{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T23:19:14Z","timestamp":1773789554838,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020610","name":"Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tech Know Learn"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>In contemporary times, possessing digital competence encompasses not only access to information and communication technologies (ICT) and their utilization, but also the acquisition of suitable knowledge and skills related to them. When it comes to the digital competencies of educators, studies in this field regularly report on the available professional development opportunities, but less attention is given to the educators\u2019 personal attitudes. In our viewpoint, the success of the digital competence development process greatly hinges on realistic and effective teacher self-reflection. Within this framework, digital competence could become an essential component of teacher self-evaluation and emerge as a genuine demand within the predominantly supply-driven professional development market. Based on this observation, we determined to approach 400 instructors teaching at agricultural vocational schools and encourage them to thoughtfully contemplate their own skills and attitudes through our questionnaire. The objective of this exploratory research was to examine the current state of digital competence and future development possibilities among educators, specifically within the context of agricultural education. Moreover, it aimed to identify the actual needs of teachers. The research findings indicate that teachers engaged in Hungarian agricultural vocational education expressed a more positive view of their digital competence than anticipated. Concurrently, infrastructure gaps and developmental directions came to light. Among the novel findings of our research is the fact that real self-reflection is an essential attribute of the teaching career and plays an important role in the development of competences. In this context, a key finding of the research is that respondents strongly expressed their need for subject-specific and didactically-based, thematic and free workshops\/courses to learn about the functioning of new ICT tools and platforms and their classroom applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10758-024-09766-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T06:03:12Z","timestamp":1722837792000},"page":"621-636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["An Overview of the Digital Competencies of Teachers in the Hungarian Secondary Agricultural Vocational Training System"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5666-9833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anik\u00f3","family":"Khademi-Vidra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Izabella M\u00e1ria","family":"Bakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"9766_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TJEM.2018.08.001","volume":"18","author":"H Akoglu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akoglu, H. (2018). User\u2019s guide to correlation coefficients. Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine, 18(3), 91\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.TJEM.2018.08.001.","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"9766_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2016.05.002","volume":"100","author":"G Almerich","year":"2016","unstructured":"Almerich, G., Orellana, N., Suarez-Rodr\u00edguez, J., & D\u00edaz, I. (2016). Teachers\u2019 information and communication technology competences: A structural approach. Computers & Education, 100, 110\u2013125.","journal-title":"Computers & Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"9766_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3384\/njvet.2242-458X.2010165","volume":"10","author":"SB Asplund","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asplund, S. B., & Kontio, J. (2020). Becoming a construction worker in the connected classroom: Opposing school work with smartphones as happy objects. Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 10(1), 65\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3384\/njvet.2242-458X.2010165.","journal-title":"Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training"},{"key":"9766_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barth, M. (2015). Implementing sustainability in higher education. Learning in an age of transformation (p. 226). Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203488355"},{"key":"9766_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baumert, J., & Kunter, M. (2013). The COACTIV Model of Teachers\u2019 Professional Competence. In Kunter, M., Baumert, J., Blum, W., Klusmann, U., Krauss, S. & Neubrand, M. (Eds.). Mathematics teacher education. v. 8: Cognitive activation in the mathematics classroom and professional competence of teachers (28\u201348). New York, London: Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-5149-5_2"},{"issue":"5","key":"9766_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.5539\/jel.v7n5p92","volume":"7","author":"V Belaya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Belaya, V. (2018). The Use of e-Learning in Vocational Education and Training (VET): Systematization of existing theoretical approaches. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(5), 92\u2013101.","journal-title":"Journal of Education and Learning"},{"issue":"16","key":"9766_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5942","DOI":"10.3390\/en16165942","volume":"16","author":"A Benedek","year":"2023","unstructured":"Benedek, A., Rokicki, T., & Szeber\u00e9nyi, A. (2023). Bibliometric Evaluation of Energy Efficiency in Agriculture. Energies, 16(16), 5942. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en16165942.","journal-title":"Energies"},{"issue":"6","key":"9766_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1108\/ET-01-2016-0001","volume":"58","author":"S Billett","year":"2016","unstructured":"Billett, S. (2016). Apprenticeship as a mode of learning and model of education. Education and Training, 58(6), 613\u2013628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ET-01-2016-0001.","journal-title":"Education and Training"},{"issue":"4","key":"9766_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1108\/IJSHE-10-2018-0183","volume":"20","author":"JO Brandt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brandt, J. O., B\u00fcrgener, L., Barth, M., & Redman, A. (2019). Becoming a competent teacher in education for sustainable development \u2013 learning outcomes and processes in teacher education. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 20(4), 630\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/IJSHE-10-2018-0183.","journal-title":"International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education"},{"issue":"15","key":"9766_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6094","DOI":"10.3390\/su12156094","volume":"12","author":"J Cabero-Almenara","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cabero-Almenara, J., Guti\u00e9rrez-Castillo, J. J., Palacios-Rodr\u00edguez, A., & Barroso-Osuna, J. (2020). Development of the teacher digital competence validation of DigCompEdu check-in questionnaire in the university context of Andalusia (Spain). Sustainability, 12(15), 6094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su12156094.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"9766_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/ejed.12345","volume":"54","author":"F Caena","year":"2019","unstructured":"Caena, F., & Redecker, C. (2019). Aligning teacher competence frameworks to 21st century challenges: The case for the European Digital Competence Framework for Educators (Digcompedu). European Journal of Education, 54(3), 356\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejed.12345.","journal-title":"European Journal of Education"},{"key":"9766_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cattaneo, A., Gurtner, J. L., & Felder, J. (2021). Digital tools as boundary objects to support connectivity in dual vocational education: Towards a definition of design principles. In: Zitter, I., Kyndt, E. & Beausaert, S. (Eds.): At the intersection of (continuous) education and work: Practices and underlying principles. London, 137\u2013157.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003091219-11"},{"key":"9766_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Choi, M., Cristol, D., & Gimbert, B. (2018). Teachers as digital citizens: The influence of individual backgrounds, internet use and psychological characteristics on teachers\u2019 levels of digital citizenship (Vol. 121, pp. 143\u2013161). Computers & Education. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.03.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.03.005"},{"issue":"3","key":"9766_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.13152\/IJRVET.7.3.5","volume":"7","author":"M Dobricki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dobricki, M., -Evi Colombo, A., & Cattaneo, A. (2020). Situating Vocational Learning and Teaching using Digital Technologies - A Mapping Review of Current Research Literature. International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training, 7(3), 344\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13152\/IJRVET.7.3.5.","journal-title":"International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training"},{"issue":"2","key":"9766_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1080\/14480220.2021.1979623","volume":"20","author":"AB Enochsson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Enochsson, A. B., Kilbirk, N., Andersen, A., & Adefors, A. (2021). Obstacles to progress: Swedish vocational teachers using digital technology to connect school and workplaces. International Journal of Training Research, 20(2), 111\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14480220.2021.1979623.","journal-title":"International Journal of Training Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"9766_CR15","first-page":"187","volume":"66","author":"M Eszenyin\u00e9 Borb\u00e9ly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eszenyin\u00e9 Borb\u00e9ly, M. (2019). Digital competencies of pedagogues. State of the art in 2018 part 2.: Results in different cultural areas. Scientific and Technical Information, 66(4), 187\u2013210.","journal-title":"Scientific and Technical Information"},{"key":"9766_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0007679005410548","author":"M Ghomi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghomi, M. (2019). C. Redecker (Ed.), Digital competence of educators (DigCompEdu): Development and evaluation of a self-assessment instrument for teachers\u2019 Digital competence. 11th International Conference on Computer Supported Educationhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0007679005410548.","journal-title":"11th International Conference on Computer Supported Education"},{"key":"9766_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2729.2009.00322.x","volume":"25","author":"A Guzman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guzman, A., & Nussbaum, M. (2009). Teaching competencies for technology integration in the classroom. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 25, 453\u2013469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2729.2009.00322.x.","journal-title":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning"},{"issue":"2","key":"9766_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s12186-015-9128-1","volume":"8","author":"R H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","year":"2015","unstructured":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen, R., & Cattaneo, A. (2015). New TEL environments for Vocational Education \u2013 teachers\u2019 instructional perspective. Vocations and Learning, 8(2), 135\u2013157.","journal-title":"Vocations and Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"9766_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.21831\/jpe.v8i1.32165","volume":"8","author":"R Hamid","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hamid, R., Sentrio, I., & Hasan, S. (2020). Online learning and its problems in the Covid-19 emergency period. Jurnal Prima Edukasia, 8(1), 86\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21831\/jpe.v8i1.32165.","journal-title":"Jurnal Prima Edukasia"},{"key":"9766_CR21","unstructured":"Hungarian Ministry of Innovation and Technology. (2019). VET 4.0. Mid-Term Policy Strategy for Vocational Education and Training and Adult Education."},{"key":"9766_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jossberger, H., Brand-Gruwel, S., van de Wiel, M., & Boshuizen, E. (2015). Teachers\u2019 perceptions of teaching in Workplace simulations in Vocational Education. Vocations and Learning, 8(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12186-015-9137-0.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12186-015-9137-0"},{"key":"9766_CR23","unstructured":"Kilbrink, N., Enochsson, A. B., & S\u00f6derlind, L. (2020). Digital technology as boundary objects: Teachers\u2019 experiences in Swedish vocational education. In C. Aprea, V. Sappa, & R. Tenberg (Eds.), Connectivity and Integrative Competence Development in Vocational and Professional Education and training (Vol. 29Band, pp. 233\u2013251). ZBW-B."},{"key":"9766_CR24","first-page":"60","volume":"9","author":"MJ Koehler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koehler, M. J., & Mishra, P. (2009). What is Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge? Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 9, 60\u201370.","journal-title":"Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education"},{"key":"9766_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kontio, J., & Lundmark, S. (2021). Didactical dilemmas with mobile phones in vocational educational classrooms. In: INTED2021 Proceedings: 15th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, 8\u20139 March 2021, The International Academy of Technology, Education and Development, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21125\/inted.2021.1737.","DOI":"10.21125\/inted.2021.1737"},{"issue":"4","key":"9766_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/00461520.2012.750225","volume":"48","author":"K Kreijns","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kreijns, K., Kirschner, P. A., & Vermeulen, M. (2013). Social aspects of CSCL environments: A research framework. Educational Psychologist, 48(4), 229\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00461520.2012.750225.","journal-title":"Educational Psychologist"},{"issue":"5","key":"9766_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12265","volume":"47","author":"L Lindsay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lindsay, L. (2016). Transformation of teacher practice using mobile technology with one-to-one classes: M-learning pedagogical approaches. British Journal of Educational Technology, 47(5), 883\u2013892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjet.12265.","journal-title":"British Journal of Educational Technology"},{"key":"9766_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lucas, M., Bem-Haja, P., Siddiq, P., Moreira, F., A., & Redecker, C. (2021). The relation between in-service teachers\u2019 digital competence and personal and contextual factors: What matters most? (Vol. 160, p. 104052). Computers & Education. 1https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2020.104052.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2020.104052"},{"key":"9766_CR29","unstructured":"McGarr, O., & McDonagh, A. (2019). Digital Competence in Teacher Education, output 1 of the erasmus\u2009+\u2009funded developing Student teachers\u2019 Digital Competence (DICTE) project. https:\/\/dicte.oslomet.no\/."},{"key":"9766_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A., Liao, J. Y. C., Sadik, O., & Ertmer, P. (2018). Evolution of teachers\u2019 Technology Integration Knowledge, Beliefs, and practices: How can we support beginning teachers Use of Technology? Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 50(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15391523.2018.1487350.","DOI":"10.1080\/15391523.2018.1487350"},{"key":"9766_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Punie, Y., Ferrari, A., & Bre\u010dko, B. (2013). DIGCOMP: a framework for developing and understanding digital competence in Europe, (Y.Punie,editor,B.Bre\u010dko,edito) Publications Office. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2788\/52966.","DOI":"10.2788\/52966"},{"issue":"2 SPECIAL ISSUE","key":"9766_CR32","first-page":"190","volume":"14","author":"S Rahmawati","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rahmawati, S., Abdullah, A. G., Widiaty, I., & Islami, A. R. (2022). The distributions of Vocational High School teachers\u2019 Advanced Digital competence (ADC). Journal of Technical Education and Training, 14(2 SPECIAL ISSUE), 190\u2013201.","journal-title":"Journal of Technical Education and Training"},{"key":"9766_CR33","unstructured":"Rieckmann, M. (2018). Chapter 2 - learning to transform the world: Key competencies in ESD. In A. Leicht, J. Heiss, & W. J. Byun (Eds.), Education on the move. Issues and trends in education for sustainable development (pp. 39\u201359). United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization."},{"key":"9766_CR34","unstructured":"Roll, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2020a). Competence development across diferent learning contexts in industry 4.0. In C. Aprea, V. Sappa, & R. Tenberg (Eds.), Connectivity and integrative competence development in vocational and professional education and training (pp. 185\u2013209). Franz Steiner."},{"key":"9766_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roll, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2020b). The impact of learning factories on multidisciplinary digital competencies. In Wuttke E, Seifried J, Niegemann H (Eds.), VET and professional development in the age of digitalization, 23\u201338.","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv18dvv1c.5"},{"key":"9766_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roll, M., & Ifenthaler, D. (2021). Multidisciplinary digital competencies of pre-service vocational teachers. Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training, 13(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40461-021-00112-4.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40461-021-00112-4"},{"issue":"3","key":"9766_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1080\/15391523.2015.1052663","volume":"47","author":"JM Rosenberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosenberg, J. M., & Koehler, M. J. (2015). Context and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK): A systematic review. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 47(3), 186\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15391523.2015.1052663.","journal-title":"Journal of Research on Technology in Education"},{"key":"9766_CR38","unstructured":"Sajtos, L., & Mitev, A. (2007). SPSS Research and Data Analysis Handbook (p. 402). Alinea."},{"issue":"1","key":"9766_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17763\/haer.57.1.j463w79r56455411","volume":"57","author":"L Shulman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Shulman, L. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the New Reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1\u201323.","journal-title":"Harvard Educational Review"},{"key":"9766_CR40","first-page":"2485","volume":"28","author":"M Suadad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suadad, M., - Kamarul, F. B. H., & Alavikunhu, P. (2022). Evaulation of digital competence level among educators in UAE Higher Education Institutions using Digital competence of educators (DigComEdu) framework. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 2485\u20132508.","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"9766_CR41","unstructured":"Szeber\u00e9nyi, A., & Ritter, K. (2021). Opportunities for Online Communication in Strengthening Environmental Awareness. In: Di\u00f3ssi, K., Ovsiannikova, S. & Mik\u00e1cz\u00f3, A. (Eds.) 4th International Management, Quality and Marketing Conference, Delo Publishers Ranepa, 83\u201397."},{"issue":"19","key":"9766_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7082","DOI":"10.3390\/en15197082","volume":"15","author":"A Szeber\u00e9nyi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Szeber\u00e9nyi, A., Rokicki, T., & Papp-V\u00e1ry, \u00c1. (2022). Examining the relationship between Renewable Energy and environmental awareness. Energies, 15(19), 7082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en15197082.","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"9766_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Teo, T., Unwin, S., Scherer, R., & Gardiner, V. (2021). Initial teacher training for twenty-first century skills in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0): A scoping review. Computers & Education, 170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104223.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104223"},{"issue":"7","key":"9766_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.3390\/su11071890","volume":"11","author":"P Vare","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vare, P., Arro, G., de Hamer, A., Del Gobbo, G., Vries, G., Farioli, F., Kadji-Beltran, C., Kangur, M., Mayer, M., Millican, R., Nijdam, C., R\u00e9ti, M., & Zachariou, A. (2019). Devising a competence-based training program for educators of Sustainable Development: Lessons learned. Sustainability, 11(7), 1890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su11071890.","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"9766_CR45","first-page":"22","volume":"11","author":"R Wadmany","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wadmany, R., & Kliachko, S. (2014). The significance of digital pedagogy: Teachers\u2019 perceptions and the factors influencing their abilities as digital pedagogues. Journal of Educational Technology, 11(3), 22\u201333.","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Technology"},{"key":"9766_CR46","unstructured":"Weinert, F. E. (2001). Concept of competence: A conceptual clarification. In D. S. Rychen, & L. H. Salganik (Eds.), Defining and selecting key competencies (pp. 45\u201365). Hogrefe and Huber."},{"key":"9766_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Pinto Llorente, A. M., & S\u00e1nchez G\u00f3mez, M. C. (2021). Digital competence in higher education research: A systematic literature review. Computers and Education, 168(8). 2020 Hungarian National Core Curriculum, https:\/\/www.agriteach.hu\/hu\/node\/83.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2021.104212"}],"container-title":["Technology, Knowledge and Learning"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09766-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09766-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09766-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,24]],"date-time":"2025-05-24T03:59:39Z","timestamp":1748059179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09766-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["9766"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09766-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2211-1662","2211-1670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2211-1662","type":"print"},{"value":"2211-1670","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 July 2024","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2024","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}}]}}