Prefixspan: Mining sequential patterns efficiently by prefix-projected pattern growth. In: Proceedings of the 17th international conference on data engineering. IEEE, pp 215\u2013224"},{"issue":"5","key":"10627_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1981.231113","volume":"SE\u20137","author":"S Henry","year":"1981","unstructured":"Henry S, Kafura D (1981) Software structure metrics based on information flow. IEEE Trans Softw Eng SE\u20137(5):510\u2013518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSE.1981.231113","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Softw Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"10627_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2005.22","volume":"38","author":"R Johnson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnson R (2005) J2ee development frameworks. Computer 38(1):107\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MC.2005.22","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"10627_CR20","unstructured":"JRebel (2020) 2020 java technology report. https:\/\/www.jrebel.com\/blog\/2020-java-technology-report. Accessed 09 Feb 2022"},{"key":"10627_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kalliamvakou E, Gousios G, Blincoe K, Singer L, German DM, Damian D (2014) The promises and perils of mining github. In: Proceedings of the 11th working conference on mining software repositories, ACM, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, MSR 2014, pp 92\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2597073.2597074","DOI":"10.1145\/2597073.2597074"},{"key":"10627_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4302-0168-7","volume-title":"Pro EJB 3: Java Persistence API (Pro)","author":"M Keith","year":"2006","unstructured":"Keith M, Schincariol M (2006) Pro EJB 3: Java Persistence API (Pro). Apress, USA"},{"key":"10627_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4842-3420-4","volume-title":"Pro JPA 2 in Java EE 8: An in-depth guide to java persistence APIs","author":"M Keith","year":"2018","unstructured":"Keith M, Schincariol M, Nardone M (2018) Pro JPA 2 in Java EE 8: An in-depth guide to java persistence APIs. Apress L. P, Berkeley, CA"},{"key":"10627_CR24","unstructured":"Kleppmann M (2017) Designing data-intensive applications: The big ideas behind reliable, scalable, and maintainable systems. O\u2019Reilly Media. https:\/\/books.google.com.br\/books?id=BM7woQEACAAJ"},{"key":"10627_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Linares-V\u00e1squez M, Li B, Vendome C, Poshyvanyk D (2015) How do developers document database usages in source code? (n). In: 2015 30th IEEE\/ACM international conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE), pp 36\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ASE.2015.67","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2015.67"},{"key":"10627_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lyu Y, Gui J, Wan M, Halfond WGJ (2017) An empirical study of local database usage in android applications. In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME), pp 444\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSME.2017.75","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSME.2017.75"},{"issue":"3","key":"10627_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","volume":"22","author":"M McHugh","year":"2012","unstructured":"McHugh M (2012) Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem Med 22(3):276\u201382","journal-title":"Biochem Med"},{"key":"10627_CR28","unstructured":"OpenHMS (2021) Sql query builders. https:\/\/openhms.sourceforge.io\/sqlbuilder\/. Accessed 23 May 2023"},{"key":"10627_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qiu D, Li B, Su Z (2013) An empirical analysis of the co-evolution of schema and code in database applications. In: Proceedings of the 2013 9th Joint meeting on foundations of software engineering, ACM, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, ESEC\/FSE 2013, pp 125\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2491411.2491431","DOI":"10.1145\/2491411.2491431"},{"key":"10627_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Raschka S (2018) Mlxtend: providing machine learning and data science utilities and extensions to python\u2019s scientific computing stack. J Open Source Softw 3(24):638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21105\/joss.00638. http:\/\/joss.theoj.org\/papers\/10.21105\/joss.00638","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.00638"},{"key":"10627_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roy-Hubara N, Shoval P, Sturm A (2022) Selecting databases for polyglot persistence applications. Data Knowl Eng 137:101950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.datak.2021.101950. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0169023X21000744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.datak.2021.101950"},{"key":"10627_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sahatqija K, Ajdari J, Zenuni X, Raufi B, Ismaili F (2018) Comparison between relational and nosql databases. In: 2018 41st international convention on information and communication technology, electronics and microelectronics (MIPRO). IEEE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Opatija, Croatia, pp 0216\u20130221","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO.2018.8400041"},{"key":"10627_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scherzinger S, Sidortschuck S (2020) An empirical study on the design and evolution of nosql database schemas. In: Conceptual modeling: 39th international conference, ER 2020, Vienna, Austria, November 3\u20136, 2020, Proceedings 39. Springer, pp 441\u2013455","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62522-1_33"},{"key":"10627_CR34","unstructured":"Turkish Technology (2024) N+1 select problem. https:\/\/medium.com\/@turkishtechnology\/n-1-select-problem-21a3717325b6. Accessed 17 Nov 2024"},{"key":"10627_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vassiliadis P (2021) Profiles of schema evolution in free open source software projects. In: 2021 IEEE 37th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE). IEEE, pp 1\u201312","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE51399.2021.00008"},{"key":"10627_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yan C, Cheung A, Yang J, Lu S (2017) Understanding database performance inefficiencies in real-world web applications. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, pp 1299\u20131308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3132847.3132954","DOI":"10.1145\/3132847.3132954"},{"key":"10627_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang J, Subramaniam P, Lu S, Yan C, Cheung A (2018) How $$<$$i$$>$$not$$<$$\/i$$>$$ to structure your database-backed web applications: a study of performance bugs in the wild. In: Proceedings of the 40th international conference on software engineering. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, ICSE \u201918, pp 800\u2013810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3180155.3180194","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180194"}],"container-title":["Empirical Software Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10664-025-10627-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10664-025-10627-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10664-025-10627-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T13:27:10Z","timestamp":1763645230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10664-025-10627-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10627"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10664-025-10627-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1382-3256","1573-7616"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1382-3256","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7616","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no financial or non-financial interests that are directly or indirectly related to this work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"71"}}