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In that respect, understanding the mechanics and control of human locomotion will help us build legged robots with comparable efficient performance. From another perspective, developing bioinspired robots can also improve our understanding of human locomotion. In this work, we create a bioinspired robot with a blended physical and virtual impedance control to configure the robot\u2019s mechatronic setup. We consider human neural control and musculoskeletal system a blueprint for a hopping robot. The hybrid electric-pneumatic actuator (EPA) presents an artificial copy of this biological system to implement the blended control. By defining efficacy as a metric that encompasses both performance and efficiency, we demonstrate that incorporating a simple force-based control besides constant pressure pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM) alone can increase the efficiency up to 21% in simulations and 7% in experiments with the 2-segmented EPA-hopper robot. Also, we show that with proper adjustment of the force-based controller and the PAMs, efficacy can be further increased to 41%. Finally, experimental results with the 3-segmented EPA-hopper robot and comparisons with human hopping confirm the extendability of the proposed methods to more complex robots.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-022-01631-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T16:08:38Z","timestamp":1652285318000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Bioinspired Legged Robot Design via Blended Physical and Virtual Impedance Control"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2601-1958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omid","family":"Mohseni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Aida Mohammadi Nejad","family":"Rashty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Seyfarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Koh","family":"Hosoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maziar Ahmad","family":"Sharbafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1631_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pratt, G.A., Williamson, M.M.: Series elastic actuators. 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