{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T23:37:07Z","timestamp":1774741027965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inf Syst Front"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Virtual Reality (VR) is becoming an increasingly important technology in a host of industries, including tourism. VR can provide virtual experiences before, during, or in lieu of real-world visits to tourism sites. Hence, providing authentic experiences is essential to satisfy guests with the site and technology. This study analyzes survey data using PLS to identify the determinants of satisfaction with non-immersive VR experiences of heritage and non-heritage tourism sites. Results from 193 subjects reveal the linkages between system quality, object-related authenticity, activity-related authenticity, and presence, as well their relationship with satisfaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-022-10286-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T11:04:16Z","timestamp":1653303856000},"page":"1219-1237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Authenticity in Objects and Activities: Determinants of Satisfaction with Virtual Reality Experiences of Heritage and Non-Heritage Tourism Sites"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kichan","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0219-0277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher S.","family":"Dutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10286_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5352","DOI":"10.3390\/su13105352","volume":"13","author":"N Akhtar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akhtar, N., Khan, N., Mahroof Khan, M., Ashraf, S., Hashmi, M. S., Khan, M. M., & Hishan, S. S. (2021). Post-COVID 19 tourism: Will digital tourism replace mass tourism? Sustainability, 13(10), 5352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13105352","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intcom.2012.04.002","volume":"24","author":"RM Ba\u00f1os","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ba\u00f1os, R. M., Etchemendy, E., Castilla, D., Garc\u00eda-Palacios, A., Quero, S., & Botella, C. (2012). Positive mood induction procedures for virtual environments designed for elderly people. Interacting with Computers, 24(3), 131\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intcom.2012.04.002","journal-title":"Interacting with Computers"},{"key":"10286_CR3","unstructured":"Barclay, D. W., Thompson, R., & Higgins, C. (1995). The partial least squares (PLS) approach to causal modeling: Personal computer use as an illustration. Technology Studies, 2(2)"},{"key":"10286_CR4","unstructured":"Bardi, J. (2019). What is Virtual Reality? VR Definition and Examples. Marxent. https:\/\/www.marxentlabs.com\/what-is-virtual-reality\/. Accessed 15 Feb 2021."},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1108\/TR-03-2017-0049","volume":"74","author":"J Beck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beck, J., Rainoldi, M., & Egger, R. (2019). Virtual reality in tourism: A state-of-the-art review. Tourism Review, 74(3), 586\u2013612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/TR-03-2017-0049","journal-title":"Tourism Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-019-09921-1","volume":"22","author":"PM Bednar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bednar, P. M., & Welch, C. (2020). Socio-technical perspectives on smart working: Creating meaningful and sustainable systems. Information Systems Frontiers, 22(2), 281\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-019-09921-1","journal-title":"Information Systems Frontiers"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2008.03.007","volume":"35","author":"Y Belhassen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Belhassen, Y., Caton, K., & Stewart, W. P. (2008). The search for authenticity in the pilgrim experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(3), 668\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annals.2008.03.007","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"key":"10286_CR8","unstructured":"Brown, D. (1996). Genuine fakes. In T. Selwyn (Ed.), The tourist image: Myths and myth making in tourism (pp. 33\u201347). Wiley"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(91)90007-X","volume":"18","author":"EM Bruner","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bruner, E. M. (1991). Transformation of self in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 18(2), 238\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0160-7383(91)90007-X","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"key":"10286_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2014.08.012","volume":"46","author":"D Bryce","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bryce, D., Curran, R., O\u2019Gorman, K., & Taheri, B. (2015). Visitors\u2019 engagement and authenticity: Japanese heritage consumption. Tourism Management, 46, 571\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2014.08.012","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/17438730802139004","volume":"3","author":"M Budruk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Budruk, M., White, D. D., Wodrich, J. A., & Van Riper, C. J. (2008). Connecting visitors to people and place: Visitors\u2019 perceptions of authenticity at Canyon de Chelly National Monument, Arizona. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 3(3), 185\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17438730802139004","journal-title":"Journal of Heritage Tourism"},{"key":"10286_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102506","volume":"144","author":"LB Cadet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cadet, L. B., & Chainay, H. (2020). Memory of virtual experiences: Role of immersion, emotion and sense of presence. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 144, 102506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102506","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"key":"10286_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2012.11.012","volume":"36","author":"H Cast\u00e9ran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cast\u00e9ran, H., & Roederer, C. (2013). Does authenticity really affect behavior? The case of the Strasbourg Christmas Market. Tourism Management, 36, 153\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2012.11.012","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"6","key":"10286_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-5177(95)00049-T","volume":"16","author":"R Cheong","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cheong, R. (1995). The virtual threat to travel and tourism. Tourism Management, 16(6), 417\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0261-5177(95)00049-T","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/15256480903200239","volume":"13","author":"M Cho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cho, M. (2012). A study of authenticity in traditional Korean folk villages. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 13(2), 145\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15256480903200239","journal-title":"International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration"},{"issue":"5","key":"10286_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287517708255","volume":"57","author":"N Chung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chung, N., Lee, H., Kim, J. Y., & Koo, C. (2018). The role of augmented reality for experience-influenced environments: The case of cultural heritage tourism in Korea. Journal of Travel Research, 57(5), 627\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0047287517708255","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR17","first-page":"164","volume":"39","author":"E Cohen","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cohen, E. (1972). Toward a sociology of international tourism. Social Research, 39(1), 164\u2013182","journal-title":"Social Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1080\/07421222.2003.11045748","volume":"19","author":"WH Delone","year":"2003","unstructured":"Delone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A Ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07421222.2003.11045748","journal-title":"Journal of Management Information Systems"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.14445\/22315381\/IJETT-V13P237","volume":"13","author":"R Desai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Desai, R., Desai, P., Deepak, N. P., & Mehta, K. (2014). A review paper on Oculus Rift-A virtual reality headset. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 13(4), 175\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14445\/22315381\/IJETT-V13P237","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology"},{"key":"10286_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Diemer, J., Alpers, G. W., Peperkorn, H. M., Shiban, Y., & M\u00fchlberger, A. (2015). The impact of perception and presence on emotional reactions: A review of research in virtual reality. Frontiers in Psychology, 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00026","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00026"},{"issue":"7","key":"10286_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00133","volume":"8","author":"T Dinev","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dinev, T., & Hu, Q. (2007). The centrality of awareness in the formation of user behavioral intention toward protective information technologies. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 8(7), 386\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17705\/1jais.00133","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Information Systems"},{"key":"10286_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dinh, H. Q., Walker, N., Hodges, L. F., Song, C., & Kobayashi, A. (1999). Evaluating the importance of multi-sensory input on memory and the sense of presence in virtual environments. Proceedings IEEE Virtual Reality (Cat. No. 99CB36316), 222\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR.1999.756955","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.1999.756955"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2018.1502261","volume":"23","author":"AM Dom\u00ednguez-Quintero","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dom\u00ednguez-Quintero, A. M., Gonz\u00e1lez-Rodr\u00edguez, M. R., & Paddison, B. (2020). The mediating role of experience quality on authenticity and satisfaction in the context of cultural-heritage tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(2), 248\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13683500.2018.1502261","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/14766825.2018.1437745","volume":"17","author":"X Duan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duan, X., Chan, C., & Marafa, L. M. (2019). Does authenticity exist in cultural theme parks? A case study of Millennium City Park in Henan, China. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 17(3), 321\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14766825.2018.1437745","journal-title":"Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change"},{"issue":"6210","key":"10286_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243089","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1243089","volume":"346","author":"L Einav","year":"2014","unstructured":"Einav, L., & Levin, J. (2014). Economics in the age of big data. Science, 346(6210), 1243089\u20131243089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1243089","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1037\/h0086893","volume":"42","author":"M Gallander Wintre","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gallander Wintre, M., North, C., & Sugar, L. A. (2001). Psychologists\u2019 response to criticisms about research based on undergraduate participants: A developmental perspective. Canadian Psychology\/Psychologie Canadienne, 42(3), 216\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0086893","journal-title":"Canadian Psychology\/Psychologie Canadienne"},{"key":"10286_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ghermandi, A., Camacho-Valdez, V., & Trejo-Espinosa, H. (2020). Social media-based analysis of cultural ecosystem services and heritage tourism in a coastal region of Mexico. Tourism Management, 104002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2019.104002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2019.104002"},{"key":"10286_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-021-10162-4","author":"CL Gittens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gittens, C. L. (2021). Remote HRI: A methodology for maintaining COVID-19 physical distancing and human interaction requirements in HRI studies. Information Systems Frontiers. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-021-10162-4","journal-title":"Information Systems Frontiers"},{"key":"10286_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez Alonso, M. A., Vexo, F., & Thalmann, D. (2008). Stepping into virtual reality. Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84800-117-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"10286_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2009.07.003","volume":"31","author":"DA Guttentag","year":"2010","unstructured":"Guttentag, D. A. (2010). Virtual reality: Applications and implications for tourism. Tourism Management, 31(5), 637\u2013651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2009.07.003","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"key":"10286_CR31","unstructured":"Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstdet, M. (Eds.). (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd Ed). Sage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/21548455.2013.875238","volume":"5","author":"C Hampp","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hampp, C., & Schwan, S. (2015). The role of authentic objects in museums of the history of science and technology: Findings from a visitor study. International Journal of Science Education, Part B, 5(2), 161\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21548455.2013.875238","journal-title":"International Journal of Science Education, Part B"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1525\/can.1988.3.3.02a00020","volume":"3","author":"R Handler","year":"1988","unstructured":"Handler, R., & Saxton, W. (1988). Dyssimulation: Reflexivity, narrative, and the quest for authenticity in \u201cliving history\u201d. Cultural Anthropology, 3(3), 242\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/can.1988.3.3.02a00020","journal-title":"Cultural Anthropology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1177\/135676679500100202","volume":"1","author":"PJS Hobson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hobson, P. J. S., & Williams, A. P. (1995). Virtual reality: A new horizon for the tourism industry. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 1(2), 124\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/135676679500100202","journal-title":"Journal of Vacation Marketing"},{"issue":"9","key":"10286_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1080\/09585190500239325","volume":"16","author":"TJ Huang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Huang, T. J., Chi, S. C., & Lawler, J. J. (2005). The relationship between expatriates\u2019 personality traits and their adjustment to international assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(9), 1656\u20131670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09585190500239325","journal-title":"The International Journal of Human Resource Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.52255\/smarttourism.2021.1.1.8","volume":"1","author":"WC Hunter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hunter, W. C. (2021). Cultural representations and experience in tourism: Two forms of mimesis. Journal of Smart Tourism, 1(1), 65\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.52255\/smarttourism.2021.1.1.8","journal-title":"Journal of Smart Tourism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2011.07.011","volume":"65","author":"MY Hyun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hyun, M. Y., & O\u2019Keefe, R. M. (2012). Virtual destination image: Testing a telepresence model. Journal of Business Research, 65(1), 29\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbusres.2011.07.011","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"10286_CR38","unstructured":"Ijsselsteijn, W. A., & Riva, G. (2003). Being there: The experience of presence in mediated environments. In G. Riva, F. Davide, & W. A. Ijsselsteijn (Eds.), Being there: Concepts, effects and measurement of user presence in synthetic environments (pp. 4\u201316). Ios Press"},{"key":"10286_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jung, T., Dieck, M. C., Lee, H., & Chung, N. (2016). Effects of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality on visitor experiences in museums. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2016 (pp.621\u2013632)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28231-2_45"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2011.05.005","volume":"33","author":"M Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang, M., & Gretzel, U. (2012). Effects of podcast tours on tourist experiences in a national park. Tourism Management, 33(2), 440\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2011.05.005","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"key":"10286_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.01.001","volume":"59","author":"HC Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim, H. C., & Hyun, M. Y. (2016). Predicting the use of smartphone-based Augmented Reality (AR): Does telepresence really help? Computers in Human Behavior, 59, 28\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2016.01.001","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"10286_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2020.101349","volume":"49","author":"MJ Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim, M. J., Lee, C. K., & Preis, M. W. (2020). The impact of innovation and gratification on authentic experience, subjective well-being, and behavioral intention in tourism virtual reality: The moderating role of technology readiness. Telematics and Informatics, 49, 101349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tele.2020.101349","journal-title":"Telematics and Informatics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10286_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2009.07.010","volume":"31","author":"T Kolar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kolar, T., & Zabkar, V. (2010). A consumer-based model of authenticity: An oxymoron or the foundation of cultural heritage marketing? Tourism Management, 31(5), 652\u2013664. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2009.07.010","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-016-9666-6","volume":"19","author":"SJ Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee, S. J. (2017). A review of audio guides in the era of smart tourism. Information Systems Frontiers, 19(4), 705\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-016-9666-6","journal-title":"Information Systems Frontiers"},{"issue":"7","key":"10286_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2015.1075459","volume":"33","author":"S Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee, S., Phau, I., Hughes, M., Li, Y. F., & Quintal, V. (2016). Heritage tourism in Singapore Chinatown: A perceived value approach to authenticity and satisfaction. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(7), 981\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10548408.2015.1075459","journal-title":"Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.5539\/ijms.v8n4p117","volume":"8","author":"X Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li, X., Shen, H., & Wen, H. (2016). A study on tourists perceived authenticity towards experience quality and behavior intention of cultural heritage in Macao. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 8(4), 117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/ijms.v8n4p117","journal-title":"International Journal of Marketing Studies"},{"issue":"12","key":"10286_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1080\/09669582.2018.1545022","volume":"26","author":"YC Lin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lin, Y. C., & Liu, Y. C. (2018). Deconstructing the internal structure of perceived authenticity for heritage tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(12), 2134\u20132152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09669582.2018.1545022","journal-title":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.86.1.114","volume":"86","author":"MK Lindell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lindell, M. K., & Whitney, D. J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 114\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-9010.86.1.114","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1002\/jtr.2265","volume":"21","author":"SMC Loureiro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Loureiro, S. M. C. (2019). Exploring the role of atmospheric cues and authentic pride on perceived authenticity assessment of museum visitors. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(4), 413\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jtr.2265","journal-title":"International Journal of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10286_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1060.0597","volume":"52","author":"NK Malhotra","year":"2006","unstructured":"Malhotra, N. K., Kim, S. S., & Patil, A. (2006). Common method variance in IS research: A comparison of alternative approaches and a reanalysis of past research. Management Science, 52(12), 1865\u20131883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1287\/mnsc.1060.0597","journal-title":"Management Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1108\/TR-09-2013-0052","volume":"68","author":"A Milman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Milman, A. (2013). Guests\u2019 perception of staged authenticity in a theme park: An example from Disney\u2019s Epcot\u2019s World Showcase. Tourism Review, 68(4), 71\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/TR-09-2013-0052","journal-title":"Tourism Review"},{"key":"10286_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moscardo, G. (2009). Understanding tourist experience through mindfulness theory. In M. Kozak, & A. Decrop (Eds.), Handbook of tourist behaviour: Theory and practice. Routledge","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203881804.pt4"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(86)90031-9","volume":"13","author":"G Moscardo","year":"1986","unstructured":"Moscardo, G., & Pearce, P. L. (1986). Historic theme parks. Annals of Tourism Research, 13(3), 467\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0160-7383(86)90031-9","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s40558-016-0059-y","volume":"17","author":"P Mura","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mura, P., Tavakoli, R., & Pahlevan Sharif, S. (2017). \u2018Authentic but not too much\u2019: Exploring perceptions of authenticity of virtual tourism. Information Technology & Tourism, 17(2), 145\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40558-016-0059-y","journal-title":"Information Technology & Tourism"},{"issue":"7","key":"10286_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2015.1075460","volume":"33","author":"THH Nguyen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nguyen, T. H. H., & Cheung, C. (2016). Toward an understanding of tourists\u2019 authentic heritage experiences: Evidence from Hong Kong. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(7), 999\u20131010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10548408.2015.1075460","journal-title":"Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(95)00062-3","volume":"23","author":"W Nuryanti","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nuryanti, W. (1996). Heritage and postmodern tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(2), 249\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0160-7383(95)00062-3","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2015.05.006","volume":"33","author":"AP Oghuma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Oghuma, A. P., Libaque-Saenz, C. F., Wong, S. F., & Chang, Y. (2016). An expectation-confirmation model of continuance intention to use mobile instant messaging. Telematics and Informatics, 33(1), 34\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tele.2015.05.006","journal-title":"Telematics and Informatics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/14724049.2018.1526290","volume":"18","author":"K Orru","year":"2019","unstructured":"Orru, K., Kask, S., & Nordlund, A. (2019). Satisfaction with virtual nature tour: The roles of the need for emotional arousal and pro-ecological motivations. Journal of Ecotourism, 18(3), 221\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14724049.2018.1526290","journal-title":"Journal of Ecotourism"},{"key":"10286_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2019.03.001","volume":"74","author":"E Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park, E., Choi, B. K., & Lee, T. J. (2019). The role and dimensions of authenticity in heritage tourism. Tourism Management, 74, 99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2019.03.001","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"9","key":"10286_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.3390\/su13095049","volume":"13","author":"A Paszkiewicz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Paszkiewicz, A., Salach, M., Dymora, P., Bolanowski, M., Budzik, G., & Kubiak, P. (2021). Methodology of implementing virtual reality in education for industry 4.0. Sustainability, 13(9), 5049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13095049","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"5","key":"10286_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","volume":"88","author":"PM Podsakoff","year":"2003","unstructured":"Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879\u2013903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287504265508","volume":"43","author":"Y Poria","year":"2004","unstructured":"Poria, Y., Butler, R., & Airey, D. (2004). Links between Tourists, Heritage, and Reasons for Visiting Heritage Sites. Journal of Travel Research, 43(1), 19\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0047287504265508","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s43546-020-00003-y","volume":"1","author":"ASV Radermecker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radermecker, A. S. V. (2021). Art and culture in the COVID-19 era: For a consumer-oriented approach. SN Business & Economics, 1(1), 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43546-020-00003-y","journal-title":"SN Business & Economics"},{"key":"10286_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Refsland, S. T., Ojika, T., Defanti, T., Johnson, A., Leigh, J., Loeffler, C., & Tu, X. (1998). Virtual great barrier reef: A theoretical approach towards an evolving, interactive VR environment using a distributed DOME and CAVE System. In J. C. Heudin (Ed.), Virtual Worlds (Vol. 1434, pp. 323\u2013336). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-68686-X_31","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-68686-X_31"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2005.04.003","volume":"33","author":"Y Reisinger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Reisinger, Y., & Steiner, C. J. (2006). Reconceptualizing object authenticity. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(1), 65\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annals.2005.04.003","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-7383(97)80003-5","volume":"24","author":"FA Salamone","year":"1997","unstructured":"Salamone, F. A. (1997). Authenticity in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 24(2), 305\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0160-7383(97)80003-5","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1651","volume":"6","author":"MV Sanchez-Vives","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sanchez-Vives, M. V., & Slater, M. (2005). From presence to consciousness through virtual reality. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6(4), 332\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn1651","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/cura.12365","volume":"63","author":"S Schwan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schwan, S., & Dutz, S. (2020). How do visitors perceive the role of authentic objects in museums? Curator: The Museum Journal, 63(2), 217\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cura.12365","journal-title":"Curator: The Museum Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10286_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.3.515","volume":"51","author":"DO Sears","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sears, D. O. (1986). College sophomores in the laboratory: Influences of a narrow data base on social psychology\u2019s view of human nature. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(3), 515\u2013530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.51.3.515","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10286_CR70","unstructured":"Selwyn, T. (1996). The tourist image: Myths and myth making in tourism. Wiley"},{"key":"10286_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharpley, R. (2018). Tourism, tourists and society (Fifth edition). Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315210407"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(93)90057-A","volume":"20","author":"I Silver","year":"1993","unstructured":"Silver, I. (1993). Marketing authenticity in third world countries. Annals of Tourism Research, 20(2), 302\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0160-7383(93)90057-A","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2020.1722785","volume":"37","author":"H Skinner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Skinner, H., Chatzopoulou, E., & Gorton, M. (2020). Perceptions of localness and authenticity regarding restaurant choice in tourism settings. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 37(2), 155\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10548408.2020.1722785","journal-title":"Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10286_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1162\/pres.1997.6.6.603","volume":"6","author":"M Slater","year":"1997","unstructured":"Slater, M., & Wilbur, S. (1997). A framework for immersive virtual environments (FIVE): Speculations on the role of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(6), 603\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/pres.1997.6.6.603","journal-title":"Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments"},{"issue":"5","key":"10286_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2009.11.002","volume":"68","author":"S Sylaiou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sylaiou, S., Mania, K., Karoulis, A., & White, M. (2010). Exploring the relationship between presence and enjoyment in a virtual museum. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 68(5), 243\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2009.11.002","journal-title":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies"},{"key":"10286_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trilling, L. (1972). Sincerity and Authenticity. Harvard University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/j.ctvjhzrdp","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvjhzrdp"},{"key":"10286_CR77","unstructured":"Tussyadiah, I. P., Wang, D., & Jia, C. H. (2016). Exploring the persuasive power of virtual reality imagery for destination marketing. Travel & Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally 25"},{"key":"10286_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2017.12.003","volume":"66","author":"IP Tussyadiah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tussyadiah, I. P., Wang, D., Jung, T. H., & tom Dieck, M. C. (2018). Virtual reality, presence, and attitude change: Empirical evidence from tourism. Tourism Management, 66, 140\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2017.12.003","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-7383(98)00103-0","volume":"26","author":"N Wang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wang, N. (1999). Rethinking authenticity in tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 349\u2013370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0160-7383(98)00103-0","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10286_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/1367877916674751","volume":"21","author":"A Waysdorf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Waysdorf, A., & Reijnders, S. (2018). Immersion, authenticity and the theme park as social space: Experiencing the Wizarding World of Harry Potter. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 21(2), 173\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1367877916674751","journal-title":"International Journal of Cultural Studies"},{"key":"10286_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2018.10.024","volume":"71","author":"W Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei, W., Qi, R., & Zhang, L. (2019). Effects of virtual reality on theme park visitors\u2019 experience and behaviors: A presence perspective. Tourism Management, 71, 282\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tourman.2018.10.024","journal-title":"Tourism Management"},{"issue":"21","key":"10286_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6148","DOI":"10.3390\/su11216148","volume":"11","author":"D Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu, D., Shen, C., Wang, E., Hou, Y., & Yang, J. (2019). Impact of the perceived authenticity of heritage sites on subjective well-being: A study of the mediating role of place attachment and satisfaction. Sustainability, 11(21), 6148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su11216148","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10286_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yi, X., Fu, X., Lin, V. S., & Xiao, H. (2021). Integrating authenticity, well-being, and memorability in heritage tourism: A two-site investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 004728752098762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0047287520987624","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287520987624"},{"issue":"4","key":"10286_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.3390\/su10040927","volume":"10","author":"H Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Cho, T., Wang, H., & Ge, Q. (2018). The influence of cross-cultural awareness and tourist experience on authenticity, tourist satisfaction and acculturation in World Cultural Heritage Sites of Korea. Sustainability, 10(4), 927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su10040927","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"10286_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.3390\/su11010108","volume":"11","author":"T Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang, T., Wen, H., & Li, X. (2018). A tourist-based model of authenticity of heritage sporting events: The case of Naadam. Sustainability, 11(1), 108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su11010108","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10286_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhou, Q. (Bill), Zhang, J., Zhang, H., & Ma, J. (Eds.). (2015). A structural model of host authenticity. Annals of Tourism Research, 55, 28\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annals.2015.08.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2015.08.003"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-022-10338-6","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000}}],"container-title":["Information Systems Frontiers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10286-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10286-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10286-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T03:35:43Z","timestamp":1686022543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10286-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10286"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10286-1","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s10796-022-10338-6","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1387-3326","1572-9419"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-3326","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-9419","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 April 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 2022","order":3,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":4,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":5,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10338-6","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10338-6","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}