{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T07:42:37Z","timestamp":1774510957296,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005711","name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ethics Inf Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-026-09893-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T14:17:48Z","timestamp":1772893068000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Should we speak of machine agency? A case against conceptual extension"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7562-987X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elo\u00efse Changyue","family":"Soulier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"9893_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1162\/daed_a_01909","volume":"151","author":"BA Ag\u00fcera y Arcas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ag\u00fcera y Arcas, B. A. (2022). Do large language models understand us? Daedalus, 151(2), 183\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/daed_a_01909","journal-title":"Daedalus"},{"key":"9893_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brey, P. (2012). Values in technology and disclosive computer ethics. The Cambridge Handbook of Information and Computer Ethics (pp. 41\u201358). Cambridge University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cbo9780511845239.004","DOI":"10.1017\/cbo9780511845239.004"},{"key":"9893_CR3","unstructured":"Bryson, J. J. (2009). Robots should be slaves. https:\/\/static1.squarespace.com\/static\/5e13e4b93175437bccfc4545\/t\/5eaeeebcf2388247572252e9\/1588522684756\/robots-should-be-slaves.pdf (accessed 11.08.25)."},{"key":"9893_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Burgess, A., Cappelen, H., & Plunkett, D. (Eds.). (2020). Conceptual engineering and conceptual ethics. Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780198801856.003.0001","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198801856.003.0001"},{"issue":"12","key":"9893_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1111\/phc3.12086","volume":"8","author":"A Burgess","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burgess, A., & Plunkett, D. (2013). Conceptual ethics I. Philosophy Compass, 8(12), 1091\u20131101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/phc3.12086","journal-title":"Philosophy Compass"},{"key":"9893_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198814719.001.0001","volume-title":"Fixing Language, an essay on conceptual engineering","author":"H. Cappelen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cappelen, H. (2018). Fixing language, an essay on conceptual engineering. Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"3","key":"9893_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-010-9221-y","volume":"12","author":"M Coeckelbergh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Coeckelbergh, M. (2010). Moral appearances: Emotions, robots, and human morality. Ethics and Information Technology, 12(3), 235\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-010-9221-y","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"key":"9893_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/12549.001.0001","volume-title":"AI ethics","author":"M. Coeckelbergh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). AI ethics. MIT Press Essential Knowledge series."},{"key":"9893_CR9","unstructured":"Cole, D. (2023). The Chinese Room Argument. In E. N. Zalta & U. Nodelman (Eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2023). Metaphysics Research Lab Stanford University. https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/archives\/win2024\/entries\/chinese-room\/"},{"key":"9893_CR10","volume-title":"Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment","author":"P. H. Collins","year":"2009","unstructured":"Collins, P. H. (2009). Black feminist thought: knowledge, consciousness, and the politics of empowerment (2nd ed.). Routledge.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"9893_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5325\/jpoststud.3.1.0005","volume":"3","author":"J Danaher","year":"2019","unstructured":"Danaher, J. (2019). The philosophical case for robot friendship. Journal of Posthuman Studies, 3(1), 5\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5325\/jpoststud.3.1.0005","journal-title":"Journal of Posthuman Studies"},{"key":"9893_CR12","unstructured":"Deleuze, G., & Guattari, F. (1991). Quest-ce que la philosophie. Les \u00e9ditions de minuit."},{"key":"9893_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dupr\u00e9, J. (1981). Natural Kinds and Biological Taxa. In Source: The Philosophical Review (Vol. 90, Issue 1). https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/2184373?origin=crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/2184373"},{"key":"9893_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tops.12682","author":"KD Evans","year":"2023","unstructured":"Evans, K. D., Robbins, S. A., & Bryson, J. J. (2023). Do We Collaborate With What We Design? Topics in Cognitive Science. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tops.12682","journal-title":"Topics in Cognitive Science"},{"key":"9893_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floridi, L. (2011a). On the morality of artificial agents. In M. Anderson, & S. L. Anderson (Eds.), Machine ethics (pp. 184\u2013212). Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511978036.016"},{"key":"9893_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Floridi, L. (2011b). The Philosophy of Information. Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199232383.001.0001","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199232383.001.0001"},{"key":"9893_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floridi, L. (2023). The ethics of artificial intelligence: principles, challenges and opportunities. Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198883098.001.0001"},{"key":"9893_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Floridi, L., & Sanders, J. W. (2004). On the Morality of Artificial Agents. Minds and Machine, 349\u2013379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/B:MIND.0000035461.63578.9d","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MIND.0000035461.63578.9d"},{"key":"9893_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Friedman, B., & Hendry, D. (2019). Value Sensitive Design; shaping technology with moral imagination. The MIT Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/mitpress\/7585.001.0001","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7585.001.0001"},{"issue":"2","key":"9893_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-017-9442-4","volume":"20","author":"DJ Gunkel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gunkel, D. J. (2018). The other question: can and should robots have rights? Ethics and Information Technology, 20(2), 87\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-017-9442-4","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9893_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-2001.2005.tb00533.x","volume":"20","author":"S Haslanger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Haslanger, S. (2005). What Are We Talking About? The Semantics and Politics of Social Kinds. Hypatia, 20(4), 1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1527-2001.2005.tb00533.x","journal-title":"Hypatia"},{"key":"9893_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haslanger, S. (2013). Resisting Reality: Social Construction and Social Critique. Resisting Reality: Social Construction and Social Critique. Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199892631.001.0001","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199892631.001.0001"},{"key":"9893_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haslanger, S. (2020). Going on, not in the same way. In H. Cappelen, & D. Plunkett (Eds.), ConceptualEngineering and Conceptual Ethics (pp. 230\u2013260). Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780198801856.003.0012","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198801856.003.0012"},{"key":"9893_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8349.2006.00139.x","volume":"80","author":"S Haslanger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haslanger, S., & Saul, J. (2006). Philosophical analysis and social kinds. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volumes, 80, 89\u2013118. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/4107042","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volumes"},{"key":"9893_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hopster, J. (2021). What are socially disruptive technologies? Technology in Society, 67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.techsoc.2021.101750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2021.101750"},{"key":"9893_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hopster, J., Brey, P., Klenk, M., L\u00f6hr, G., Marchiori, S., Lundgren, B., & Scharp, K. (2023). Conceptual Disruption and the Ethics of Technology. In J. Hopster (Ed.), Ethics of Socially Disruptive Technologies (pp. 141\u2013159). Open Book Publishers. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11647\/obp.0366.06","DOI":"10.11647\/obp.0366.06"},{"issue":"4","key":"9893_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s13347-023-00670-3","volume":"36","author":"J Hopster","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hopster, J., & L\u00f6hr, G. (2023). Conceptual Engineering and Philosophy of Technology: Amelioration or Adaptation? Philosophy & Technology, 36(4), 70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13347-023-00670-3","journal-title":"Philosophy & Technology"},{"key":"9893_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johnson, D. G. (2011). Computer Systems: Moral entities but not moral agents. In M. Anderson & S. L. Anderson (Eds.), Machine Ethics (pp. 168\u2013183). Cambridge University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-006-9111-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-006-9111-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"9893_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-018-9481-5","volume":"20","author":"DG Johnson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Johnson, D. G., & Verdicchio, M. (2018). Why robots should not be treated like animals. Ethics and Information Technology, 20(4), 291\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-018-9481-5","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"key":"9893_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10670-021-00446-1","author":"S Koch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Koch, S. (2021). Why Conceptual Engineers Should Not Worry About Topics. Erkenntnis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10670-021-00446-1","journal-title":"Erkenntnis"},{"key":"9893_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/analys\/anad032","author":"S Koch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Koch, S., L\u00f6hr, G., & Pinder, M. (2023). Recent work in the theory of conceptual engineering. Analysis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/analys\/anad032","journal-title":"Analysis"},{"key":"9893_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kroes, P., & Verbeek, P. P. (Eds.). (2014). The moral status of technical artefacts. Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-7914-3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7914-3"},{"key":"9893_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4396\/sfl1316","author":"E Lalumera","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lalumera, E. (2014). On the explanatory value of the concept-conception distinction. Rivista Italiana Di Filosofia Del Linguaggio. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4396\/sfl1316","journal-title":"Rivista Italiana Di Filosofia Del Linguaggio"},{"key":"9893_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory (Vol. 301). Oxford University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780199256044.001.0001","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199256044.001.0001"},{"issue":"1","key":"9893_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3917\/ecopo1.056.0047","volume":"56","author":"B Latour","year":"2018","unstructured":"Latour, B. (2018). Esquisse d\u2019un Parlement des choses. Ecologie & Politique, 56(1), 47. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3917\/ecopo1.056.0047","journal-title":"Ecologie & Politique"},{"key":"9893_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10677-022-10321-9","author":"G L\u00f6hr","year":"2022","unstructured":"L\u00f6hr, G. (2022). Linguistic Interventions and the ethics of conceptual disruption. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10677-022-10321-9","journal-title":"Ethical Theory and Moral Practice"},{"key":"9893_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L\u00f6hr, G. (2023a). Conceptual disruption and 21st century technologies: A framework. Technology in Society, 74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.techsoc.2023.102327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2023.102327"},{"key":"9893_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L\u00f6hr, G. (2023b). Do socially disruptive technologies really change our concepts or just our conceptions? Technology in Society, 72. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.techsoc.2022.102160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2022.102160"},{"key":"9893_CR40","unstructured":"Machery, E. (2021). Beyond the Courtroom: Agency and the Perception of Free will. PhilPapers MACBTC-3."},{"issue":"1","key":"9893_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-024-09749-7","volume":"26","author":"S Marchiori","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marchiori, S., & Scharp, K. (2024). What is conceptual disruption? Ethics and Information Technology, 26(1), 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-024-09749-7","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"key":"9893_CR42","unstructured":"Mitchell, M., Ghosh, A., Luccioni, A. S., & Pistilli, G. (2025). Fully autonomous ai agents should not be developed. arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.02649."},{"key":"9893_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nissenbaum, H. (1998). Values in the design of computer systems. Computers and Society, 38\u201339.","DOI":"10.1145\/277351.277359"},{"key":"9893_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyholm, S. (2020). In O. Hansson (Ed.), HUMANS AND ROBOTS. Rowman & Littlefield.","DOI":"10.5771\/9781786612281"},{"key":"9893_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nyholm, S., & Frank, L. E. (2017). From sex robots to love robots: is mutual love with a robot possible? Robot Sex. The MIT Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262036689.003.0012","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262036689.003.0012"},{"key":"9893_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russo, F. (2022). Techno-scientific practices: An informational approach. Rowman and Littlefield.","DOI":"10.5771\/9781786612342"},{"issue":"8","key":"9893_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1080\/0020174X.2017.1392894","volume":"61","author":"M Simion","year":"2018","unstructured":"Simion, M. (2018). The \u2018should\u2019 in conceptual engineering. Inquiry (United Kingdom), 61(8), 914\u2013928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0020174X.2017.1392894","journal-title":"Inquiry (United Kingdom)"},{"key":"9893_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0020174X.2021.2000118","author":"A Thomasson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomasson, A. (2021). Conceptual engineering: when do we need it? How can we do it? Inquiry (United Kingdom). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0020174X.2021.2000118","journal-title":"Inquiry (United Kingdom)"},{"key":"9893_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thomasson, A. L. (2020). A pragmatic method for normative conceptual work. In Conceptual Engineering and Conceptual Ethics (pp. 435\u2013458). Oxford University PressOxford. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oso\/9780198801856.003.0021","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198801856.003.0021"},{"key":"9893_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0020174X.2022.2074886","author":"AL Thomasson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thomasson, A. L. (2022). How should we think about linguistic function? Inquiry (United Kingdom). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0020174X.2022.2074886","journal-title":"Inquiry (United Kingdom)"},{"key":"9893_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Veluwenkamp, H., Capasso, M., Maas, J., & Marin, L. (2022). Technology as driver for morally motivated conceptual engineering. Philosophy and Technology, 35(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13347-022-00565-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s13347-022-00565-9"},{"key":"9893_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Veluwenkamp, H., & van den Hoven, J. (2023). Design for values and conceptual engineering. Ethics and Information Technology, 25(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-022-09675-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-022-09675-6"},{"key":"9893_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.5040\/9781978731929.ch-0013","volume":"189","author":"PP Verbeek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verbeek, P. P. (2015). Toward a theory of technological mediation. Technoscience and postphenomenology: The Manhattan papers, 189, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5040\/9781978731929.ch-0013","journal-title":"Technoscience and postphenomenology: The Manhattan papers"},{"issue":"1","key":"9893_CR54","first-page":"121","volume":"109","author":"L Winner","year":"1980","unstructured":"Winner, L. (1980). Do Artifacts Have Politics? Daedalus, 109(1), 121\u2013136. https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/20024652","journal-title":"Daedalus"}],"container-title":["Ethics and Information Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10676-026-09893-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10676-026-09893-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10676-026-09893-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T05:50:54Z","timestamp":1774504254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10676-026-09893-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9893"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-026-09893-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-1957","1572-8439"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-1957","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8439","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 March 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"17"}}