{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T18:23:46Z","timestamp":1782498226836,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geoinformatica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-025-00560-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T08:13:12Z","timestamp":1761811992000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Deep gated hyperbolic sine reinforcement with Q learning based change detection and classification in satellite images"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Jambukeshwar S.","family":"Pujari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javed","family":"Wasim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aprna","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"560_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"60","author":"Q Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi Q, Liu M, Li S, Liu X, Wang F, Zhang L (2021) A deeply supervised attention metric-based network and an open aerial image dataset for remote sensing change detection. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 60:1\u201316","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2021.07.007","volume":"179","author":"X Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li X, Du Z, Huang Y, Tan Z (2021) A deep translation (GAN) based change detection network for optical and SAR remote sensing images. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 179:14\u201334","journal-title":"ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR3","first-page":"1","volume":"19","author":"S Fang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fang S, Li K, Shao J, Li Z (2021) SNUNet-CD: a densely connected siamese network for change detection of VHR images. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett 19:1\u20135","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett"},{"key":"560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11030431","volume":"11","author":"A Goswami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goswami A, Sharma D, Mathuku H, Gangadharan SM, Yadav CS, Sahu SK, Pradhan MK, Singh J, Imran H (2022) Change detection in remote sensing image data comparing algebraic and machine learning methods. Electronics 11:431","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"560_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2021.3056238","volume":"33","author":"Y Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu Y, Li J, Yuan Y, Qin AK, Miao Q-G, Gong M-G (2021) Commonality autoencoder: learning common features for change detection from heterogeneous images. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 33:4257\u20134270","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst"},{"key":"560_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"19","author":"X Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li X, He M, Li H, Shen H (2021) A combined loss-based multiscale fully convolutional network for high-resolution remote sensing image change detection. IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett 19:1\u20135","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Lett"},{"key":"560_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"60","author":"T Lei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lei T, Wang J, Ning H, Wang X, Xue D, Wang Q, Nandi AK (2021) Difference enhancement and spatial\u2013spectral nonlocal network for change detection in VHR remote sensing images. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 60:1\u201313","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR8","first-page":"1","volume":"60","author":"K Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang K, Xia G-S, Liu Z, Du B, Yang W, Pelillo M, Zhang L (2021) Asymmetric siamese networks for semantic change detection in aerial images. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 60:1\u201318","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR9","volume":"103","author":"D Peng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Peng D, Bruzzone L, Zhang Y, Guan H, He P (2021) SCDNET: a novel convolutional network for semantic change detection in high resolution optical remote sensing imagery. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf 103:102465","journal-title":"Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf"},{"key":"560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2022.3159528","volume":"15","author":"M Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao M, Zhao Z, Gong S, Liu Y, Yang J, Xiong X, Li S (2022) Spatially and semantically enhanced siamese network for semantic change detection in high-resolution remote sensing images. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens 15:2563\u20132573","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR11","first-page":"1","volume":"60","author":"L Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding L, Guo H, Liu S, Mou L, Zhang J, Bruzzone L (2022) Bi-temporal semantic reasoning for the semantic change detection in HR remote sensing images. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 60:1\u201314","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2021.10.015","volume":"183","author":"Z Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng Z, Zhong Y, Tian S, Ma A, Zhang L (2022) Changemask: deep multi-task encoder-transformer-decoder architecture for semantic change detection. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 183:228\u2013239","journal-title":"ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2024.10.010","volume":"218","author":"K Deng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deng K, Hu X, Zhang Z, Su B, Feng C, Zhan Y, Wang X, Duan Y (2024) Cross-modal change detection using historical land use maps and current remote sensing images. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 218:114\u2013132","journal-title":"ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14215402","volume":"14","author":"RK Patra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patra RK, Patil SN, Falkowski-Gilski P, \u0141ubniewski Z, Poongodan R (2022) Feature weighted attention\u2014bidirectional long short term memory model for change detection in remote sensing images. Remote Sens 14:5402","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR15","first-page":"1","volume":"60","author":"Y Feng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Feng Y, Xu H, Jiang J, Liu H, Zheng J (2022) IICIF-net: intra-scale cross-interaction and inter-scale feature fusion network for bitemporal remote sensing images change detection. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 60:1\u201313","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR16","volume":"128","author":"J Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei J, Sun K, Li W, Li W, Gao S, Miao S, Zhou Q, Liu J (2024) Robust change detection for remote sensing images based on temporospatial interactive attention module. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf 128:103767","journal-title":"Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf"},{"key":"560_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7052","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3374050","volume":"17","author":"Z Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Z, Ouyang B, Qiu S, Xu X, Cui X, Hua X (2024) Change detection in remote-sensing images using pyramid pooling dynamic sparse attention network with difference enhancement. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens 17:7052\u20137067","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3251","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3349775","volume":"17","author":"Y Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin Y, Liu S, Zheng Y, Tong X, Xie H, Zhu H, Du K, Zhao H, Zhang J (2024) An unsupervised transformer-based multivariate alteration detection approach for change detection in VHR remote sensing images. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens 17:3251\u20133261","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8189","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3384545","volume":"17","author":"J Jia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jia J, Lee G, Wang Z, Lyu Z, He Y (2024) Siamese meets diffusion network: smdnet for enhanced change detection in high-resolution RS imagery. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens 17:8189\u20138202","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3350044","volume":"17","author":"F Xiong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xiong F, Li T, Chen J, Zhou J, Qian Y (2024) Mask-guided local-global attentive network for change detection in remote sensing images. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens 17:3366\u20133378","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"N He","year":"2024","unstructured":"He N, Wang L, Zheng P, Zhang C, Li L (2024) Cbsasnet: a siamese network based on channel bias split attention for remote sensing change detection. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 62:1\u201317","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR22","volume":"117","author":"H Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin H, Weng L, Li Y, Xia M, Hu K, Lin H, Qian M (2023) Attention-guided Siamese networks for change detection in high resolution remote sensing images. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf 117:103206","journal-title":"Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf"},{"key":"560_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"61","author":"W Dong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dong W, Zhao J, Qu J, Xiao S, Li N, Hou S, Li Y (2023) Abundance matrix correlation analysis network based on hierarchical multihead self-cross-hybrid attention for hyperspectral change detection. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 61:1\u201313","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR24","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"J Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo J, Sun H, Han J, Song B, Chi Y, Song B (2024) Multitask fine-grained feature mining for multilabel remote sensing image classification. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 62:1\u201317","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR25","first-page":"1","volume":"62","author":"X Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang X, Yang Y, Ran L, Chen L, Wang K, Yu L, Wang P, Zhang Y (2024) Remote sensing image semantic change detection boosted by semi-supervised contrastive learning of semantic segmentation. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 62:1\u201313","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2024.2398070","volume":"17","author":"Q Ding","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ding Q, Shao Z, Huang X, Wang F, Wang M (2024) Mlfa-net: multi-level feature-aggregated network for semantic change detection in remote sensing images. Int J Digit Earth 17:2398070","journal-title":"Int J Digit Earth"},{"key":"560_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9595","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2024.3394571","volume":"17","author":"B Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang B, Jiang Z, Ma W, Xu X, Zhang P, Wu Y, Yang H (2024) Dual-dimension feature interaction for semantic change detection in remote sensing images. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens 17:9595\u20139605","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs16152858","volume":"16","author":"M Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim M, Lee S-J, Park S-E (2024) On unsupervised multiclass change detection using dual-polarimetric SAR data. Remote Sens 16:2858","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR29","volume":"118","author":"F Cui","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cui F, Jiang J (2023) MTSCD-net: a network based on multi-task learning for semantic change detection of bitemporal remote sensing images. Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf 118:103294","journal-title":"Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinf"},{"key":"560_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"61","author":"F He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He F, Chen H, Yang S, Guo Z (2023) A small sample-based multiclass change detection method using change vector analysis with adaptive weight gaussian mixture model. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 61:1\u201316","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12244135","volume":"12","author":"GB Rajendran","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rajendran GB, Kumarasamy UM, Zarro C, Divakarachari PB, Ullo SL (2020) Land-use and land-cover classification using a human group-based particle swarm optimization algorithm with an LSTM classifier on hybrid pre-processing remote-sensing images. Remote Sens 12:4135","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7651","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2021.3055584","volume":"59","author":"M Papadomanolaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Papadomanolaki M, Vakalopoulou M, Karantzalos K (2021) A deep multitask learning framework coupling semantic segmentation and fully convolutional LSTM networks for urban change detection. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 59:7651\u20137668","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6703","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-024-04328-3","volume":"27","author":"S Thapliyal","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thapliyal S, Kumar N (2024) Hyperbolic sine optimizer: a new metaheuristic algorithm for high performance computing to address computationally intensive tasks. Cluster Comput 27:6703\u20136772","journal-title":"Cluster Comput"},{"key":"560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2020.1862437","volume":"42","author":"H Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen H, Zhang K, Xiao W, Sheng Y, Cheng L, Zhou W, Wang P, Su D, Ye L, Zhang S (2021) Building change detection in very high-resolution remote sensing image based on pseudo-orthorectification. Int J Remote Sens 42:2686\u20132705","journal-title":"Int J Remote Sens"},{"key":"560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding L, Hong D, Zhao M, Chen H, Li C, Deng J, Yokoya N, Bruzzone L, Chanussot J (2025) A survey of sample-efficient deep learning for change detection in remote sensing: tasks, strategies, and challenges. In: IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine","DOI":"10.1109\/MGRS.2025.3533605"},{"key":"560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81204","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-2581","volume":"37","author":"Z Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng Z, Zhong Y, Zhang L, Ermon S (2024) Segment any change. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 37:81204\u201381224","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"}],"container-title":["GeoInformatica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10707-025-00560-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10707-025-00560-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10707-025-00560-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T02:55:26Z","timestamp":1782096926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10707-025-00560-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10707-025-00560-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1384-6175","1573-7624"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1384-6175","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7624","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 October 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2026","order":6,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":7,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The affiliation in this paper has been corrected by removing the comma between \"Manipal University\" and \"Jaipur\" to reflect the accurate institutional name.","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All applicable institutional and\/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For this type of analysis formal consent is not needed.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no potential conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of potential\u00a0conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"3"}}