{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T19:32:37Z","timestamp":1782502357836,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]],"date-time":"2018-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544832000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]],"date-time":"2018-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inf Syst Front"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-018-9889-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]],"date-time":"2018-12-15T06:15:35Z","timestamp":1544854535000},"page":"77-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Is Self-Citation Biased? An Investigation via the Lens of Citation Polarity, Density, and Location"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Lina","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uchechukwuka","family":"Amadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongsong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"9889_CR1","volume-title":"Sentiment analysis of citations using sentence structure-based features","author":"A Athar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Athar, A. (2011). Sentiment analysis of citations using sentence structure-based features. Portland, Oregon: Paper presented at the proceedings of the ACL 2011 Student Session."},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-010-0306-5","volume":"87","author":"C Bartneck","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bartneck, C., & Kokkelmans, S. (2010). Detecting h-index manipulation through self-citation analysis. Scientometrics, 87(1), 85\u201398.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR3","first-page":"395","volume":"24","author":"JR Blau","year":"2000","unstructured":"Blau, J. R. (2000). Group enmity and accord: The commercial Press in Three American Cities. Social Science History, 24(2), 395\u2013413.","journal-title":"Social Science History"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02017571","volume":"21","author":"S Bonzi","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bonzi, S., & Snyder, H. W. (1991). Motivations for citation: A comparison of self citation and citation to others. Scientometrics, 21(2), 245\u2013254.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014462","volume":"116","author":"JS Bowers","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bowers, J. S. (2009). On the biological plausibility of grandmother cells: Implications for neural network theories in psychology and neuroscience. Psychological Review, 116(1), 220\u2013251.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018047","volume":"117","author":"JS Bowers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bowers, J. S. (2010). More on grandmother cells and the biological implausibility of PDP models of cognition: A reply to Plaut and McClelland (2010) and Quian Quiroga and Kreiman (2010). Psychological Review, 117(1), 300\u2013306 discussion 289\u2013390, 297\u2013309, 306\u2013308.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630360402","volume":"36","author":"TA Brooks","year":"1985","unstructured":"Brooks, T. A. (1985). Private acts and public objects: An investigation of citer motivations. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 36(4), 223\u2013229.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.4630370106","volume":"37","author":"TA Brooks","year":"1986","unstructured":"Brooks, T. A. (1986). Evidence of complex citer motivations. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 37(1), 34\u201336.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"9889_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1108\/14684520911011043","volume":"33","author":"RJC Brown","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brown, R. J. C. (2009). A simple method for excluding self-citation from the h-index: The b-index. Online Information Review, 33(6), 1129\u20131136.","journal-title":"Online Information Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-006-0024-1","volume":"66","author":"L Butler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Butler, L., & Visser, M. S. (2006). Extending citation analysis to non-source items. Scientometrics, 66(2), 327\u2013343.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(198907)40:4<284::AID-ASI10>3.0.CO;2-Z","volume":"40","author":"V Cano","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cano, V. (1989). Citation behavior: Classification, utility, and location. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 40(4), 284\u2013290.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"9889_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(2000)51:7<635::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-H","volume":"51","author":"DO Case","year":"2000","unstructured":"Case, D. O., & Higgins, G. M. (2000). How can we investigate citation behavior? A study of reasons for citing literature in communication. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 51(7), 635\u2013645.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"issue":"45","key":"9889_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13823","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1502280112","volume":"112","author":"C Catalinia","year":"2006","unstructured":"Catalinia, C., Laceterab, N., & Oettlc, A. (2006). The incidence and role of negative citations in science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 112(45), 13823\u201313826.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277500500403","volume":"5","author":"DE Chubin","year":"1975","unstructured":"Chubin, D. E., & Moitra, S. D. (1975). Content analysis of references: Adjunct or alternative to citation counting? Social Studies of Science, 5(4), 423\u2013441.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"key":"9889_CR15","first-page":"23","volume":"6","author":"J Cole","year":"1971","unstructured":"Cole, J., & Cole, S. (1971). Measuring the quality of sociological research: Problems in the use of the science citation index. The American Sociologist, 6, 23\u201329.","journal-title":"The American Sociologist"},{"key":"9889_CR16","unstructured":"Couto, F. M., Pesquita, C., Grego, T., & Ver\u00edssimo, P. (2009). Handling self-citations using Google scholar. Cybermetrics: International Journal of Scientometrics, Informetrics and Bibliometrics, 13(1)."},{"key":"9889_CR17","volume-title":"Dictionary of bibliometrics","author":"V Diodato","year":"1994","unstructured":"Diodato, V. (1994). Dictionary of bibliometrics. New York: Haworth Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-008-9147-7","volume":"11","author":"Y Dwivedi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dwivedi, Y., Lal, B., Mustafee, B., & Williams, M. (2009). Profiling a decade of information systems frontiers\u2019 research. Information Systems Frontiers, 11(1), 87\u2013102.","journal-title":"Information Systems Frontiers"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x","volume":"62","author":"S Elo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elo, S., & Kyngas, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107\u2013115.","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"},{"key":"9889_CR20","volume-title":"Information research: Research methods in library and information science","author":"A Ferligoj","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ferligoj, A., Mari\u010di\u0107, S., Pifat, G., & Spaventi, J. (1988). Cluster analysis of citation histories from an institutional setting. In N. Tudor-\u0160ilovi\u0107 & I. Mihel (Eds.), Information research: Research methods in library and information science. London: Taylor Graham."},{"issue":"11","key":"9889_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22976","volume":"64","author":"E Ferrara","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ferrara, E., & Romero, A. E. (2013). Scientific impact evaluation and the effect of self-citations: Mitigating the bias by discounting the h-index. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 64(11), 2332\u20132339.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"9889_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fooladi, M., Salehi, H., Yunus, M. M., Farhadi, M., Chadegani, A. A., Farhadi, H., & Ebrahim, N. A. (2013). Does criticisms overcome the praises of journal impact factor? Asian Social Science, 9(5).","DOI":"10.5539\/ass.v9n5p176"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-007-1777-2","volume":"72","author":"JH Fowler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fowler, J. H., & Aksnes, D. W. (2007). Does self-citation pay? Scientometrics, 72(3), 427\u2013437.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"4060","key":"9889_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1126\/science.178.4060.471","volume":"178","author":"E Garfield","year":"1972","unstructured":"Garfield, E. (1972). Citation analysis as a tool in journal evaluation: Journals can be ranked by frequency and impact of citations for science policy studies. Science, 178(4060), 471\u2013479.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-006-0098-9","volume":"67","author":"W Gl\u00e4nzel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gl\u00e4nzel, W., Debackere, K., Thijs, B., & Schubert, A. (2006). A concise review on the role of author self-citations in information science, bibliometrics and science policy. Scientometrics, 67(2), 263\u2013277.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20953","volume":"60","author":"A-W Harzing","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harzing, A.-W., & van der Wal, R. (2009). A Google scholar h-index for journals: An alternative metric to measure journal impact in economics and business. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 60(1), 41\u201346.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"46","key":"9889_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16569","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507655102","volume":"102","author":"JE Hirsch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hirsch, J. E. (2005). An index to quantify an individual's scientific research output. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102(46), 16569\u201316572.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-010-0193-9","volume":"85","author":"JE Hirsch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hirsch, J. E. (2010). An index to quantify an individual\u2019s scientific research output that takes into account the effect of multiple coauthorship. Scientometrics, 85(3), 741\u2013754.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1177\/1049731510369141","volume":"21","author":"DR Hodge","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hodge, D. R., & Lacasse, J. R. (2011). Evaluating journal quality: Is the H-index a better measure than impact factors? Research on Social Work Practice, 21(2), 222\u2013230.","journal-title":"Research on Social Work Practice"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.10204","volume":"54","author":"K Hyland","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hyland, K. (2003). Self-citation and self-reference: Credibility and promotion in academic publication. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 54(3), 251\u2013259.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.11.008","volume":"78","author":"JPA Ioannidis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2015). A generalized view of self-citation: Direct, co-author, collaborative, and coercive induced self-citation. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 78(1), 7\u201311.","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-017-9810-y","volume":"20","author":"KK Kapoor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kapoor, K. K., Tamilmani, K., Rana, N. P., Patil, P., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Nerur, S. (2018). Advances in social media research: Past, present and future. Information Systems Frontiers, 20(3), 531\u2013558.","journal-title":"Information Systems Frontiers"},{"key":"9889_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kulkarni, Aziz, Shams, & Busse (2011). Author self-citation in the general medicine literature. PLoS One, 6(6), e20885.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020885"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10484-011-9171-0","volume":"37","author":"E Labkovsky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Labkovsky, E., & Rosenfeld, J. P. (2012). The P300-based, complex trial protocol for concealed information detection resists any number of sequential countermeasures against up to five irrelevant stimuli. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 37(1), 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00990.2010","volume":"106","author":"SR Lehky","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lehky, S. R., Kiani, R., Esteky, H., & Tanaka, K. (2011). Statistics of visual responses in primate inferotemporal cortex to object stimuli. Journal of Neurophysiology, 106(3), 1097\u20131117.","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2013\/37.4.01","volume":"37","author":"PB Lowry","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lowry, P. B., Moody, G. D., Gaskin, J., Galletta, D. F., Humpherys, S. L., Barlow, J. B., & Wilson, D. W. (2013). Evaluating journal quality and the association for information systems senior scholars' journal basket via bibliometric measures: Do expert journal assessments add value? MIS Quarterly., 37(4), 993\u20131012.","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly."},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410810844150","volume":"64","author":"B Lutz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lutz, B., & Hans-Dieter, D. (2008). What do citation counts measure? A review of studies on citing behavior. Journal of Documentation, 64(1), 45\u201380.","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"6","key":"9889_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4571(19980501)49:6<530::AID-ASI5>3.0.CO;2-8","volume":"49","author":"S Mari\u010di\u0107","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mari\u010di\u0107, S., Spaventi, J., Pavi\u010di\u0107, L., & Pifat-Mrzljak, G. (1998). Citation context versus the frequency counts of citation histories. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 49(6), 530\u2013540.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"9889_CR39","unstructured":"Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative content analysis. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung \/ Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(2)."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"9889_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02017729","volume":"17","author":"K McCain","year":"1989","unstructured":"McCain, K., & Turner, K. (1989). Citation context analysis and aging patterns of journal articles in molecular genetics. Scientometrics, 17(1\u20132), 127\u2013163.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00615.x","volume":"45","author":"R Mertens","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mertens, R., & Allen, J. J. B. (2008). The role of psychophysiology in forensic assessments: Deception detection, ERPs, and virtual reality mock crime scenarios. Psychophysiology, 45(2), 286\u2013298. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00615.x\n\n.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277500500106","volume":"5","author":"MJ Moravcsik","year":"1975","unstructured":"Moravcsik, M. J., & Murugesan, P. (1975). Some results on the function and quality of citations. Social Studies of Science, 5(1), 86\u201392.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1002\/aris.2007.1440410120","volume":"41","author":"J Nicolaisen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nicolaisen, J. (2007). Citation analysis. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 41(1), 609\u2013641.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2008.03.008","volume":"45","author":"DE O'Leary","year":"2008","unstructured":"O'Leary, D. E. (2008). The relationship between citations and number of downloads in decision support systems. Decision Support Systems, 45(4), 972\u2013980.","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"key":"9889_CR45","unstructured":"Osareh, F. (1996). Bibliometrics, Citation Analysis and Co-Citation Analysis (Vol. 46, p. 149). A Review of Literature I Libri."},{"issue":"5","key":"9889_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02147226","volume":"5","author":"B Peritz","year":"1983","unstructured":"Peritz, B. (1983). A classification of citation roles for the social sciences and related fields. Scientometrics, 5(5), 303\u2013312.","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017101","volume":"117","author":"DC Plaut","year":"2010","unstructured":"Plaut, D. C., & McClelland, J. L. (2010). Locating object knowledge in the brain: Comment on Bowers's (2009) attempt to revive the grandmother cell hypothesis. Psychological Review, 117(1), 284\u2013288.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"9889_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016917","volume":"117","author":"R Quiroga","year":"2010","unstructured":"Quiroga, R., & Kreiman, G. (2010). Measuring sparseness in the brain: Comment on bowers (2009). Psychological Review, 117, 291\u2013297.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2011.11.013","volume":"19","author":"AE Rad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rad, A. E., Shahgholi, L., & Kallmes, D. (2012). Impact of self-citation on the H index in the field of academic radiology. Academic Radiology, 19(4), 455\u2013457.","journal-title":"Academic Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1108\/09578230910941075","volume":"47","author":"\u00d3 Rodr\u00edguez-Ruiz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Ruiz, \u00d3. (2009). The citation indexes and the quantification of knowledge. Journal of Educational Administration, 47(2), 250\u2013266.","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Administration"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2004.00158.x","volume":"41","author":"JP Rosenfeld","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosenfeld, J. P., Soskins, M., Bosh, G., & Ryan, A. (2004). Simple, effective countermeasures to P300-based tests of detection of concealed information. Psychophysiology, 41(2), 205\u2013219. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2004.00158.x\n\n.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"9889_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3354\/esep00095","volume":"8","author":"PW Sammarco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sammarco, P. W. (2008). Journal visibility, self-citation, and reference limits: Influences on Impact Factor and author performance review. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, 8, 121\u2013125.","journal-title":"Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics"},{"issue":"7","key":"9889_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.20771","volume":"59","author":"M Sanderson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sanderson, M. (2008). Revisiting h measured on UK LIS and IR academics. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 59(7), 1184\u20131190.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/030631295025003003","volume":"25","author":"WR Shadish","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shadish, W. R., Tolliver, D., Gray, M., & Sen Gupta, S. K. (1995). Author judgements about works they cite: Three studies from psychology journals. Social Studies of Science, 25(3), 477\u2013498.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x","volume":"27","author":"CE Shannon","year":"1948","unstructured":"Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27(3), 379\u2013423.","journal-title":"Bell System Technical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/030631277800800305","volume":"8","author":"HG Small","year":"1978","unstructured":"Small, H. G. (1978). Cited documents as concept symbols. Social Studies of Science, 8(3), 327\u2013340.","journal-title":"Social Studies of Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"9889_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1177\/016555159802400606","volume":"24","author":"H Snyder","year":"1998","unstructured":"Snyder, H., & Bonzi, S. (1998). Patterns of self-citation across disciplines (1980-1989). Journal of Information Science, 24(6), 431\u2013435.","journal-title":"Journal of Information Science"},{"key":"9889_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.17705\/1CAIS.02506","volume":"25","author":"DW Straub","year":"2009","unstructured":"Straub, D. W., & Anderson, C. (2009). Journal self - citation V I: Forced journal self - citation \u2013 Common, appropriate, ethical? Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 25, 57\u201366.","journal-title":"Communications of the Association for Information Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/applin\/7.1.39","volume":"7","author":"J Swales","year":"1986","unstructured":"Swales, J. (1986). Citation analysis and discourse analysis. Applied Linguistics, 7(1), 39\u201356.","journal-title":"Applied Linguistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-006-9449-2","volume":"65","author":"EK Tang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tang, E. K., Suganthan, P. N., & Yao, X. (2006). An analysis of diversity measures. Machine Learning, 65(1), 247\u2013271.","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.09.015","volume":"78","author":"BD Thombs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thombs, B. D., Levis, A. W., Razykov, I., Syamchandra, A., Leentjens, A. F. G., Levenson, J. L., & Lumley, M. A. (2015). Potentially coercive self-citation by peer reviewers: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 78(1), 1\u20136.","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"9889_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21678","volume":"63","author":"L Waltman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Waltman, L., & Eck, N. J. v. (2012). The inconsistency of the h-index. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 63(2), 406\u2013415. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/asi.21678\n\n.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"key":"9889_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2016.03.006","volume":"86","author":"N Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, N., Liang, H., Jia, Y., Ge, S., Xue, Y., & Wang, Z. (2016). Cloud computing research in the IS discipline: A citation\/co-citation analysis. Decision Support Systems, 86, 35\u201347.","journal-title":"Decision Support Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"9889_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1093\/applin\/25.1.89","volume":"25","author":"HD White","year":"2004","unstructured":"White, H. D. (2004). Citation analysis and discourse analysis revisited. Applied Linguistics, 25(1), 89\u2013116.","journal-title":"Applied Linguistics"},{"issue":"877","key":"9889_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.74.877.740001","volume":"74","author":"GH Whitehouse","year":"2001","unstructured":"Whitehouse, G. H. (2001). Citation rates and impact factors: Should they matter? The British Journal of Radiology, 74(877), 1\u20133.","journal-title":"The British Journal of Radiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"9889_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59912","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059912","volume":"8","author":"C-T Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, C.-T. (2013). The h\u2019-index, effectively improving the h-index based on the citation distribution. PLoS One, 8(4), e59912.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"9889_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.22850","volume":"64","author":"G Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, G., Ding, Y., & Milojevi\u0107, S. (2013). Citation content analysis (CCA): A framework for syntactic and semantic analysis of citation content. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 64(7), 1490\u20131503.","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology"},{"issue":"3","key":"9889_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1177\/1046496413484178","volume":"44","author":"L Zhou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhou, L., Zhang, D., & Sung, Y.-w. (2013). The effects of group factors on deception detection performance. Small Group Research, 44(3), 272\u2013297.","journal-title":"Small Group Research"}],"container-title":["Information Systems Frontiers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10796-018-9889-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10796-018-9889-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10796-018-9889-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]],"date-time":"2020-05-17T15:15:27Z","timestamp":1589728527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10796-018-9889-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["9889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-018-9889-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-3326","1572-9419"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-3326","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9419","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}