{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T04:14:06Z","timestamp":1768536846454,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639180800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N2129002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N2129002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020A1515110121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515110121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Intell Robot Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-021-01550-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]],"date-time":"2021-12-11T05:02:23Z","timestamp":1639198943000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Development and Validation of a Robotic System Combining Mobile Wheelchair and Lower Extremity Exoskeleton"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4083-0589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1550_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.09.007","volume":"5","author":"B Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, B., Ma, H., Qin, L.Y., et al.: Recent developments and challenges of lower extremity exoskeletons. J. Orthop. Translat. 5, 26\u201337 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2015.09.007","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Translat."},{"key":"1550_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D\u00edaz, I., Gil, J.J., S\u00e1nchez, E., Lower-limb robotic rehabilitation: literature review and challenges. J. Robot. 2011,\u00a01-11 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2011\/759764","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/759764"},{"key":"1550_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2020.44.2.131","volume":"44","author":"SH Kwon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kwon, S.H., Lee, B.S., Lee, H.J., Kim, E.J., et al.: Energy efficiency and patient satisfaction of gait with knee-ankle-foot orthosis and robot (ReWalk)-assisted gait in patients with spinal cord injury. Ann. Rehabil. Med. 44, 131\u2013141 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2020.44.2.131","journal-title":"Ann. Rehabil. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"1550_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2365697","volume":"23","author":"SQ Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, S.Q., Wang, L.T., Meijneke, C., et al.: Design and Control of the MINDWALKER Exoskeleton. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 23(2), 277\u2013286 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNSRE.2014.2365697","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"1550_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4172\/2165-7939.S4-003","volume":"4","author":"SA Kolakowsky-Hayner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kolakowsky-Hayner, S.A., Crew, J., Moran, S., Shah, A.: Safety and feasibility of using the EksoTM bionic exoskeleton to aid ambulation after spinal cord injury. J. Spine 4(3), 1\u20138 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2165-7939.S4-003","journal-title":"J. Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"1550_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1310\/sci17-00055","volume":"24","author":"M Juszczak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Juszczak, M., Gallo, E., Bushnik, T.: Examining the effects of a powered exoskeleton on quality of life and secondary impairments in people living with spinal cord injury. Top. Spinal Cord Inj. Rehab. 24(3), 336\u2013342 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1310\/sci17-00055","journal-title":"Top. Spinal Cord Inj. Rehab."},{"key":"1550_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.5194\/ms-10-11-2019","volume":"10","author":"Z Song","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song, Z., Tian, C., Dai, J.S.: Mechanism design and analysis of a proposed wheelchair-exoskeleton hybrid robot for assisting human movement. Mech. Sci. 10, 11\u201324 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/ms-10-11-2019","journal-title":"Mech. Sci."},{"key":"1550_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Borisoff, J.F., Mattie, J., Rafer, V.: Concept proposal for a detachable exoskeleton-wheelchair to improve mobility and health. In: Proc. IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), University of Washington, Seattle, WA (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICORR.2013.6650396","DOI":"10.1109\/ICORR.2013.6650396"},{"key":"1550_CR9","unstructured":"Shankar, T., Santosh, K.D.: A Hybrid Assistive Wheelchair- Exoskeleton. In: Proc. International Convention on Rehabilitation Engineering & Assistive Technology, Singapore Therapeutic, Assistive & Rehabilitative Technologies Centre (2015)"},{"key":"1550_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kim, D., Kang, B.B., Kim, K.B., et al.: Eyes are faster than hands: A soft wearable robot learns user intention from the egocentric view. Sci. Robot. 4,\u00a0essay 2949 (2019).\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scirobotics.aav2949","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aav2949"},{"issue":"2","key":"1550_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2659654","volume":"25","author":"T Vouga","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vouga, T., Zhuang, K.Z., Olivier, J., et al.: EXiO\u2014A brain-controlled lower limb exoskeleton for rhesus macaques. IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng. 25(2), 131\u2013141 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2659654","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"1550_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-018-0391-x","volume":"15","author":"C Leonardo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leonardo, C., Meyer, J.T., Galloway, K.C., et al.: Assisting hand function after spinal cord injury with a fabric-based soft robotic glove. J. Neuroeng. Rehabil. 15(1), 59 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-018-0391-x","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"1550_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.07.273","volume":"41","author":"K Anam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Anam, K., A-Jumaily, A.A.: Active exoskeleton control systems: state of the art. Procedia Eng. 41, 988\u2013994 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.07.273","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"1550_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2017.01.006","volume":"67","author":"Y Long","year":"2017","unstructured":"Long, Y., Du, Z.J., Cong, L., et al.: Active disturbance rejection control based human gait tracking for lower extremity rehabilitation exoskeleton. ISA Trans. 67, 389\u2013397 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isatra.2017.01.006","journal-title":"ISA Trans."},{"key":"1550_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2016.2599864","volume":"15","author":"S Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao, S., Huang, B., Liu, F.: Localization of indoor mobile robot using minimum variance unbiased FIR filter. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 15, 410\u2013419 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TASE.2016.2599864","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"1550_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.2986446","volume":"99","author":"S Duan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duan, S., Su, R., Xu, C., et al.: Ultra-wideband radio channel characteristics for near-ground swarm robots communication. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 99, 1\u201310 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TWC.2020.2986446","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"1550_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S1672-6529(16)60397-9","volume":"14","author":"Y Long","year":"2017","unstructured":"Long, Y., Du, Z.J., Chen, C.F., et al.: Development and analysis of an electrically actuated lower extremity assistive exoskeleton. J. Bionic Eng. 14(2), 272\u2013283 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1672-6529(16)60397-9","journal-title":"J. Bionic Eng."},{"key":"1550_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2017.08.007","author":"Y Long","year":"2018","unstructured":"Long, Y., Du, Z.J., Wang, W.D., Dong, W.: Human motion intent learning based adaptive motion assistance control for a wearable exoskeleton. Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf.\u00a049,\u00a0317\u2013327 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcim.2017.08.007"},{"issue":"5","key":"1550_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/1729881416664847","volume":"13","author":"Y Long","year":"2016","unstructured":"Long, Y., Du, Z.J., Wang, W.D., Dong, W.: Development of a wearable exoskeleton rehabilitation system based on hybrid control mode. Int. J. Adv. Rob. Syst. 13(5), 1\u201313 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1729881416664847","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Rob. Syst."},{"key":"1550_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noronha, B., Dziemian, S., Zito, G.A., Faisal, C. Konnaris, and A.A.: Wink to grasp comparing eye, voice & emg gesture control of grasp with soft robotic gloves. In: Proc. Int. Conf. Rehabil. Robot., pp.\u00a01043\u20131048 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICORR.2017.8009387"},{"key":"1550_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tran, P., Jeong, S., Wolf, S.L., Desai, J.P.: Patient-specific, voice-controlled, robotic FLEXo tendon Glove-II system for spinal cord injury. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 5(2) (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2020.2965900"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intelligent &amp; Robotic Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10846-021-01550-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10846-021-01550-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10846-021-01550-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T13:13:49Z","timestamp":1643634829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10846-021-01550-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1550"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10846-021-01550-8","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"uri","id":"","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0921-0296","1573-0409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0921-0296","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-0409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest\/Competing Interests"}},{"value":"The experiments are performed in the laboratory and ethical approval is granted by the Laboratory Management Council.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Publish"}}],"article-number":"5"}}