{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T14:57:42Z","timestamp":1771340262798,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Comput Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-005-5705-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,13]],"date-time":"2006-05-13T14:45:12Z","timestamp":1147531512000},"page":"153-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Dopamine modulation in the basal ganglia locks the gate to working memory"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Aaron J.","family":"Gruber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Dayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris S.","family":"Gutkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara A.","family":"Solla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5705_CR1","unstructured":"Alexander, G. E. and Crutcher, M. D. (1990). Functional architecture of basal ganglia circuits: neural substrates of parallel processing. Trends Neurosci, 13(7):266\u2013271."},{"key":"5705_CR2","unstructured":"Beiser, D. G. and Houk, J. C. (1998). Model of cortical-basal ganglionic processing: encoding the serial order of sensory events. J Neurophysiol, 79:3168\u20133188."},{"key":"5705_CR3","unstructured":"Beiser, D. G., Hua, S. E., and Houk, J.C. (1997). Network models of the basal ganglia. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 7(2):185\u2013190."},{"key":"5705_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braver, T. S. and Cohen, J. D. (1999). Dopamine, cognitive control, and schizophrenia: the gating model Prog Brain Res, 121:327\u2013349.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)63082-4"},{"key":"5705_CR5","unstructured":"Brunel, N. and Wang, X. J. (2001). Effects of neuromodulation in a cortical network model of object working memory dominated by recurrent inhibition. J Comp Neurosci, 11(1):63\u201385."},{"key":"5705_CR6","unstructured":"Camperi, M. and Wang, X. J. (1998). A model of visuospatial working memory in prefrontal cortex: recurrent network and cellular bistability. J Comput Neurosci, 5(4):383\u2013405."},{"key":"5705_CR7","unstructured":"Chafee, M. and Goldman-Rakic, P. (1998). Matching patterns of activity in primate prefrontal area 8a and pariental area 7ip neurons during a spatial working memory task. J Neurophysiol, 79:2919\u20132940."},{"key":"5705_CR8","unstructured":"Cohen, J. D., Braver, T. S., and Brown, J. W. (2002). Computational perspectives on dopamine function in prefrontal cortex. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 12(2):223\u2013229."},{"key":"5705_CR9","unstructured":"Colby, C. L., Duhamel, J. R., and Goldberg, M. E. (1996). Visual, presaccadic, and cognitive activation of single neurons in monkey lateral intraparietal area. J Neurophysiol, 76(5):2841\u20132852."},{"key":"5705_CR10","unstructured":"Compte, A., Brunel, N., Goldman-Rakic, P. S., and Wang, X. J. (2000). Synaptic mechanisms and network dynamics underlying spatial working memory in a cortical network model. Cereb Cortex, 10(9):910\u2013923."},{"key":"5705_CR11","unstructured":"Costa, A., Peppe, A., Dell\u2019 Agnello, G., Carlesimo, G. A., Murri, L., Bonuccelli, U., and Caltagirone, C. (2003). Dopaminergic modulation of visual-spatial working memory in parkinson\u2019s disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 15(2):55\u201366."},{"key":"5705_CR12","unstructured":"Destexhe, A., Bal, T., McCormick, D. A., and Sejnowski, T. J. (1996). Ionic mechanisms underlying synchronized oscillations and propagating waves in a model of ferret thalamic slices. J Neurophysiol, 76(3):2049\u201370."},{"key":"5705_CR13","unstructured":"Djurfeldt, M., Ekeberg, O., and Graybiel, A. (2001). Cortex-basal ganglia interaction and attractor states. Neurocomputing, 38:537\u2013579."},{"key":"5705_CR14","unstructured":"Dreher, J. C., Guigon, E., and Burnod, Y. (2002). A model of prefrontal cortex dopaminergic modulation during the delayed alternation task. J Cog Neurosci, 14(6):853\u2013865."},{"key":"5705_CR15","unstructured":"Durstewitz, D., Seamans, J. K., and Sejnowski, T. J. (2000). Dopamine-mediated stabilization of delay-period activity in a network model of prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol, 83(3):1733\u20131750."},{"key":"5705_CR16","unstructured":"Frank, M. J., Loughry, B., and O\u2019Reilly, R. C. (2001). Interactions between frontal cortex and basal ganglia in working memory: a computational model. Cog, Affect & Behav Neurosci, 1(2):137\u2013160."},{"key":"5705_CR17","unstructured":"Funahashi, S., Bruce, C. J., and Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1989). Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey\u2019s dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol, 61(2):331\u2013349."},{"key":"5705_CR18","unstructured":"Fuster, J. (1995). Memory in the cerebral cortex. MTT Press, Cambridge, MA."},{"key":"5705_CR19","unstructured":"Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995). Cellular basis of working memory. Neuron, 14(3):477\u2013485."},{"key":"5705_CR20","unstructured":"Gonon, F. (1997). Prolonged and extrasynaptic excitatory action of dopamine mediated by Dl receptors in the rat striatum in vivo. J Neurosci, 17(15):5972\u20135978."},{"key":"5705_CR21","unstructured":"Goto, Y. and O\u2019Donnell, P. (2001). Synchronous activity in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens in vivo. J Neurosci, 21(4):1529\u20132401."},{"key":"5705_CR22","unstructured":"Grace, A. A. (1991). Phasic versus tonic dopamine release and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: a hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia. Neurosci, 41(1): 1\u201324."},{"key":"5705_CR23","unstructured":"Graybiel, A. M. (1995). Building action repertoires: Memory and learning functions of the basal ganglia. Cur Opin Neurobiol, 5:733\u2013741."},{"key":"5705_CR24","unstructured":"Groenewegen, H. J., Wright, C. I., and Uylings, H. B. (1997). The anatomical relationships of the prefrontal cortex with limbic structures and the basal ganglia. J Psychopharmacol, 11(2):99\u2013106."},{"key":"5705_CR25","unstructured":"Gruber, A. J., Solla, S. A., Surmeier, D. J., and Houk, J. C. (2003). Modulation of striatal single units by expected reward: a spiny neuron model displaying dopamine-induced bistability. J Neurophysiol, 90(2): 1095\u20131114."},{"key":"5705_CR26","unstructured":"Gurney, K., Prescott, T. J., and Redgrave, P. (2001). A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. II. Analysis and simulation of behaviour. Biol Cybern, 84:411\u2013423."},{"key":"5705_CR27","unstructured":"Gutkin, B. S., Laing, C. R., Colby, C. L., Chow, C. C., and Ermentrout, G. B. (2001). Turning on and off with excitation: the rote of spike-timing and synchrony in sustained neural activity. J Comput Neurosci, 11(2):121\u2013134."},{"key":"5705_CR28","unstructured":"Haber, S. N. (2003). The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks. J Chem Neuroanat, 26(4):317\u2013330."},{"key":"5705_CR29","unstructured":"Hansel, D. and Mato, G. (2001). Existence and stability of persistent states in large neuronal networks. Phys Rev Lett, 86(18):4175\u20134178."},{"key":"5705_CR30","unstructured":"Hernandez-Lopez, S., Bargas, J., Surmeier, D. J., Reyes, A., and Galarraga, E. (1997). D1 receptor activation enhances evoked discharge in entotriatal medium spiny neurons by modulating an L-type Ca 2+ conductance. J Neurosci, 17(9):3334\u20133342."},{"key":"5705_CR31","unstructured":"Hikosaka, O., Miyashita, K., Miyachi, S., Sakai, K., and Lu, X. (1998). Differential roles of the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum in visuomotor sequence learing. Neurobiol Learn Mem, 70(1\/2):137\u2013149."},{"key":"5705_CR32","unstructured":"Kalivas, P. W., Jackson, D., Romanidies, A., Wyndham, L., and Duffy, P. (2001). Involvement of pallidothalamic circuitry in working memory. Neurosci, 104(1):129\u2013136."},{"key":"5705_CR33","unstructured":"Kawagoe, R., Takikawa, Y., and Hikosaka, O. (1998). Expectation of reward modulates cognitive signals in the basal ganglia. Nat Neurosci, 1(5):411\u2013416."},{"key":"5705_CR34","unstructured":"Kawagoe, R., Takikawa, Y., and Hikosaka, O. (2004). Reward-predicting activity of dopamine and caudate neurons - a possible mechanism of motivational control of saccadic eye movement. J Neurophysiol, 91(2):1013\u20131024."},{"key":"5705_CR35","unstructured":"Kermadi, I. and Joseph, J. P. (1995). Activity in the caudate nucleus of monkey during spatial sequencing. J Neurophysiol, 74(3):911\u2013933."},{"key":"5705_CR36","unstructured":"Kiyatkin, E. A. and Rebec, G. V. (1996). Dopaminergic modulation of glutamate-induced excitations of neurons in the neostriatum and nucleus accumbens of awake, unrestrained rats. J Neurophysiol, 75(1):142\u2013153."},{"key":"5705_CR37","unstructured":"Koos, T. and Tepper, J. M. (1999). Inhibitory control of neostriatal projection neurons by gabaergic interneurons. Nat Neurosci, 2(5):467\u2013472."},{"key":"5705_CR38","unstructured":"Kori, A., Miyashita, N., Kato, M., Hikosaka, O., Usui, S., and Matsumura, M. (1995). Eye movements in monkeys with local dopamine depletion in the caudate nucleus. II. Deficits in voluntary saccades. J Neurosci, 15(1 Pt2):928\u201341."},{"key":"5705_CR39","unstructured":"Laing, C. R. and Chow, C. C. (2001). Stationary bumps in networks of spiking neurons. Neural Comput, 13(7): 1473\u20131494."},{"key":"5705_CR40","unstructured":"Lange, K. W., Robbins, T. W., Marsden, C. D., James, M., Owen, A. M., and Paul, G. M. (1992). L-dopa withdrawal in Parkinson\u2019s disease selectively impairs cognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. Psychopharmacol, 107(2\u20133):394\u2013404."},{"key":"5705_CR41","unstructured":"Lewis, S. J., Dove, A., Robbins, T. W., Barker, R. A., and Owen, A. M. (2004). Striatal contributions to working memory: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in humans. Eur J Neurosci, 19(3):755\u2013760."},{"key":"5705_CR42","unstructured":"Lidow, M. S., Williams, G. V., and Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1998). The cerebral cortex: a case for a common site of action of antipsychotics. Trends Pharmacologic Sci, 19(4): 136\u2013140."},{"key":"5705_CR43","unstructured":"Lynd-Balta, E. and Haber, S. N. (1994). The organization of midbrain projections to the striatum in the primate: sensorimotor-related striatum versus ventral striatum. Neurosci, 59(3):625\u2013640."},{"key":"5705_CR44","unstructured":"Menon, V., Anagnoson, R. T., Glover, G. H., and Pfefferbaum, A. (2000). Basal ganglia involvement in memory-guided movement sequencing. Neuroreport, 11(16):3641\u20133645."},{"key":"5705_CR45","unstructured":"Middleton, F. A. and Strick, P. L. (2002). Basal-ganglia \u2018projections\u2019 to the prefrontal cortex of the primate. Cereb Cortex, 12(9):926\u2013935."},{"key":"5705_CR46","unstructured":"Mink, J. W. (1996). The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs. Prog Neurobiol, 50(4):381\u2013325."},{"key":"5705_CR47","unstructured":"Miyoshi, E., Wietzikoski, S., Camplessei, M., Silveira, R., Takahashi, R. N., and Da Cunha, C. (2002). Impaired learning in a spatial working memory version and in a cued version of the water maze in rats with MPTP-induced mesencephalic dopaminergic lesions. Brain Res Bull, 58(7):41\u201347."},{"key":"5705_CR48","unstructured":"Muller, U., von Cramon, D. Y., and Pollmann, S. (1998). Dl- versus D2-receptor modulation of visuospatial working memory in humans. J Neurosci, 18(7):2720\u20132728."},{"key":"5705_CR49","unstructured":"Nakamura, K. and Hikosaka, O. (2004). Reward-dependent saccade bias is attenuated by local application of dopamine antagonists in the primante caudate nucleus. In Soci Neurosci Abstr, San Diego, CA."},{"key":"5705_CR50","unstructured":"Nicola, S. M., Surmeier, D. J., and Malenka, R. C. (2000). Dopaminergic modulation of neuronal excitability in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. Annu Rev Neurosci, 23:185\u2013215."},{"key":"5705_CR51","unstructured":"Owen, A. M., James, M., Leigh, P. N., Summers, B. A., Marsden, C. D., Quinn, N. P., Lange, K. W., and Robbins, T. W. (1992). Fronto-striatal cognitive deficits at different stages of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain, 115(6):1727\u20131751."},{"key":"5705_CR52","unstructured":"Plenz, D. (2003). When inhibition goes incognito: feedback interaction between spiny projection neurons in striatal function. Trends Neurosci, 26(8):436\u2013443."},{"key":"5705_CR53","unstructured":"Postle, B. R. and D\u2019Esposito, M. (1999). Dissociation of human caudate nucleus activity in spatial and nonspatial working memory: an event-related fMRI study. Cog Brain Res, 8(2): 107\u2013115."},{"key":"5705_CR54","unstructured":"Powell, K. D. and Goldberg, M. E. (2000). Response of neurons in the lateral intraparietal area to a distractor flashed during the delay period of a memory-guided saccade. J Neurophysiol, 84(1):301\u201310."},{"key":"5705_CR55","unstructured":"Roitman, M. F., Stuber, G. D., Phillips, P. E., Wightman, R. M., and Carelli, R. M. (2004). Dopamine operates as a subsecond modulator of food seeking. J Neurosci, 24(6):1265\u20131271."},{"key":"5705_CR56","unstructured":"Romanides, A. J., Duffy, P., and Kalivas, P. W. (1999). Glutamatergic and dopaminergic afferents to the prefrontal cortex regulate spatial working memory in rats. Neurosci, 92(1):97\u2013106."},{"key":"5705_CR57","unstructured":"Sawaguchi, T. and Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1994). The role of Dl-dopamine receptor in working memory: local injections of dopamine antagonists into the prefrontal cortex of rhesus monkeys performing an oculomotor delayed-response task. J Neurophysiol, 71(2):515\u2013528."},{"key":"5705_CR58","unstructured":"Schultz, W. (1998). Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J Neurophysiol, 80(1):1\u201317."},{"key":"5705_CR59","unstructured":"Schultz, W., Apicella, P., and Ljungberg, T. (1993). Responses of monkey dopamine neurons to reward and conditioned stimuli during successive steps of learning a delayed response task. J Neurosci, 13(3):900\u2013913."},{"key":"5705_CR60","unstructured":"Servan-Schreiber, D., Carter, C. S., Bruno, R. M., and Cohen, J. D. (1998). Dopamine and the mechanisms of cognition: Part II. D-amphetamine effects in human subjects performing a selective attention task. Biol Psychiatry, 43(10):723\u2013729."},{"key":"5705_CR61","unstructured":"Servan-Schreiber, D., Printz, H., and Cohen, J. D. (1990). A network model of catecholamine effects: gain, signal-to-noise ratio, and behavior. Science, 249:892\u2013895."},{"key":"5705_CR62","unstructured":"Seung, H. S. (1996). How the brain keeps the eyes still. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 93(23):13339\u201313344."},{"key":"5705_CR63","unstructured":"Tepper, J. M., Koos, T., and Wilson, C. J. (2004). Gabaergic microcircuits in the neostriatum. Trends Neurosci, 27(11): 662\u20139."},{"key":"5705_CR64","unstructured":"Terman, D., Rubin, J. E., Yew, A. C., and Wilson, C. J. (2002). Activity patterns in a model for the subthalamopallidal network of the basal ganglia. J Neurosci, 22(7):2963\u20132976."},{"key":"5705_CR65","unstructured":"Vergara, R., Rick, C., Hernandez-Lopez, S., Laville, J. A., Guzman, J. N., Galarraga, E., Surmeier, D. J., and Bargas, J. (2003). Spontaneous voltage oscillations in striatal projection neurons in a rat corticostriatal slice. J Physiol, 553(Pt 1):169\u2013182."},{"key":"5705_CR66","unstructured":"Watanabe, M., Hikosaka, K., Sakagami, M., and Shirakawa, S. (2002). Coding and monitoring of motivational context in the primate prefrontal cortex. J Neurosci, 22(6):2391\u20132400."},{"key":"5705_CR67","unstructured":"Williams, G. V. and Goldman-Rakic. P. S. (1995). Modulation of memory fields by dopamine Dl receptors in prefrontal cortex. Nature, 376(6541):572\u2013575."},{"key":"5705_CR68","unstructured":"Wilson, C. J. and Kawaguchi, Y. (1996). The origins of two-state spontaneous membrane potential fluctuations of neostriatal spiny neurons. J Neurosci, 16(7):2397\u20132410."},{"key":"5705_CR69","unstructured":"Zahrt, J., Taylor, J. R., Mathew, R. G., and Arnsten, A. F. (1997). Supranormal stimulation of Dl dopamine receptors in the rodent prefrontal cortex impairs spatial working memory performance. J Neurosci, 17(21):8528\u20138535."},{"key":"5705_CR70","unstructured":"Zhang, K. (1996). Representation of spatial orientation by the intrinsic dynamics of the head-direction cell ensemble: a theory. J Neurosci, 16(6):2112\u20132126."}],"container-title":["Journal of Computational Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10827-005-5705-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10827-005-5705-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10827-005-5705-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T01:37:08Z","timestamp":1559266628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10827-005-5705-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}},"alternative-id":["5705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10827-005-5705-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-5313","1573-6873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-5313","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-6873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}}}