{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:05:59Z","timestamp":1778083559389,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":178,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Atlantic Technological University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Intell Manuf"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Manufacturing industries are eager to replace traditional robot manipulators with collaborative robots due to their cost-effectiveness, safety, smaller footprint and intuitive user interfaces. With industrial advancement, cobots are required to be more independent and intelligent to do more complex tasks in collaboration with humans. Therefore, to effectively detect the presence of humans\/obstacles in the surroundings, cobots must use different sensing modalities, both internal and external. This paper presents a detailed review of sensor technologies used for detecting a human operator in the robotic manipulator environment. An overview of different sensors installed locations, the manipulator details and the main algorithms used to detect the human in the cobot workspace are presented. We summarize existing literature in three categories related to the environment for evaluating sensor performance: entirely simulated, partially simulated and hardware implementation focusing on the \u2018hardware implementation\u2019 category where the data and experimental environment are physical rather than virtual. We present how the sensor systems have been used in various use cases and scenarios to aid human\u2013robot collaboration and discuss challenges for future work.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10845-024-02341-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T04:07:37Z","timestamp":1712203657000},"page":"2255-2279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A review of external sensors for human detection in a human robot collaborative environment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7983-829X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zainab","family":"Saleem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Gustafsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eoghan","family":"Furey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"McAfee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saif","family":"Huq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2341_CR1","unstructured":"Abb Group. Leading Digital Technologies for Industry\u2014Abb Group. (n.d.). ABB. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/global.abb\/group\/en"},{"key":"2341_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adamides, O. A., Modur, A. S., Kumar, S., & Sahin, F. (2019). A time-of-flight on-robot proximity sensing system to achieve human detection for collaborative robots. In IEEE 15th international conference on automation science and engineering (CASE), 2019 (pp. 1230\u20131236). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/coase.2019.8842875","DOI":"10.1109\/coase.2019.8842875"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.7763\/ijmmm.2016.v4.243","volume":"4","author":"R Ahmad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmad, R., & Plapper, P. (2015). Human-robot collaboration: Twofold strategy algorithm to avoid collisions using TOF sensor. International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, 4(2), 144\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7763\/ijmmm.2016.v4.243","journal-title":"International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2020.102035","volume":"67","author":"A Amorim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amorim, A., Guimares, D., Mendona, T., Neto, P., Costa, P., & Moreira, A. P. (2021). Robust human position estimation in cooperative robotic cells. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 67, 102035. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2020.102035","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ant\u00e3o, L., Reis, J., & Gon\u00e7alves, G. (2019). Voxel-based space monitoring in human-robot collaboration environments. In IEEE international conference on emerging technologies and factory automation (ETFA), 2019 (pp. 552\u2013559). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/etfa.2019.8869240","DOI":"10.1109\/etfa.2019.8869240"},{"key":"2341_CR6","unstructured":"Afsari, K., Gupta, S., Afkhamiaghda, M., & Lu, Z. (2018, April). Applications of collaborative industrial robots in building construction. In 54th ASC Annual International Conference Proceedings (pp. 472\u2013479)."},{"issue":"6","key":"2341_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1109\/tcst.2014.2300696","volume":"22","author":"GB Avanzini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Avanzini, G. B., Ceriani, N. M., Zanchettin, A. M., Rocco, P., & Bascetta, L. (2014). Safety control of industrial robots based on a distributed distance sensor. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 22(6), 2127\u20132140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcst.2014.2300696","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology"},{"key":"2341_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2022.102419","volume":"79","author":"A Ayyad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ayyad, A., Halwani, M., Swart, D., Muthusamy, R., Almaskari, F., & Zweiri, Y. (2023). Neuromorphic vision based control for the precise positioning of robotic drilling systems. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 79, 102419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2022.102419","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bascetta, L., Ferretti, G., Rocco, P., Ard\u00f6, H., Bruyninckx, H., Demeester, E., & Di Lello, E. (2011). Towards safe human-robot interaction in robotic cells: An approach based on visual tracking and intention estimation. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, 2011 (pp. 2971\u20132978). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2011.6048287","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2011.6048287"},{"key":"2341_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2019.02.080","volume":"79","author":"J Berg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Berg, J., Lottermoser, A., Richter, C., & Reinhart, G. (2019). Human-robot-interaction for mobile industrial robot teams. Procedia CIRP, 79, 614\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procir.2019.02.080","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"2341_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209428","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2020.3037145","volume":"8","author":"J Borrell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Borrell, J., P\u00e9rez-Vidal, C., Heras, J. V. S., & Perez-Hernandez, J. J. (2020). Robotic pick-and-place time optimization: Application to footwear production. IEEE Access, 8, 209428\u2013209440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2020.3037145","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1330700","volume":"40","author":"T Bosch","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bosch, T. (2001). Laser ranging: A critical review of usual techniques for distance measurement. Optical Engineering, 40(1), 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.1330700","journal-title":"Optical Engineering"},{"key":"2341_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bragan\u00e7a, S., Costa, E., Castellucci, I., & Arezes, P. (2019). A brief overview of the use of collaborative robots in industry 4.0: Human role and safety. In Studies in systems, decision and control (pp. 641\u2013650). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-14730-3_68","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-14730-3_68"},{"key":"2341_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cefalo, M., Magrini, E., & Oriolo, G. (2017). Parallel collision check for sensor based real-time motion planning. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2017 (pp. 1936\u20131943). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2017.7989225","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2017.7989225"},{"issue":"6","key":"2341_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1109\/tmech.2015.2415462","volume":"20","author":"NM Ceriani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ceriani, N. M., Zanchettin, A. M., Rocco, P., Stolt, A., & Robertsson, A. (2015). Reactive task adaptation based on hierarchical constraints classification for safe industrial robots. IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 20(6), 2935\u20132949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmech.2015.2415462","journal-title":"IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364912460413","volume":"32","author":"A Cherubini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cherubini, A., & Chaumette, F. (2012). Visual navigation of a mobile robot with laser-based collision avoidance. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 32(2), 189\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0278364912460413","journal-title":"The International Journal of Robotics Research"},{"key":"2341_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbot.2020.576846","author":"A Cherubini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cherubini, A., & Navarro-Alarcon, D. (2021). Sensor-based control for collaborative robots: Fundamentals, challenges, and opportunities. Frontiers in Neurorobotics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbot.2020.576846","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurorobotics"},{"key":"2341_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2015.12.007","volume":"40","author":"A Cherubini","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cherubini, A., Passama, R., Crosnier, A., Lasnier, A., & Fraisse, P. (2016). Collaborative manufacturing with physical human\u2013robot interaction. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 40, 1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2015.12.007","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.5370\/jeet.2017.12.1.310","volume":"12","author":"I Cho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cho, I., Lee, H. K., Chang, S., & Yoon, E. (2017). Compliant ultrasound proximity sensor for the safe operation of human friendly robots integrated with tactile sensing capability. Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, 12(1), 310\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5370\/jeet.2017.12.1.310","journal-title":"Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology"},{"key":"2341_CR20","unstructured":"Collaborative Robotic Automation\u2014Cobots from Universal Robots. (n.d.). Universal robots. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.universal-robots.com\/"},{"key":"2341_CR21","unstructured":"Collaborative Robotics for Assembly and Kitting in Smart Manufacturing. (n.d.). European Comission. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/id\/688807"},{"key":"2341_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrales, J. A., Candelas, F. A., & Torres, F. (2008, March). Hybrid tracking of human operators using IMU\/UWB data fusion by a Kalman filter. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM\/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction (pp. 193\u2013200)","DOI":"10.1145\/1349822.1349848"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1109\/tase.2020.3043286","volume":"19","author":"M Costanzo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Costanzo, M., De Maria, G., Lettera, G., & Natale, C. (2022). A multimodal approach to human safety in collaborative robotic workcells. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 19(2), 1202\u20131216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tase.2020.3043286","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering"},{"issue":"22","key":"2341_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.3182\/20120905-3-hr-2030.00068","volume":"45","author":"B D\u00e1niel","year":"2012","unstructured":"D\u00e1niel, B., Korondi, P., & Thomessen, T. (2012). Joint level collision avoidance for industrial robots. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 45(22), 655\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3182\/20120905-3-hr-2030.00068","journal-title":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2341_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-1098(75)90022-9","volume":"11","author":"E Davison","year":"1975","unstructured":"Davison, E., & Goldenberg, A. (1975). Robust control of a general servomechanism problem: The servo compensator. Automatica, 11(5), 461\u2013471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0005-1098(75)90022-9","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"key":"2341_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"De Luca, A., Albu\u2010Sch\u00e4ffer, A., Haddadin, S., & Hirzinger, G. (2006). Collision detection and safe reaction with the DLR-III lightweight manipulator arm. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, 2006 (pp. 1623\u20131630). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2006.282053","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2006.282053"},{"key":"2341_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"De Luca, A., & Flacco, F. (2012). Integrated control for pHRI: Collision avoidance, detection, reaction and collaboration. In 4th IEEE RAS & EMBS international conference on biomedical robotics and biomechatronics (BioRob), 2012 (pp. 288\u2013295). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/biorob.2012.6290917","DOI":"10.1109\/biorob.2012.6290917"},{"key":"2341_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2017.04.007","volume":"94","author":"J De Gea Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Gea Fern\u00e1ndez, J., Mronga, D., G\u00fcnther, M., Knobloch, T., Wirkus, M., Schr\u00f6er, M., Trampler, M., Stiene, S., Kirchner, E. A., Bargsten, V., B\u00e4nziger, T., Teiwes, J., Kr\u00fcger, T., & Kirchner, F. (2017). Multimodal sensor-based whole-body control for human\u2013robot collaboration in industrial settings. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 94, 102\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.robot.2017.04.007","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106806","volume":"149","author":"F De Pace","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Pace, F., Manuri, F., Sanna, A., & Fornaro, C. (2020). A systematic review of augmented reality interfaces for collaborative industrial robots. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 149, 106806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106806","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.18196\/jrc.v3i1.11659","volume":"3","author":"C Deniz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deniz, C., & G\u00f6kmen, G. (2021). A new robotic application for COVID-19 specimen collection process. Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC), 3(1), 73\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18196\/jrc.v3i1.11659","journal-title":"Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC)"},{"key":"2341_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2020.103653","volume":"134","author":"M Diab","year":"2020","unstructured":"Diab, M., Pomarlan, M., Be\u00dfler, D., Akbari, A., Rosell, J., Bateman, J. A., & Beetz, M. (2020). SkillMaN\u2014A skill-based robotic manipulation framework based on perception and reasoning. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 134, 103653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.robot.2020.103653","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics9020033","volume":"9","author":"E Digo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Digo, E., Antonelli, M., Cornagliotto, V., Pastorelli, S. P., & Gastaldi, L. (2020). Collection and analysis of human upper limbs motion features for collaborative robotic applications. Robotics, 9(2), 33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/robotics9020033","journal-title":"Robotics"},{"key":"2341_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ding, H., Schipper, M., & Matthias, B. (2013). Collaborative behavior design of industrial robots for multiple human-robot collaboration. In IEEE ISR 2013 (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/isr.2013.6695707","DOI":"10.1109\/isr.2013.6695707"},{"issue":"18","key":"2341_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17635","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2021.3064588","volume":"22","author":"X Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding, X., Guo, J., Ren, Z., & Deng, P. (2022). State-of-the-art in perception technologies for collaborative robots. IEEE Sensors Journal, 22(18), 17635\u201317645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jsen.2021.3064588","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Journal"},{"key":"2341_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ding, Y., Wilhelm, F., Faulhammer, L., & Thomas, U. (2019). With proximity servoing towards safe human-robot-interaction. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems (IROS), 2019 (pp. 4907\u20134912). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros40897.2019.8968438","DOI":"10.1109\/iros40897.2019.8968438"},{"key":"2341_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burger, R., Haddadin, S., Plank, G., Parusel, S., & Hirzinger, G. (2010, October). The driver concept for the DLR lightweight robot III. In 2010 IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (pp. 5453\u20135459). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2010.5650299"},{"key":"2341_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2018.00125","author":"G Du","year":"2018","unstructured":"Du, G., Long, S., Li, F., & Huang, X. (2018). Active collision avoidance for human-robot interaction with UKF, expert system, and artificial potential field method. Frontiers in Robotics and AI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frobt.2018.00125","journal-title":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI"},{"key":"2341_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2015.10.007","volume":"38","author":"G Du","year":"2016","unstructured":"Du, G., & Zhang, P. (2016). A novel human\u2013manipulators interface using hybrid sensors with Kalman filter and particle filter. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 38, 93\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2015.10.007","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"issue":"6","key":"2341_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2007.10.017","volume":"48","author":"AK Dubey","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dubey, A. K., & Yadava, V. (2008). Laser beam machining\u2014A review. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 48(6), 609\u2013628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2007.10.017","journal-title":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture"},{"key":"2341_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Savur, C., & Sahin, F. (2018). Dynamic awareness of an industrial robotic arm using time-of-flight laser-ranging sensors. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, (pp. 2850\u20132857)","DOI":"10.1109\/SMC.2018.00485"},{"key":"2341_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elshafie, M., & Bone, G. M. (2008). Markerless human tracking for industrial environments. In Conference proceedings. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ccece.2008.4564716","DOI":"10.1109\/ccece.2008.4564716"},{"key":"2341_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Escobedo, C., Strong, M., West, M. E., Aramburu, A., & Roncone, A. (2021). Contact anticipation for physical human\u2013robot interaction with robotic manipulators using onboard proximity sensors. In 2021 IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems (IROS). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros51168.2021.9636130","DOI":"10.1109\/iros51168.2021.9636130"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10020197","volume":"10","author":"M Fang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fang, M., Chen, Z., Przystupa, \u041a, Li, T., Majka, M., & \u041ao\u0447a\u043d, O. (2021). Examination of abnormal behavior detection based on improved YOLOV3. Electronics, 10(2), 197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/electronics10020197","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"2341_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fischer, M., & Henrich, D. (2009a). 3D collision detection for industrial robots and unknown obstacles using multiple depth images. In Springer eBooks (pp. 111\u2013122). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-01213-6_11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01213-6_11"},{"key":"2341_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fischer, M., & Henrich, D. (2009b). Surveillance of robots using multiple colour or depth cameras with distributed processing. In Third ACM\/IEEE international conference on distributed smart cameras (ICDSC), 2009 (pp. 1\u20138). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icdsc.2009.5289381","DOI":"10.1109\/icdsc.2009.5289381"},{"key":"2341_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Flacco, F., & De Luca, A. (2010). Multiple depth\/presence sensors: Integration and optimal placement for human\/robot coexistence. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, 2010 (pp. 3916\u20133923). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/robot.2010.5509125","DOI":"10.1109\/robot.2010.5509125"},{"key":"2341_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Flacco, F., Kr\u00f6ger, T., De Luca, A., & Khatib, O. (2012). A depth space approach to human-robot collision avoidance. In EEE international conference on robotics and automation, 2012 (pp. 338\u2013345). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2012.6225245","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2012.6225245"},{"key":"2341_CR47","unstructured":"Franka Emika - The Robotics Company. (n.d.). Franka robotics. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.franka.de\/"},{"key":"2341_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frigola, M., Casals, A., & Amat, J. (2006). Human-robot interaction based on a sensitive bumper skin. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, 2006 (pp. 283\u2013287). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2006.282139","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2006.282139"},{"key":"2341_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fritzsche, M., Saenz, J., & Penzlin, F. (2016). A large scale tactile sensor for safe mobile robot manipulation. In 2016 11th ACM\/IEEE international conference on human-robot interaction (HRI). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/hri.2016.7451789","DOI":"10.1109\/hri.2016.7451789"},{"key":"2341_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gabler, V., Stahl, T., Huber, G., Oguz, O. S., & Wollherr, D. (2017). A game-theoretic approach for adaptive action selection in close proximity human-robot-collaboration. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2017 (pp. 2897\u20132903). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2017.7989336","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2017.7989336"},{"issue":"3","key":"2341_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2012.11.015","volume":"46","author":"PS Gir\u00e3o","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gir\u00e3o, P. S., Ramos, P. M., Postolache, O., & Pereira, M. (2013). Tactile sensors for robotic applications. Measurement, 46(3), 1257\u20131271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.measurement.2012.11.015","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"issue":"12","key":"2341_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.3390\/s17122857","volume":"17","author":"G Glonek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Glonek, G., & Wojciechowski, A. (2017). Hybrid orientation based human limbs motion tracking method. Sensors, 17(12), 2857. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s17122857","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"9","key":"2341_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.3390\/s18092952","volume":"18","author":"X Guang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guang, X., Gao, Y., Leung, H., Liu, P., & Li, G. (2018). An autonomous vehicle navigation system based on inertial and visual sensors. Sensors, 18(9), 2952. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s18092952","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2341_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.03.043","volume":"72","author":"R Halme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Halme, R., Lanz, M., K\u00e4m\u00e4r\u00e4inen, J., Pieters, R., Latokartano, J., & Hietanen, A. (2018). Review of vision-based safety systems for human-robot collaboration. Procedia CIRP, 72, 111\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procir.2018.03.043","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"2341_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2017.05.013","volume":"49","author":"D Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han, D., Nie, H., Chen, J., & Chen, M. (2018). Dynamic obstacle avoidance for manipulators using distance calculation and discrete detection. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 49, 98\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2017.05.013","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Han, F., Siva, S., & Zhang, H. (2019). Scalable representation learning for long-term augmented reality-based information delivery in collaborative human-robot perception. In Lecture notes in computer science (pp. 47\u201362). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-21565-1_4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-21565-1_4"},{"key":"2341_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hawkins, K. P., Vo, N., Bansal, S., & Bobick, A. F. (2013). Probabilistic human action prediction and wait-sensitive planning for responsive human-robot collaboration. In 13th IEEE-RAS international conference on humanoid robots (humanoids), 2013 (pp. 499\u2013506). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/humanoids.2013.7030020","DOI":"10.1109\/humanoids.2013.7030020"},{"key":"2341_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Henrich, D., & Gecks, T. (2008). Multi-camera collision detection between known and unknown objects. In Second ACM\/IEEE international conference on distributed smart cameras, 2008 (pp. 1\u201310). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icdsc.2008.4635717","DOI":"10.1109\/icdsc.2008.4635717"},{"issue":"15\u201316","key":"2341_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1080\/01691864.2019.1636714","volume":"33","author":"A Hentout","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hentout, A., Mustapha, A., Maoudj, A., & Akli, I. (2019). Human\u2013robot interaction in industrial collaborative robotics: A literature review of the decade 2008\u20132017. Advanced Robotics, 33(15\u201316), 764\u2013799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01691864.2019.1636714","journal-title":"Advanced Robotics"},{"key":"2341_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2019.101891","volume":"63","author":"A Hietanen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hietanen, A., Pieters, R., Lanz, M., Latokartano, J., & K\u00e4m\u00e4r\u00e4inen, J. (2020). AR-based interaction for human-robot collaborative manufacturing. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 63, 101891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2019.101891","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoffmann, A., Poeppel, A., Schierl, A., & Reif, W. (2016). Environment-aware proximity detection with capacitive sensors for human-robot-interaction. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems (IROS), 2016 (pp. 145\u2013150). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2016.7759047","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2016.7759047"},{"key":"2341_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107189","volume":"155","author":"J Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang, J., Pham, D. T., Li, R., Qu, M., Wang, Y., Kerin, M., Su, S., Ji, C., Mahomed, O., Khalil, R. A., Stockton, D., Xu, W., Liu, Q., & Zhou, Z. (2021). An experimental human-robot collaborative disassembly cell. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 155, 107189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107189","journal-title":"Computers & Industrial Engineering"},{"key":"2341_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hur, S., Oh, S., & Oh, Y. (2014). Joint space torque controller based on time-delay control with collision detection. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, 2014 (pp. 4710\u20134715). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2014.6943232","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2014.6943232"},{"issue":"19","key":"2341_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6620","DOI":"10.3390\/s21196620","volume":"21","author":"A Ibarguren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ibarguren, A., & Daelman, P. (2021). Path driven dual arm mobile co-manipulation architecture for large part manipulation in industrial environments. Sensors, 21(19), 6620. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21196620","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2341_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Indri, M., Sibona, F., & Cheng, P. D. C. (2020a). Sen3Bot Net: a meta-sensors network to enable smart factories implementation. In 25th IEEE international conference on emerging technologies and factory automation (ETFA), 2020 (pp. 719\u2013726). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/etfa46521.2020.9212125","DOI":"10.1109\/etfa46521.2020.9212125"},{"key":"2341_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Indri, M., Sibona, F., Cheng, P. D. C., & Possieri, C. (2020b). Online supervised global path planning for AMRs with human-obstacle avoidance. In 25th IEEE international conference on emerging technologies and factory automation (ETFA), 2020 (pp. 1473\u20131479). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/etfa46521.2020.9212151","DOI":"10.1109\/etfa46521.2020.9212151"},{"key":"2341_CR67","unstructured":"Industrial Automation and Robotics - Comau. (n.d.). COMAU. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.comau.com\/en\/"},{"key":"2341_CR68","unstructured":"Industrial Intelligence 4.0 Beyond Automation\u2014KUKA AG. (n.d.). KUKA. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.kuka.com\/"},{"key":"2341_CR69","unstructured":"Industry 5.0: Towards More Sustainable, Resilient and Human-Centric Industry. (2021, January 7). Research and innovation. https:\/\/research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu\/news\/all-research-and-innovation-news\/industry-50-towards-more-sustainable-resilient-and-human-centric-industry-2021-01-07_en"},{"key":"2341_CR70","unstructured":"Innovative Human-Robot Cooperation in BMW Group Production. (n.d.). BMW Group. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.press.bmwgroup.com\/global\/article\/detail\/T0209722EN\/innovative-human-robot-cooperation-in-bmw-group-production?language=en"},{"key":"2341_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su, H. et al. (2020, May). Internet of things (IoT)-based collaborative control of a redundant manipulator for teleoperated minimally invasive surgeries. In 2020 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA) (pp. 9737\u20139742). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA40945.2020.9197321"},{"key":"2341_CR72","unstructured":"ISO\/TS 15066:2016. (2016, March 8). ISO. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/62996.html"},{"key":"2341_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogr.2021.06.001","volume":"1","author":"M Javaid","year":"2021","unstructured":"Javaid, M., Haleem, A., Singh, R. P., & Suman, R. (2021). Substantial capabilities of robotics in enhancing industry 4.0 implementation. Cognitive Robotics, 1, 58\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cogr.2021.06.001","journal-title":"Cognitive Robotics"},{"issue":"5","key":"2341_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1109\/tmech.2017.2718108","volume":"22","author":"M Jin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jin, M., Kang, S. H., Chang, P. H., & Lee, J. (2017). Robust control of robot manipulators using inclusive and enhanced time delay control. IEEE\/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 22(5), 2141\u20132152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmech.2017.2718108","journal-title":"IEEE\/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-019-01104-z","volume":"98","author":"WK Juel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Juel, W. K., Haarslev, F., Ram\u00edrez, E. R., Marchetti, E., Fischer, K., Shaikh, D., Manoonpong, P., Hauch, C., & Kr\u00fcger, N. (2019). SMOOTH robot: Design for a novel modular welfare robot. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 98(1), 19\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10846-019-01104-z","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5772\/5715","volume":"4","author":"S Kahlouche","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kahlouche, S., & Ali, K. (2007). Optical flow based robot obstacle avoidance. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, 4(1), 2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/5715","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kaldestad, K. B., Haddadin, S., Belder, R., Hovland, G., & Anisi, D. A. (2014). Collision avoidance with potential fields based on parallel processing of 3D-point cloud data on the GPU. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2014 (pp. 3250\u20133257). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2014.6907326","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2014.6907326"},{"key":"2341_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kallweit, S., Walenta, R., & Gottschalk, M. B. (2015). ROS based safety concept for collaborative robots in industrial applications. In Advances in robot design and intelligent control (pp. 27\u201335). Springer, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-21290-6_3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-21290-6_3"},{"key":"2341_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kenk, M. A., Hassaballah, M., & Breth\u00e9, J. (2019). Human-aware robot navigation in logistics warehouses. In ICINCO (2), 2019 (pp. 371\u2013378). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0007920903710378","DOI":"10.5220\/0007920903710378"},{"key":"2341_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khatib, M., Khudir, K. A., & De Luca, A. (2017). Visual coordination task for human-robot collaboration. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems (IROS), 2017 (pp. 3762\u20133768). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2017.8206225","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2017.8206225"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.38016\/jista.682479","volume":"3","author":"MS Knudsen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Knudsen, M. S., & Kaivo-oja, J. (2020). Collaborative robots: Frontiers of current literature. Journal of Intelligent Systems: Theory and Applications, 3(2), 13\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.38016\/jista.682479","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent Systems: Theory and Applications"},{"key":"2341_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17714\/gumusfenbil.990175","author":"S Ko\u00e7","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ko\u00e7, S., & Do\u011fan, C. (2022). Manufacturing and controlling 5-axis ball screw driven industrial robot moving through G codes. G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane \u00dcniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Dergisi. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17714\/gumusfenbil.990175","journal-title":"G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane \u00dcniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Dergisi"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3390\/s20020342","volume":"20","author":"Y Kortli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kortli, Y., Jridi, M., Falou, A. A., & Atri, M. (2020). Face recognition systems: A survey. Sensors, 20(2), 342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20020342","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"2341_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.03.130","volume":"72","author":"N Kousi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kousi, N., Michalos, G., Aivaliotis, S., & Makris, S. (2018). An outlook on future assembly systems introducing robotic mobile dual arm workers. Procedia CIRP, 72, 33\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procir.2018.03.130","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"2341_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K\u00fchn, S., Gecks, T., & Henrich, D. (2006). Velocity control for safe robot guidance based on fused vision and force\/torque data. In IEEE international conference on multisensor fusion and integration for intelligent systems, 2006 (pp. 485\u2013492). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mfi.2006.265623","DOI":"10.1109\/mfi.2006.265623"},{"key":"2341_CR86","unstructured":"KUKA AG. (2021, October 6). LBR iiwa. https:\/\/www.kuka.com\/en-de\/products\/robot-systems\/industrial-robots\/lbr-iiwa"},{"key":"2341_CR87","unstructured":"KUKA AG. (2024, January 19). LBR iisy cobot. https:\/\/www.kuka.com\/en-de\/products\/robot-systems\/industrial-robots\/lbr-iisy-cobot"},{"issue":"5","key":"2341_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1109\/tro.2013.2271097","volume":"29","author":"B La\u010devi\u0107","year":"2013","unstructured":"La\u010devi\u0107, B., Rocco, P., & Zanchettin, A. M. (2013). Safety assessment and control of robotic manipulators using danger field. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 29(5), 1257\u20131270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tro.2013.2271097","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Robotics"},{"key":"2341_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, C., Hansen, A. K., Chrysostomou, D., B\u00f8gh, S., & Madsen, O. (2022). Bringing a natural language-enabled virtual assistant to industrial mobile robots for learning, training and assistance of manufacturing tasks. 2022 In IEEE\/SICE international symposium on system integration (SII). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/sii52469.2022.9708757","DOI":"10.1109\/sii52469.2022.9708757"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1267\/1\/012036","volume":"1267","author":"P Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, P., & Liu, X. (2019). Common sensors in industrial robots: A review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1267(1), 012036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/1267\/1\/012036","journal-title":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series"},{"issue":"5","key":"2341_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1109\/tmech.2020.2995904","volume":"25","author":"W Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, W., Han, Y., Wu, J., & Xiong, Z. (2020). Collision detection of robots based on a force\/torque sensor at the bedplate. IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 25(5), 2565\u20132573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmech.2020.2995904","journal-title":"IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics"},{"issue":"7","key":"2341_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.5772\/58834","volume":"11","author":"N Likar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Likar, N., & \u017dlajpah, L. (2014). External joint torque-based estimation of contact information. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, 11(7), 107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/58834","journal-title":"International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lim, G. H., Pedrosa, E., Amaral, F., Dias, R., Pereira, A., Lau, N., Azevedo, J. L., Cunha, B., & Reis, L. P. (2017). Human-robot collaboration and safety management for logistics and manipulation tasks. In Advances in intelligent systems and computing (pp. 15\u201327). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-70836-2_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70836-2_2"},{"key":"2341_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Limoyo, O., Ablett, T., Mari\u0107, F., Volpatti, L., & Kelly, J. (2018). Self-calibration of mobile manipulator kinematic and sensor extrinsic parameters through contact-based interaction. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2018 (pp. 4913\u20134920). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2018.8460658","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2018.8460658"},{"key":"2341_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2017.02.004","volume":"68","author":"H Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, H., & Wang, L. (2018). Gesture recognition for human-robot collaboration: A review. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 68, 355\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ergon.2017.02.004","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1108\/ir-09-2017-0165","volume":"45","author":"P Long","year":"2017","unstructured":"Long, P., Chevallereau, C., Chablat, D., & Girin, A. (2017). An industrial security system for human-robot coexistence. Industrial Robot: An International Journal, 45(2), 220\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ir-09-2017-0165","journal-title":"Industrial Robot: An International Journal"},{"key":"2341_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu, S., Chung, J., & Velinsky, S. A. (2006). Human-robot collision detection and identification based on wrist and base force\/torque sensors. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, 2005 (pp. 3796\u20133801). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/robot.2005.1570699","DOI":"10.1109\/robot.2005.1570699"},{"key":"2341_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31256\/zb5dy3b","author":"R Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma, R., Chen, J., & Oyekan, J. (2020). A review of manufacturing systems for introducing collaborative robots. Journal of Robotics & Autonomous Systems. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31256\/zb5dy3b","journal-title":"Journal of Robotics & Autonomous Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"2341_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2020.3022326","volume":"21","author":"S Majumder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Majumder, S., & Kehtarnavaz, N. (2021). Vision and inertial sensing fusion for human action recognition: A review. IEEE Sensors Journal, 21(3), 2454\u20132467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jsen.2020.3022326","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Journal"},{"key":"2341_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2022.02.171","volume":"106","author":"S Makris","year":"2022","unstructured":"Makris, S., & Aivaliotis, P. (2022). AI-based vision system for collision detection in HRC applications. Procedia CIRP, 106, 156\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procir.2022.02.171","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"2341_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Manoharan, M., & Kumaraguru, S. (2018). Path planning for direct energy deposition with collaborative robots: A review. In 2018 conference on information and communication technology (CICT), 2018 (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/infocomtech.2018.8722362","DOI":"10.1109\/infocomtech.2018.8722362"},{"key":"2341_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mariotti, E., Magrini, E., & De Luca, A. (2019). Admittance control for human-robot interaction using an industrial robot equipped with a F\/T sensor. In International conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2019 (pp. 6130\u20136136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2019.8793657","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2019.8793657"},{"issue":"6","key":"2341_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155014771985398","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147719853987","volume":"15","author":"L Mart\u00ednez-Villase\u00f1or","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Villase\u00f1or, L., & Ponce, H. (2019). A concise review on sensor signal acquisition and transformation applied to human activity recognition and human\u2013robot interaction. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 15(6), 155014771985398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1550147719853987","journal-title":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"},{"key":"2341_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mejia, O., Nu\u00f1ez, D., Razuri, J., Cornejo, J., & Palomares, R. (2022). Mechatronics design and kinematic simulation of 5 DOF serial robot manipulator for soldering THT electronic components in printed circuit boards. In 2022 first international conference on electrical, electronics, information and communication technologies (ICEEICT). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iceeict53079.2022.9768447","DOI":"10.1109\/iceeict53079.2022.9768447"},{"key":"2341_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Melchiorre, M., Scimmi, L. S., Pastorelli, S. P., & Mauro, S. (2019). Collison avoidance using point cloud data fusion from multiple depth sensors: A practical approach. In 23rd international conference on mechatronics technology (ICMT), 2019 (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icmect.2019.8932143","DOI":"10.1109\/icmect.2019.8932143"},{"issue":"9","key":"2341_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1080\/0951192x.2016.1268269","volume":"30","author":"A Mohammed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohammed, A., Schmidt, B., & Wang, L. (2016). Active collision avoidance for human\u2013robot collaboration driven by vision sensors. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 30(9), 970\u2013980. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0951192x.2016.1268269","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing"},{"issue":"4","key":"2341_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8021","DOI":"10.1109\/lra.2021.3102318","volume":"6","author":"S Moon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moon, S., Kim, J., Yim, H., Kim, Y., & Choi, H. R. (2021). Real-time obstacle avoidance using dual-type proximity sensor for safe human-robot interaction. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 6(4), 8021\u20138028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/lra.2021.3102318","journal-title":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters"},{"key":"#cr-split#-2341_CR108.1","unstructured":"Lu, Y., Zeng, L., & Bone, G. M. (2005). Multisensor system for safer humanrobot"},{"key":"#cr-split#-2341_CR108.2","unstructured":"interaction. In Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. IEEE, (pp. 1767-1772)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2341_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1109\/tro.2020.3047472","volume":"37","author":"C Nam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nam, C., Cheong, S. H., Lee, J., Kim, D. H., & Kim, C. (2021). Fast and resilient manipulation planning for object retrieval in cluttered and confined environments. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 37(5), 1539\u20131552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tro.2020.3047472","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Robotics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1109\/lra.2020.3032104","volume":"6","author":"H Nascimento","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nascimento, H., Mujica, M., & Benoussaad, M. (2021). Collision avoidance interaction between human and a hidden robot based on kinect and robot data fusion. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 6(1), 88\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/lra.2020.3032104","journal-title":"IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2341_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-018-2788-x","volume":"101","author":"P Neto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neto, P., Sim\u00e3o, M., Mendes, N., & Safeea, M. (2018). Gesture-based human-robot interaction for human assistance in manufacturing. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 101(1\u20134), 119\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00170-018-2788-x","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2341_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1109\/tcyb.2019.2947532","volume":"51","author":"UE Ogenyi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ogenyi, U. E., Liu, J., Yang, C., Ju, Z., & Liu, H. (2021). Physical human\u2013robot collaboration: Robotic systems, learning methods, collaborative strategies, sensors, and actuators. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 51(4), 1888\u20131901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tcyb.2019.2947532","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics"},{"key":"2341_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill, J. J., Lu, J., Dockter, R., & Kowalewski, T. M. (2015). Practical, stretchable smart skin sensors for contact-aware robots in safe and collaborative interactions. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2015 (pp. 624\u2013629). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2015.7139244","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2015.7139244"},{"key":"2341_CR114","unstructured":"Ostermann, B., Huelke, M., & Kahl, A. (2013). Freed from fences: Safeguarding industrial robots with ultrasound. In Proceedings of 6th working on safety conference, 2012. https:\/\/www.arbeitssicherheit.uni-wuppertal.de\/fileadmin\/site\/arbeitssicherheit\/Publikationen\/Fachartikel\/Freed_From_Fences_Ostermann_Huelke_Kahl.pdf"},{"key":"2341_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Palmieri, P., Melchiorre, M., Scimmi, L. S., Pastorelli, S. P., & Mauro, S. (2020). Human arm motion tracking by kinect sensor using Kalman filter for collaborative robotics. In Mechanisms and machine science (pp. 326\u2013334). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-55807-9_37","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-55807-9_37"},{"key":"2341_CR116","unstructured":"Majeed, S. M., Abed, I. A., & Alsafaar, A. A. (2021). Path Planning with Static and Dynamic Obstacles Avoidance Using Image Processing. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, 12(8), 12A8A."},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/s0921-8890(02)00274-9","volume":"41","author":"V Perdereau","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perdereau, V., Passi, C., & Drouin, M. (2002). Real-time control of redundant robotic manipulators for mobile obstacle avoidance. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 41(1), 41\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0921-8890(02)00274-9","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Poeppel, A., Hoffmann, A., Siehler, M., & Reif, W. (2020). Robust distance estimation of capacitive proximity sensors in HRI using neural networks. In Fourth IEEE international conference on robotic computing (IRC), 2020 (pp. 344\u2013351). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/irc.2020.00061","DOI":"10.1109\/irc.2020.00061"},{"key":"2341_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Popov, D., Klimchik, A., & Mavridis, N. (2017). Collision detection, localization & classification for industrial robots with joint torque sensors. In IEEE international symposium on robot and human interactive communication (RO-MAN), 2017 (pp. 838\u2013843). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/roman.2017.8172400","DOI":"10.1109\/roman.2017.8172400"},{"issue":"4","key":"2341_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1109\/tase.2020.2978917","volume":"17","author":"M Raessa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raessa, M., Chen, J. C. Y., Wan, W., & Harada, K. (2020). Human-in-the-loop robotic manipulation planning for collaborative assembly. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 17(4), 1800\u20131813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tase.2020.2978917","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering"},{"key":"2341_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechatronics.2017.12.009","volume":"55","author":"M Ragaglia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ragaglia, M., Zanchettin, A. M., & Rocco, P. (2018). Trajectory generation algorithm for safe human-robot collaboration based on multiple depth sensor measurements. Mechatronics, 55, 267\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mechatronics.2017.12.009","journal-title":"Mechatronics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2341_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1108\/ir-04-2018-0079","volume":"45","author":"H Rajnathsing","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rajnathsing, H., & Li, C. (2018). A neural network based monitoring system for safety in shared work-space human-robot collaboration. Industrial Robot-an International Journal, 45(4), 481\u2013491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ir-04-2018-0079","journal-title":"Industrial Robot-an International Journal"},{"key":"2341_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ram\u00f3n, J. A. C., Candelas, F. A., & Torres, F. (2008). Hybrid tracking of human operators using IMU\/UWB data fusion by a Kalman filter. In 3rd ACM\/IEEE international conference on human-robot interaction (HRI), 2008 (pp. 193\u2013200). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1349822.1349848","DOI":"10.1145\/1349822.1349848"},{"key":"2341_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rashid, A., Peesapati, K., Bdiwi, M., Krusche, S., Hardt, W., & P\u00fctz, M. (2020). Local and global sensors for collision avoidance. In IEEE international conference on multisensor fusion and integration for intelligent systems (MFI), 2020 (pp. 354\u2013359). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mfi49285.2020.9235223","DOI":"10.1109\/mfi49285.2020.9235223"},{"key":"2341_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2019.00058","author":"F Rea","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rea, F., Vignolo, A., Sciutti, A., & Noceti, N. (2019). Human motion understanding for selecting action timing in collaborative human-robot interaction. Frontiers in Robotics and AI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frobt.2019.00058","journal-title":"Frontiers in Robotics and AI"},{"key":"2341_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1687-6180-2014-88","author":"S Robla","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robla, S., Llata, J., Torre-Ferrero, C., Sarabia, E., Becerra, V. M., & P\u00e9rez-Oria, J. (2014). Visual sensor fusion for active security in robotic industrial environments. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1687-6180-2014-88","journal-title":"EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing"},{"key":"2341_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosenstrauch, M. J., & Kr\u00fcger, J. (2018). Safe human robot collaboration\u2014Operation area segmentation for dynamic adjustable distance monitoring. In 4th international conference on control, automation and robotics (ICCAR), 2018 (pp. 17\u201321). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iccar.2018.8384637","DOI":"10.1109\/iccar.2018.8384637"},{"key":"2341_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2017.07.129","volume":"11","author":"J Saenz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saenz, J., Vogel, C., Penzlin, F., & Elkmann, N. (2017). Safeguarding collaborative mobile manipulators\u2014Evaluation of the VALERI workspace monitoring system. Procedia Manufacturing, 11, 47\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.promfg.2017.07.129","journal-title":"Procedia Manufacturing"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2341_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-020-01159-3","volume":"99","author":"M Safeea","year":"2020","unstructured":"Safeea, M., B\u00e9ar\u00e9e, R., & Neto, P. (2020). Collision avoidance of redundant robotic manipulators using Newton\u2019s method. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 99(3\u20134), 673\u2013681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10846-020-01159-3","journal-title":"Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2019.01.008","volume":"58","author":"M Safeea","year":"2019","unstructured":"Safeea, M., & Neto, P. (2019). Minimum distance calculation using laser scanner and IMUs for safe human-robot interaction. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 58, 33\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2019.01.008","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5368","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2018.2889311","volume":"7","author":"M Safeea","year":"2019","unstructured":"Safeea, M., Neto, P., & B\u00e9ar\u00e9e, R. (2019a). Efficient calculation of minimum distance between capsules and its use in robotics. IEEE Access, 7, 5368\u20135373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2018.2889311","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2341_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Safeea, M., Neto, P., & B\u00e9ar\u00e9e, R. (2019b). Precise hand-guiding of redundant manipulators with null space control for in-contact obstacle navigation. In IECON 2019-45th annual conference of the IEEE industrial electronics society, 2019 (pp. 693\u2013698). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iecon.2019.8927766","DOI":"10.1109\/iecon.2019.8927766"},{"key":"2341_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protcy.2014.08.014","volume":"14","author":"O Sahu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sahu, O., Biswal, B. B., Mukherjee, S., & Jha, P. (2014). Multiple sensor integrated robotic end-effectors for assembly. Procedia Technology, 14, 100\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.protcy.2014.08.014","journal-title":"Procedia Technology"},{"key":"2341_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sakr, M., Uddin, W., & Van Der Loos, H. F. M. (2020). Orthographic vision-based interface with motion-tracking system for robot arm teleoperation. In Companion of the 2020 ACM\/IEEE international conference on human-robot interaction, 2020 (pp. 424\u2013426). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3371382.3378311","DOI":"10.1145\/3371382.3378311"},{"key":"2341_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Saveriano, M., & Lee, D. (2014). Distance based dynamical system modulation for reactive avoidance of moving obstacles. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2014 (pp. 5618\u20135623). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra.2014.6907685","DOI":"10.1109\/icra.2014.6907685"},{"issue":"4","key":"2341_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2014.04.004","volume":"33","author":"B Schmidt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmidt, B., & Wang, L. (2014). Depth camera based collision avoidance via active robot control. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 33(4), 711\u2013718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmsy.2014.04.004","journal-title":"Journal of Manufacturing Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2021.102253","volume":"73","author":"S Secil","year":"2022","unstructured":"Secil, S., & \u00d6zkan, M. (2022). Minimum distance calculation using skeletal tracking for safe human-robot interaction. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 73, 102253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2021.102253","journal-title":"Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1109\/tmech.2020.3020504","volume":"26","author":"S Sefati","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sefati, S., Hegeman, R., Alambeigi, F., Iordachita, I., Kazanzides, P., Khanuja, H. S., Taylor, R. H., & Armand, M. (2021). A surgical robotic system for treatment of pelvic osteolysis using an FBG-equipped continuum manipulator and flexible instruments. IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 26(1), 369\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmech.2020.3020504","journal-title":"IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics"},{"key":"2341_CR139","unstructured":"Sensor-based roadmaps for motion planning for articulated robots in unknown environments: some experiments with an eye-in-hand system. (1999). Proceedings 1999 IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems. Human and environment friendly robots with high intelligence and emotional quotients (Cat. No.99CH36289). https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/abstract\/document\/811724\/"},{"key":"2341_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sherwani, F., Asad, M. M., & Ibrahim, B. (2020). Collaborative robots and industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0). In 2020 international conference on emerging trends in smart technologies (ICETST) (pp. 1\u20135). IEEE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icetst49965.2020.9080724","DOI":"10.1109\/icetst49965.2020.9080724"},{"issue":"7","key":"2341_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364919896625","volume":"41","author":"S Siva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Siva, S., & Zhang, H. (2020). Robot perceptual adaptation to environment changes for long-term human teammate following. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 41(7), 706\u2013720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0278364919896625","journal-title":"The International Journal of Robotics Research"},{"key":"2341_CR142","unstructured":"Smart Collaborative Robots\u2014Rethink Robotics. (n.d.). Rethink robotics. Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.rethinkrobotics.com\/"},{"key":"2341_CR143","unstructured":"Roque, P., & Ventura, R. (2016). A Space CoBot for personal assistance in space stations. In IJCAI-2016 Workshop on Autonomous Mobile Service Robots, New York."},{"key":"2341_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2018.06.003","volume":"107","author":"JE Solanes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Solanes, J. E., Gracia, L., Mu\u00f1oz-Benavent, P., Mir\u00f3, J. V., Carmichael, M. G., & Tornero, J. (2018). Human\u2013robot collaboration for safe object transportation using force feedback. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 107, 196\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.robot.2018.06.003","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"2341_CR145","unstructured":"Bernelin, M. C., Val\u00e8s, M., & Aviation, D. (2019). Space rider\u2019s inspection by a cobot. In 8th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences."},{"key":"2341_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stetco, C., Ubezio, B., M\u00fchlbacher-Karrer, S., & Zangl, H. (2020). Radar sensors in collaborative robotics: Fast simulation and experimental validation. In IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), 2020 (pp. 10452\u201310458). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icra40945.2020.9197180","DOI":"10.1109\/icra40945.2020.9197180"},{"key":"2341_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan, J. T. C., & Arai, T. (2011). Triple stereo vision system for safety monitoring of human-robot collaboration in cellular manufacturing. In IEEE international symposium on assembly and manufacturing (ISAM), 2011 (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/isam.2011.5942335","DOI":"10.1109\/isam.2011.5942335"},{"key":"2341_CR148","unstructured":"The Brain\u2019s Sense of Movement. (2002). Harvard University Press. https:\/\/books.google.com.pk\/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ccfmEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=IA5&dq=The+brain%E2%80%99s+sense+of+movement&ots=HnRuTWRA4d&sig=_rfK1_yv-HcFqgQ54QSHtscoTjg&redir_esc=y"},{"issue":"6","key":"2341_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.3390\/s19061305","volume":"19","author":"MA Trujillo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Trujillo, M. A., Dios, J. M., Mart\u00edn, C., Viguria, A., & Ollero, A. (2019). Novel aerial manipulator for accurate and robust industrial NDT contact inspection: A new tool for the oil and gas inspection industry. Sensors, 19(6), 1305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19061305","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"10","key":"2341_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5519","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2020.2969653","volume":"20","author":"S Tsuji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsuji, S., & Kohama, T. (2020). Proximity and contact sensor for human cooperative robot by combining Time-of-Flight and Self-Capacitance sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal, 20(10), 5519\u20135526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jsen.2020.2969653","journal-title":"IEEE Sensors Journal"},{"key":"2341_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2022.05.128","volume":"107","author":"TB Tuli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tuli, T. B., Henkel, M., & Manns, M. (2022). Latent space based collaborative motion modeling from motion capture data for human robot collaboration. Procedia CIRP, 107, 1180\u20131185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procir.2022.05.128","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"2341_CR152","unstructured":"Ultrasonic Distance Sensor - HC-SR04 (5V). (n.d.). SEN-15569\u2014SparkFun electronics. https:\/\/www.sparkfun.com\/products\/15569"},{"key":"2341_CR153","unstructured":"UR5e Lightweight, versatile cobot. (n.d.). https:\/\/www.universal-robots.com\/products\/ur5-robot\/"},{"key":"2341_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Uzunovi\u0107, T., Golubovic, E., Tucakovi\u0107, Z., Acikmese, Y., & \u015eabanovi\u00e7, A. (2018). Task-based control and human activity recognition for human-robot collaboration. In IECON 2018\u201344th annual conference of the IEEE industrial electronics society, 2018 (pp. 5110\u20135115). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iecon.2018.8591206","DOI":"10.1109\/iecon.2018.8591206"},{"issue":"11","key":"2341_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2018.08.236","volume":"51","author":"V Villani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Villani, V., Pini, F., Leali, F., Secchi, C., & Fantuzzi, C. (2018). Survey on human-robot interaction for robot programming in industrial applications. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 51(11), 66\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ifacol.2018.08.236","journal-title":"IFAC-PapersOnLine"},{"key":"2341_CR156","unstructured":"Visible Imaging Sensor (RGB Color Camera) | Infiniti Electro-Optics. (n.d.). Infiniti electro-optics. https:\/\/www.infinitioptics.com\/glossary\/visible-imaging-sensor-400700nm-colour-cameras"},{"key":"2341_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vogel, C., Fritzsche, M., & Elkmann, N. (2016). Safe human-robot cooperation with high-payload robots in industrial applications. In 2016 11th ACM\/IEEE international conference on human-robot interaction (HRI). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/hri.2016.7451840","DOI":"10.1109\/hri.2016.7451840"},{"key":"2341_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vogel, C., Poggendorf, M., Walter, C., & Elkmann, N. (2011). Towards safe physical human-robot collaboration: A projection-based safety system. In 2011 IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2011.6094550","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2011.6094550"},{"key":"2341_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vogel, C., Walter, C., & Elkmann, N. (2013). A projection-based sensor system for safe physical human-robot collaboration. In IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, 2013 (pp. 5359\u20135364). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iros.2013.6697132","DOI":"10.1109\/iros.2013.6697132"},{"key":"2341_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2017.07.127","volume":"11","author":"C Vogel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vogel, C., Walter, C., & Elkmann, N. (2017). Safeguarding and supporting future human-robot cooperative manufacturing processes by a projection- and camera-based technology. Procedia Manufacturing, 11, 39\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.promfg.2017.07.127","journal-title":"Procedia Manufacturing"},{"key":"2341_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, L., Liu, S., Liu, H., & Wang, X. V. (2020). Overview of human-robot collaboration in manufacturing. In Lecture notes in mechanical engineering (pp. 15\u201358). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-46212-3_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-46212-3_2"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mfglet.2013.08.001","volume":"1","author":"L Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, L., Schmidt, B., & Nee, A. Y. C. (2013). Vision-guided active collision avoidance for human-robot collaborations. Manufacturing Letters, 1(1), 5\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mfglet.2013.08.001","journal-title":"Manufacturing Letters"},{"key":"2341_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2018.02.010","volume":"119","author":"J Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, J., Chen, Y., Hao, S., Peng, X., & Hu, L. (2019). Deep learning for sensor-based activity recognition: A survey. Pattern Recognition Letters, 119, 3\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.patrec.2018.02.010","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Letters"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1017\/s0263574706003249","volume":"25","author":"S Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang, S., Jin, B., & Fu, Y. (2007). Real-time motion planning for robot manipulators in unknown environments using infrared sensors. Robotica, 25(2), 201\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0263574706003249","journal-title":"Robotica"},{"issue":"5","key":"2341_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6495","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-3275-8","volume":"76","author":"X Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, X., Yang, C., Ju, Z., Ma, H., & Fu, M. (2016). Robot manipulator self-identification for surrounding obstacle detection. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 76(5), 6495\u20136520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-016-3275-8","journal-title":"Multimedia Tools and Applications"},{"key":"2341_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2847","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2962554","volume":"8","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Wu, Y., & Niu, Q. (2020b). Multi-sensor fusion in automated driving: A survey. IEEE Access, 8, 2847\u20132868. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/access.2019.2962554","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"2341_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.12928\/telkomnika.v15i1.3566","volume":"15","author":"H Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu, H., Huang, J., Yang, X., Ye, J., & He, S. (2017). A robot collision avoidance method using kinect and global vision. TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control, 15(1), 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12928\/telkomnika.v15i1.3566","journal-title":"TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control"},{"key":"2341_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang, S., Xu, W., Liu, Z., Zhou, Z., & Pham, D. T. (2018). Multi-source vision perception for human-robot collaboration in manufacturing. In IEEE 15th international conference on networking, sensing and control (ICNSC), 2018 (pp. 1\u20136). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icnsc.2018.8361333","DOI":"10.1109\/icnsc.2018.8361333"},{"key":"2341_CR169","unstructured":"YASKAWA. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2024, from https:\/\/www.yaskawa.eu.com\/en\/news-events\/news\/article\/news"},{"key":"2341_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2019.03.003","volume":"116","author":"SE Zaatari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zaatari, S. E., Marei, M., Li, W., & Usman, Z. (2019). Cobot programming for collaborative industrial tasks: An overview. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 116, 162\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.robot.2019.03.003","journal-title":"Robotics and Autonomous Systems"},{"issue":"6","key":"2341_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.3390\/s19061354","volume":"19","author":"J Zabalza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zabalza, J., Fei, Z., Wong, C., Yan, Y., Mineo, C., Yang, E., Rodden, T., Mehnen, J., Pham, Q. C., & Ren, J. (2019). Smart sensing and adaptive reasoning for enabling industrial robots with interactive human-robot capabilities in dynamic environments\u2014A case study. Sensors, 19(6), 1354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19061354","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"7","key":"2341_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3934","DOI":"10.1109\/tii.2018.2882741","volume":"15","author":"AM Zanchettin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zanchettin, A. M., Casalino, A., Piroddi, L., & Rocco, P. (2019). Prediction of human activity patterns for human\u2013robot collaborative assembly tasks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 15(7), 3934\u20133942. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tii.2018.2882741","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2341_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1109\/tase.2015.2412256","volume":"13","author":"AM Zanchettin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zanchettin, A. M., Ceriani, N. M., Rocco, P., Ding, H., & Matthias, B. (2016). Safety in human-robot collaborative manufacturing environments: Metrics and control. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 13(2), 882\u2013893. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tase.2015.2412256","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering"},{"key":"2341_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Li, P., Zhu, T., Zhang, W., & Liu, S. (2020). Human motion capture based on kinect and IMUs and its application to human-robot collaboration. In 5th international conference on advanced robotics and mechatronics (ICARM), 2020 (pp. 392\u2013397). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icarm49381.2020.9195342","DOI":"10.1109\/icarm49381.2020.9195342"},{"issue":"4","key":"2341_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"003685042097036","DOI":"10.1177\/0036850420970366","volume":"103","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Liang, D., Sun, L., Guo, X., Jiang, J., Zuo, S., & Zhang, Y. (2020b). Design and experimental study of a novel 7-DOF manipulator for transrectal ultrasound probe. Science Progress, 103(4), 003685042097036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0036850420970366","journal-title":"Science Progress"},{"issue":"7","key":"2341_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics10070793","volume":"10","author":"J Zhong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhong, J., Ling, C., Cangelosi, A., Lotfi, A., & Liu, X. (2021). On the gap between domestic robotic applications and computational intelligence. Electronics, 10(7), 793. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/electronics10070793","journal-title":"Electronics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10845-024-02341-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10845-024-02341-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10845-024-02341-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T20:19:56Z","timestamp":1744316396000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10845-024-02341-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"references-count":178,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["2341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10845-024-02341-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-5515","1572-8145"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-5515","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8145","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 March 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest exists.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}