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The resulting paradigm shift, referred to as Industry 4.0, impacts manufacturing processes and business models. While the \u2018why\u2019 and \u2018what\u2019 of Industry 4.0 have been extensively researched, the \u2018how\u2019 remains poorly understood. Manufacturers struggle with exploiting Industry 4.0\u2019s full potential as a holistic understanding of required Information Systems (IS) capabilities is missing. To foster such understanding, we present a holistic IS capability framework for Industry 4.0, including primary and support capabilities. After developing the framework based on a structured literature review, we refined and evaluated it with ten Industry 4.0 experts from research and practice. We demonstrated its use with a German machinery manufacturer. In sum, we contribute to understanding and analysing IS capabilities for Industry 4.0. 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