{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:57:04Z","timestamp":1776401824611,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["232733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["232733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN-2021-02602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2021-02602"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Speech Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10772-023-10027-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T18:02:48Z","timestamp":1678730568000},"page":"395-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The perception of artificial-intelligence (AI) based synthesized speech in younger and older adults"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6362-3043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"10027_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-021-01665-8","volume":"54","author":"J Agley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Agley, J., Xiao, Y., Nolan, R., & Golzarri-Arroyo, L. (2022). Quality control questions on Amazon\u2019s Mechanical Turk (MTurk): A randomized trial of impact on the USAUDIT, PHQ-9, and GAD-7. Behavior Research Methods, 54, 885\u2013897.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10027_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459308994257","volume":"68","author":"R Allen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Allen, R., & Brosgole, L. (1993). Facial and auditory affect recognition in senile geriatrics, the normal elderly and young adults. International Journal of Neuroscience, 68, 33\u201342.","journal-title":"International Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10027_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ammari, T., Kaye, J., Tsai, J. Y., & Bentley, F. (2019) Music, search, and IoT: How people (really) use voice assistants. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 26(3), Article No. 17.","DOI":"10.1145\/3311956"},{"key":"10027_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"045204","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0010274","volume":"2","author":"NB Aoki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aoki, N. B., Cohn, M., & Zellou, G. (2022). The clear speech intelligibility benefit for text-to-speech voices: Effects of speaking style and visual guise. JASA Express Letters, 2, 045204.","journal-title":"JASA Express Letters"},{"key":"10027_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4103.549","volume":"41","author":"SP Bacon","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bacon, S. P., Opie, J. M., & Montoya, D. Y. (1998). The effects of hearing loss and noise masking on the masking release for speech in temporally complex backgrounds. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41, 549\u2013563.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_JSLHR-H-ASCC7-18-0166","volume":"62","author":"BM Ben-David","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ben-David, B. M., Gal-Rosenblum, S., van Lieshout, P. H. H. M., & Shakuf, V. (2019). Age-related differences in the perception of emotion in spoken language: The relative roles of prosody and semantics. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 62, 1188\u20131202.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bentley, F., LuVogt, C., Silverman, M., Wirasinghe, R., White, B., & Lottridge, D. (2018) Understanding the long-term use of smart speaker assistants. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2(3), Article No. 91.","DOI":"10.1145\/3264901"},{"key":"10027_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1111\/ajps.12081","volume":"58","author":"AJ Berinsky","year":"2014","unstructured":"Berinsky, A. J., Margolis, M. F., & Sances, M. W. (2014). Separating the shirkers from the workers? Making sure respondents pay attention on self-administered surveys. American Journal of Political Science, 58, 739\u2013753.","journal-title":"American Journal of Political Science"},{"key":"10027_CR9","volume-title":"Manual for the clinical use of the revised SPIN Test","author":"RC Bilger","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bilger, R. C. (1984). Manual for the clinical use of the revised SPIN Test. The University of Illinois."},{"key":"10027_CR10","first-page":"341","volume":"5","author":"P Boersma","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boersma, P. (2001). Praat, a system for doing phonetics by computer. Glot International, 5, 341\u2013345.","journal-title":"Glot International"},{"key":"10027_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1044\/2019_AJA-HEAL18-18-0161","volume":"28","author":"L Brown","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brown, L., Mahomed-Asmail, F., De Sousa, K. C., & Swanepoel, D. W. (2019). Performance and reliability of a smartphone digits-in-noise test in the sound field. American Journal of Audiology, 28, 736\u2013741.","journal-title":"American Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"10027_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-018-1035-6","volume":"50","author":"EM Buchanan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buchanan, E. M., & Scofield, J. E. (2018). Methods to detect low quality data and its implication for psychological research. Behavior Research Methods, 50, 2586\u20132596.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10027_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1080\/08824096.2021.1980380","volume":"38","author":"E Buteau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Buteau, E., & Lee, J. (2021). Hey alexa, why do we use voice assistants? The driving factors of voice assistant technology use. Communication Research Reports, 38, 336\u2013345.","journal-title":"Communication Research Reports"},{"key":"10027_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1177\/1948550619875149","volume":"11","author":"M Chmielewski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chmielewski, M., & Kucker, S. C. (2020). An MTurk crisis? Shifts in data quality and the impact on study results. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 11, 464\u2013473.","journal-title":"Social Psychological and Personality Science"},{"key":"10027_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3109\/00207458808985784","volume":"43","author":"ES Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen, E. S., & Brosgole, L. (1988). Visual and auditory affect recognition in senile and normal elderly persons. International Journal of Neuroscience, 43, 89\u2013101.","journal-title":"International Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10027_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohn, M., Raveh, E., Predeck, K., Gessinger, I., M\u00f6bius, B., & Zellou, G. (2020). Differences in gradient emotion perception: Human vs. alexa voices. In: Proceedings of Interspeech. Shanghai, China, (pp. 1818\u20131822).","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2020-1938"},{"key":"10027_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohn, M., & Zellou, G. (2020). Perception of concatenative vs. neural text-to-speech (TTS): Differences in intelligibility in noise and language attitudes. In: Proceedings of Interspeech. Shanghai, China, (pp. 1733\u20131737).","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/86wbf"},{"key":"10027_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomm.2021.671429","author":"M Cohn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cohn, M., Liang, K.-H., Sarian, M., Zellou, G., & Yu, Z. (2021). Speech rate adjustments in conversations with an Amazon alexa socialbot. Frontiers in Communication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcomm.2021.671429","journal-title":"Frontiers in Communication"},{"key":"10027_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wocn.2021.101123","volume":"90","author":"M Cohn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cohn, M., Segedin, B. F., & Zellou, G. (2022). Acoustic-phonetic properties of Siri- and human-directed speech. Journal of Phonetics, 90, 101123.","journal-title":"Journal of Phonetics"},{"key":"10027_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomm.2021.675704","author":"M Cohn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cohn, M., & Zellou, G. (2021). Prosodic differences in human- and alexa-directed speech, but similar local intelligibility adjustments. Frontiers in Communication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcomm.2021.675704","journal-title":"Frontiers in Communication"},{"key":"10027_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooke, M., Mayo, C., & Valentini-Botinhao, C. (2013). Intelligibility-enhancing speech modifications: The hurricane challenge. In: Proceedings of Interspeech, Lyon, France, (pp. 3552\u20133556).","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2013-764"},{"key":"10027_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2166600","volume":"119","author":"M Cooke","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cooke, M. (2006). A glimpsing model of speech perception in noise. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 119, 1562\u20131573.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009713","volume":"148","author":"KJ Cruickshanks","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cruickshanks, K. J., Wiley, T. L., Tweed, T. S., Klein, B. E. K., Klein, R., Mares-Perlman, J. A., & Nondahl, D. M. (1998). Prevalence of hearing loss in older adults in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. American Journal of Epidemiology, 148, 879\u2013886.","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10027_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-014-0458-y","volume":"47","author":"JR de Leeuw","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Leeuw, J. R. (2015). jsPsych: A javaScript library for creating behavioral experiments in a web browser. Behavior Research Methods, 47, 1\u201312.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10027_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000775","volume":"41","author":"KC De Sousa","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Sousa, K. C., Swanepoel, D. W., Moore, D. R., Myburgh, H. C., & Smits, C. (2020). Improving sensitivity of the digits-in-noise test using antiphasic stimuli. Ear and Hearing, 41, 442\u2013450.","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2006\/015)","volume":"15","author":"KDR Drager","year":"2006","unstructured":"Drager, K. D. R., Clark-Serpentine, E. A., Johnson, K. E., & Roeser, J. L. (2006). Accuracy of repetition of digitized and synthesized speech for young children in background noise. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 15, 155\u2013164.","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"10027_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1480421","volume":"111","author":"JR Dubno","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dubno, J. R., Horwitz, A. R., & Ahlstrom, J. B. (2002). Benefit of modulated maskers for speech recognition by younger and older adults with normal hearing. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 111, 2897\u20132907.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1555611","volume":"113","author":"JR Dubno","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dubno, J. R., Horwitz, A. R., & Ahlstrom, J. B. (2003). Recovery from prior stimulation: Masking of speech by interrupted noise for younger and older adults with normal hearing. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 113, 2084\u20132094.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018777","volume":"25","author":"K Dupuis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dupuis, K., & Pichora-Fuller, M. K. (2010). Use of affective prosody by young and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 25, 16\u201329.","journal-title":"Psychology and Aging"},{"key":"10027_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000082","volume":"35","author":"K Dupuis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dupuis, K., & Pichora-Fuller, M. K. (2014). Intelligibility of emotional speech in younger and older adults. Ear & Hearing, 35, 695\u2013707.","journal-title":"Ear & Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_JSLHR-H-14-0256","volume":"58","author":"K Dupuis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dupuis, K., & Pichora-Fuller, M. K. (2015). Aging affects identification of vocal emotions in semantically neutral sentences. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 58, 1061\u20131076.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-021-01694-3","author":"P Eyal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Eyal, P., David, R., Andrew, G., Zak, E., & Ekaterina, D. (2021). Data quality of platforms and panels for online behavioral research. Behavior Research Methods. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13428-021-01694-3","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10027_CR33","first-page":"18","volume":"26","author":"K Feder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feder, K., Michaud, D., Ramage-Morin, P., McNamee, J., & Beauregard, Y. (2015). Prevalence of hearing loss among Canadians aged 20 to 79: Audiometric results from the 2012\/2013 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Health Reports, 26, 18\u201325.","journal-title":"Health Reports"},{"key":"10027_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1121\/1.400247","volume":"88","author":"JM Festen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Festen, J. M., & Plomp, R. (1990). Effects of fluctuating noise and interfering speech on the speech-reception threshold for impaired and normal hearing. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 88, 1725\u20131736.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2266530","volume":"120","author":"ELJ George","year":"2006","unstructured":"George, E. L. J., Festen, J. M., & Houtgast, T. (2006). Factors affecting masking release for speech in modulated noise for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 120, 2295\u20132311.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2008.01.012","volume":"239","author":"D Gnansia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gnansia, D., Jourdes, V., & Lorenzi, C. (2008). Effect of masker modulation depth on speech masking release. Hearing Research, 239, 60\u201368.","journal-title":"Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303299","volume":"106","author":"AM Goman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goman, A. M., & Lin, F. R. (2016). Prevalence of hearing loss by severity in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 106, 1820\u20131822.","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10027_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.2.93","volume":"59","author":"SD Gosling","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gosling, S. D., Vazire, S., Srivastava, S., & John, O. P. (2004). Should we trust web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about internet questionnaires. American Psychologist, 59, 93\u2013104.","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"10027_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Govender, A., Wagner, A. E., & King, S. (2019a). Using pupil dilation to measure cognitive load when listening to text-to-speech in quiet and in noise. In: Proceedings of Interspeech, Graz, Austria, (pp. 1551\u20131555).","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2019-1783"},{"key":"10027_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.21437\/SSW.2019-22","volume-title":"ISCA speech synthesis workshop","author":"A Govender","year":"2019","unstructured":"Govender, A., Valentini-Botinhao, C., & King, S. (2019b). Measuring the contribution to cognitive load of each predicted vocoder speech parameter in DNN-based speech synthesis. In\u00a0Proceedings 10th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop (pp. 121\u2013126). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21437\/SSW.2019-22."},{"key":"10027_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03201008","volume":"18","author":"BG Greene","year":"1986","unstructured":"Greene, B. G., Logan, J. S., & Pisoni, D. B. (1986). Perception of synthetic speech produced automatically by rule: Intelligibility of eight text-to-speech systems. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 18, 100\u2013107.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers"},{"key":"10027_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1121\/1.408346","volume":"95","author":"H\u00c5 Gustafsson","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gustafsson, H. \u00c5., & Arlinger, S. D. (1994). Masking of speech by amplitude-modulated noise. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 95, 518\u2013529.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15801","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15801","volume":"8","author":"MJ Henry","year":"2017","unstructured":"Henry, M. J., Herrmann, B., Kunke, D., & Obleser, J. (2017). Aging affects the balance of neural entrainment and top-down neural modulation in the listening brain. Nature Communications, 8, 15801.","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"10027_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.028","volume":"83","author":"B Herrmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Herrmann, B., Buckland, C., & Johnsrude, I. S. (2019). Neural signatures of temporal regularity processing in sounds differ between younger and older adults. Neurobiology of Aging, 83, 73\u201385.","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Aging"},{"key":"10027_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1489-17.2018","volume":"38","author":"B Herrmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Herrmann, B., Maess, B., & Johnsrude, I. S. (2018). Aging affects adaptation to sound-level statistics in human auditory cortex. The Journal of Neuroscience, 38, 1989\u20131999.","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10027_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.011","volume":"109","author":"B Herrmann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Herrmann, B., Maess, B., & Johnsrude, I. S. (2022). A neural signature of regularity in sound is reduced in older adults. Neurobiology of Aging, 109, 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Aging"},{"key":"10027_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e972","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002003","volume":"39","author":"JT Holder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Holder, J. T., Levin, L. M., & Gifford, R. H. (2018). Speech recognition in noise for adults with normal hearing: Age-normative performance for AzBio, BKB-SIN, and QuickSIN. Otology & Neurotology, 39, e972\u2013e978.","journal-title":"Otology &amp; Neurotology"},{"key":"10027_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1109\/TAU.1969.1162058","volume":"17","author":"IEEE","year":"1969","unstructured":"IEEE. (1969). IEEE recommended practice for speech quality measurements. IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics, 17(3), 225\u2013246.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Audio and Electroacoustics"},{"key":"10027_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5045","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2715-20.2021","volume":"41","author":"VC Irsik","year":"2021","unstructured":"Irsik, V. C., Almanaseer, A., Johnsrude, I. S., & Herrmann, B. (2021). Cortical responses to the amplitude envelopes of sounds change with age. The Journal of Neuroscience, 41, 5045\u20135055.","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10027_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5898","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09805-6","volume":"12","author":"VC Irsik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Irsik, V. C., Johnsrude, I. S., & Herrmann, B. (2022). Age-related deficits in dip-listening evident for isolated sentences but not for spoken stories. Scientific Reports, 12, 5898.","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10027_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1017\/psrm.2020.6","volume":"8","author":"R Kennedy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kennedy, R., Clifford, S., Burleigh, T., Waggoner, P. D., Jewell, R., & Winter, N. J. G. (2020). The shape of and solutions to the MTurk quality crisis. Political Science Research and Methods, 8, 614\u2013629.","journal-title":"Political Science Research and Methods"},{"key":"10027_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20427","DOI":"10.2196\/20427","volume":"9","author":"S Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, S. (2021). Exploring how older adults use a smart speaker-based voice assistant in their first interactions: Qualitative study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth, 9, e20427.","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth"},{"key":"10027_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324826AN0804_9","volume":"8","author":"I Kiss","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kiss, I., & Ennis, T. (2001). Age-related decline in perception of prosodic affect. Applied Neuropsychology, 8, 251\u2013254.","journal-title":"Applied Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10027_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1121\/1.383940","volume":"67","author":"DH Klatt","year":"1980","unstructured":"Klatt, D. H. (1980). Software for a cascade\/parallel formant synthesizer. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 67, 971\u2013995.","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000282","volume":"37","author":"A Koole","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koole, A., Nagtegaal, A. P., Homans, N. C., Hofman, A., Baatenburg de Jong, R. J., & Goedegebure, A. (2016). Using the digits-in-noise test to estimate age-related hearing loss. Ear and Hearing, 37, 508\u2013513.","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR56","unstructured":"Laricchia, F. (2022) Smart home product ownership rates in the U.S. 2020. Retrieved July 8, 2022, from https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/799584\/united-states-smart-home-device-survey-by-age\/"},{"key":"10027_CR57","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"JR Lewis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lewis, J. R. (2018). Investigating MOS-X ratings of synthetic and human voices. Voice Interaction Design, 2, 1\u201322.","journal-title":"Voice Interaction Design"},{"key":"10027_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2749454","volume":"122","author":"N Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li, N., & Loizou, P. C. (2007). Factors influencing glimpsing of speech in noise. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 122, 1165\u20131172.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-016-0727-z","volume":"49","author":"L Litman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Litman, L., Robinson, J., & Abberbock, T. (2017). TurkPrime.com: A versatile crowdsourcing data acquisition platform for the behavioral sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 49, 433\u2013442.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10027_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1044\/2018_JSLHR-H-18-0320","volume":"62","author":"C Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu, C., & Jin, S.-H. (2019). Psychometric functions of vowel detection and identification in long-term speech-shaped noise. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 62, 1473.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020600753213","volume":"45","author":"C Lorenzi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lorenzi, C., Husson, M., Ardoint, M., & Debruille, X. (2006). Speech masking release in listeners with flat hearing loss: Effects of masker fluctuation rate on identification scores and phonetic feature reception. International Journal of Audiology, 45, 487\u2013495.","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"10027_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410611147","volume-title":"Detection theory: A user's guide","author":"NA Macmillan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (2004). Detection theory: A user\u2019s guide. Psychology Press."},{"key":"10027_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233121651453772","DOI":"10.1177\/2331216514537722","volume":"18","author":"A MacPherson","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacPherson, A., & Akeroyd, M. A. (2014). Variations in the slope of the psychometric functions for speech intelligibility: A systematic survey. Trends in Hearing, 18, 2331216514537722.","journal-title":"Trends in Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10936-022-09875-7","author":"M Martzoukou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martzoukou, M., Nasios, G., Kosmidis, M. H., & Papadopoulou, D. (2022). Aging and the perception of affective and linguistic prosody. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10936-022-09875-7","journal-title":"Journal of Psycholinguistic Research"},{"key":"10027_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3390\/audiolres11030032","volume":"11","author":"M Masalski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Masalski, M., Adamczyk, M., & Morawski, K. (2021). Optimization of the speech test material in a group of hearing impaired subjects: A feasibility study for multilingual digit triplet test development. Audiology Research, 11, 342.","journal-title":"Audiology Research"},{"key":"10027_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCloy, D. R., Panfili, L., John, C., Winn, M., Wright, R. A. (2018). Gender, the individual, and intelligibility. In: 176th Meeting of the acoustical society of America. Victoria, BC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5067639"},{"key":"10027_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.06.032","volume":"71","author":"H McDermott Josh","year":"2011","unstructured":"McDermott Josh, H., & Simoncelli Eero, P. (2011). Sound texture perception via statistics of the auditory periphery: Evidence from sound synthesis. Neuron, 71, 926\u2013940.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10027_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1906584","volume":"22","author":"GA Miller","year":"1950","unstructured":"Miller, G. A., & Licklider, J. C. R. (1950). The intelligibility of interrupted speech. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 22, 167\u2013173.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20346","DOI":"10.2196\/20346","volume":"22","author":"M Milne-Ives","year":"2020","unstructured":"Milne-Ives, M., de Cock, C., Lim, E., Shehadeh, M. H., de Pennington, N., Mole, G., Normando, E., & Meinert, E. (2020). The effectiveness of artificial intelligence conversational agents in health care: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22, e20346.","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"key":"10027_CR70","first-page":"156","volume":"3","author":"RLC Mitchell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mitchell, R. L. C., & Kingston, R. A. (2011). Is age-related decline in vocal emotion identification an artefact of labelling cognitions? International Journal of Psychological Studies, 3, 156\u2013163.","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychological Studies"},{"key":"10027_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000241","volume":"61","author":"RLC Mitchell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mitchell, R. L. C., & Kingston, R. A. (2014). Age-related decline in emotional prosody discrimination. Experimental Psychology, 61, 215\u2013223.","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"10027_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021861","volume":"26","author":"RLC Mitchell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mitchell, R. L. C., Kingston, R. A., & Barbosa Bou\u00e7as, S. L. (2011). The specificity of age-related decline in interpretation of emotion cues from prosody. Psychology and Aging, 26, 406\u2013414.","journal-title":"Psychology and Aging"},{"key":"10027_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470987889","volume-title":"Cochlear hearing loss: Physiological psychological and technical issues","author":"BCJ Moore","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moore, B. C. J. (2007). Cochlear hearing loss: Physiological psychological and technical issues. Wiley."},{"key":"10027_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-008-0143-x","volume":"9","author":"BCJ Moore","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moore, B. C. J. (2008). The role of temporal fine structure processing in pitch perception, masking, and speech perception for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired people. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 9, 399\u2013406.","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology"},{"key":"10027_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16217","volume":"68","author":"K O'Brien","year":"2020","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K., Liggett, A., Ramirez-Zohfeld, V., Sunkara, P., & Lindquist, L. A. (2020). Voice-controlled intelligent personal assistants to support aging in place. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68, 176\u2013179.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"10027_CR76","unstructured":"O'Dea, S. (2021) Smartphone ownership in the U.S. 2015\u20132021. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/489255\/percentage-of-us-smartphone-owners-by-age-group\/."},{"key":"10027_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988704272214","volume":"18","author":"DM Orbelo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Orbelo, D. M., Grim, M. A., Talbott, R. E., & Ross, E. D. (2005). Impaired comprehension of affective prosody in elderly subjects is not predicted by age-related hearing loss or age-related cognitive decline. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 18, 25\u201332.","journal-title":"Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology"},{"key":"10027_CR78","unstructured":"Panfili, L. M., Haywood, J., McCloy, D. R., Souza, P. E., & Wright, R. A. (2017). The UW\/NU Corpus, Version 2.0 https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/phonlab\/projects\/uwnu.php."},{"key":"10027_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2007.03.002","volume":"104","author":"S Paulmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paulmann, S., Pell, M. D., & Kotz, S. A. (2008). How aging affects the recognition of emotional speech. Brain and Language, 104, 262\u2013269.","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10027_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000000312","volume":"37","author":"MK Pichora-Fuller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pichora-Fuller, M. K., Kramer, S. E., Eckert, M. A., Edwards, B., Hornsby, B. W. Y., Humes, L. E., Lemke, U., Lunner, T., Matthen, M., Mackersie, C. L., Naylor, G., Phillips, N. A., Richter, M., Rudner, M., Sommers, M. S., Tremblay, K. L., & Wingfield, A. (2016). Hearing impairment and cognitive energy: The framework for understanding effortful listening (FUEL). Ear & Hearing, 37(Suppl 1), 5S\u201327S.","journal-title":"Ear &amp; Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR81","volume-title":"The sense of hearing","author":"CJ Plack","year":"2014","unstructured":"Plack, C. J. (2014). The sense of hearing. Psychology Press."},{"key":"10027_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022390615396","volume":"6","author":"MD Polkosky","year":"2003","unstructured":"Polkosky, M. D., & Lewis, J. R. (2003). Expanding the MOS: Development and psychometric evaluation of the MOS-R and MOS-X. International Journal of Speech Technology, 6, 161\u2013182.","journal-title":"International Journal of Speech Technology"},{"key":"10027_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.4102\/sajcd.v65i1.574","volume":"65","author":"JM Potgieter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Potgieter, J. M., Swanepoel, W., & Smits, C. (2018). Evaluating a smartphone digits-in-noise test as part of the audiometric test battery. South African Journal of Communication Disorders, 65, e1\u2013e6.","journal-title":"South African Journal of Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10027_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00372.2016","volume":"116","author":"A Presacco","year":"2016","unstructured":"Presacco, A., Simon, J. Z., & Anderson, S. (2016). Evidence of degraded representation of speech in noise, in the aging midbrain and cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology, 116, 2346\u20132355.","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"10027_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2013.03.003","volume":"28","author":"T Raitio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Raitio, T., Suni, A., Vainio, M., & Alku, P. (2014). Synthesis and perception of breathy, normal, and Lombard speech in the presence of noise. Computer Speech & Language, 28, 648\u2013664.","journal-title":"Computer Speech & Language"},{"key":"10027_CR86","unstructured":"Richter F (2020) Smart speaker adoption continues to rise. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https:\/\/www.statista.com\/chart\/16597\/smart-speaker-ownership-in-the-united-states\/"},{"key":"10027_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0003956","volume":"149","author":"B Ross","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ross, B., Dobri, S., & Schumann, A. (2021). Psychometric function for speech-in-noise tests accounts for word-recognition deficits in older listeners. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 149, 2337\u20132352.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR88","first-page":"650","volume":"82","author":"PL Salza","year":"1996","unstructured":"Salza, P. L., Foti, E., Nebbia, L., & Oreglia, M. (1996). MOS and pair comparison combined methods for quality evaluation of text-to-speech systems. Acta Acustica United with Acustica, 82, 650\u2013656.","journal-title":"Acta Acustica United with Acustica"},{"key":"10027_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simantiraki, O., Cooke, M., & King, S. (2018). Impact of different speech types on listening effort. In: Proceedings of Interspeech. Hyderabad, India.","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2018-1358"},{"key":"10027_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2015901","volume":"61","author":"CA Simpson","year":"1977","unstructured":"Simpson, C. A., & Hart, S. G. (1977). Required attention for synthesized speech perception for two levels of linguistic redundancy. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 61, S7\u2013S7.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4789933","volume":"133","author":"C Smits","year":"2013","unstructured":"Smits, C., Goverts, S. T., & Festen, J. M. (2013). The digits-in-noise test: Assessing auditory speech recognition abilities in noise. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 133, 1693\u20131706.","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"10027_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/00003446-200502000-00008","volume":"26","author":"C Smits","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smits, C., & Houtgast, T. (2005). Results from the Dutch speech-in-noise screening test by telephone. Ear and Hearing, 26, 89\u201395.","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1080\/14992020400050004","volume":"43","author":"C Smits","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smits, C., Kapteyn, T. S., & Houtgast, T. (2004). Development and validation of an automatic speech-in-noise screening test by telephone. International Journal of Audiology, 43, 15\u201328.","journal-title":"International Journal of Audiology"},{"key":"10027_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aud.0000233917.72551.cf","volume":"27","author":"C Smits","year":"2006","unstructured":"Smits, C., Kramer, S. E., & Houtgast, T. (2006). Speech reception thresholds in noise and self-reported hearing disability in a general adult population. Ear and Hearing, 27, 538\u2013549.","journal-title":"Ear and Hearing"},{"key":"10027_CR95","unstructured":"Statistics-Canada (2021) Table 22-10-0115-01 Smartphone use and smartphone habits by gender and age group. Retrieved July 8, 2022, from https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/t151\/tbl151\/en\/tv.action?pid=2210011501"},{"key":"10027_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2004\/020)","volume":"47","author":"V Summers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Summers, V., & Molis, M. R. (2004). Speech recognition in fluctuating and continuous maskers. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47, 245\u2013256.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6393(96)00068-4","volume":"21","author":"P Taylor","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taylor, P., & Isard, A. (1997). SSML: A speech synthesis markup language. Speech Communication, 21, 123\u2013133.","journal-title":"Speech Communication"},{"key":"10027_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.08.038","volume":"77","author":"KA Thomas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thomas, K. A., & Clifford, S. (2017). Validity and mechanical Turk: An assessment of exclusion methods and interactive experiments. Computers in Human Behavior, 77, 184\u2013197.","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"10027_CR99","unstructured":"van den Oord, A., Dieleman, S., Zen, H., Simonyan, K., Vinyals, O., Graves, A., Kalchbrenner, N., Senior, A., & Kavukcuoglu, K. (2016). WaveNet: A generative model for raw audio. In: Proceedings 9th ISCA Workshop on Speech Synthesis Workshop (SSW 9), (p. 125)."},{"key":"10027_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4304.915","volume":"43","author":"A Wingfield","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wingfield, A., Lindfield Kimberly, C., & Goodglass, H. (2000). Effects of age and hearing sensitivity on the use of prosodic information in spoken word recognition. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 43, 915\u2013925.","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10027_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-017-1361-2","volume":"79","author":"KJP Woods","year":"2017","unstructured":"Woods, K. J. P., Siegel, M. H., Traer, J., & McDermott, J. H. (2017). Headphone screening to facilitate web-based auditory experiments. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79, 2064\u20132072.","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"key":"10027_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomm.2020.600361","author":"G Zellou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zellou, G., Cohn, M., & Ferenc Segedin, B. (2021). Age- and gender-related differences in speech alignment toward humans and voice-AI. Frontiers in Communication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcomm.2020.600361","journal-title":"Frontiers in Communication"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Speech Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10772-023-10027-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10772-023-10027-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10772-023-10027-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T11:17:13Z","timestamp":1690802233000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10772-023-10027-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10772-023-10027-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1381-2416","1572-8110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1381-2416","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8110","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author has no conflicts or competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}