{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:49:01Z","timestamp":1782460141127,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCHM 3248\/2-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCHM 3248\/2-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Math Imaging Vis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We consider the problem of surface segmentation, where the goal is to partition a surface represented by a triangular mesh. The segmentation is based on the similarity of the normal vector field to a given set of label vectors. We propose a variational approach and compare two different regularizers, both based on a total variation measure. The first regularizer penalizes the total variation of the assignment function directly, while the second regularizer penalizes the total variation in the label space. In order to solve the resulting optimization problems, we use variations of the split Bregman (ADMM) iteration adapted to the problem at hand. While computationally more expensive, the second regularizer yields better results in our experiments. In particular it removes noise more reliably in regions of constant curvature. In order to mitigate the computational cost, we present a manifold Newton scheme for the most expensive subproblem, which is related to the Riemannian center of mass on a sphere. This significantly improves the computational cost.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10851-026-01303-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:22:25Z","timestamp":1782458545000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two Models for Surface Segmentation using the Total Variation of the Normal Vector"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Manuel","family":"Wei\u00df","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Baumg\u00e4rtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Weigl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronny","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1303_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lellmann, J., Kappes, J., Yuan, J., Becker, F., Schn\u00f6rr, C.: Convex multi-class image labeling by simplex-constrained total variation. In: Tai, X.-C., M\u00f8rken, K., Lysaker, M., Lie, K.-A. (eds.) Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5567, pp. 150\u2013162. Springer (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-02256-2_13","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02256-2_13"},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1137\/100805844","volume":"4","author":"J Lellmann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lellmann, J., Schn\u00f6rr, C.: Continuous multiclass labeling approaches and algorithms. SIAM J. Imag. Sci. 4(4), 1049\u20131096 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1137\/100805844","journal-title":"SIAM J. Imag. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"1303_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.03.009","volume":"45","author":"Y He","year":"2012","unstructured":"He, Y., Yousuff Hussaini, M., Ma, J., Shafei, B., Steidl, G.: A new fuzzy c-means method with total variation regularization for segmentation of images with noisy and incomplete data. Pattern Recogn. 45(9), 3463\u20133471 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.03.009","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn."},{"issue":"5","key":"1303_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/cpa.3160300502","volume":"30","author":"H Karcher","year":"1977","unstructured":"Karcher, H.: Riemannian center of mass and mollifier smoothing. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 30(5), 509\u2013541 (1977). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpa.3160300502","journal-title":"Commun. Pure Appl. Math."},{"key":"1303_CR5","unstructured":"Weigl, L., Schiela, A.: Newton\u2019s Method for Nonlinear Mappings Into Vector Bundles. arXiv:2404.04073v2"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s10915-011-9477-3","volume":"50","author":"C Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu, C., Zhang, J., Duan, Y., Tai, X.-C.: Augmented Lagrangian method for total variation based image restoration and segmentation over triangulated surfaces. J. Sci. Comput. 50(1), 145\u2013166 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10915-011-9477-3","journal-title":"J. Sci. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"1303_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2005.11.022","volume":"39","author":"D Hwan Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hwan Kim, D., Dong Yun, I., Uk Lee, S.: Boundary-trimmed 3D triangular mesh segmentation based on iterative merging strategy. Pattern Recogn. 39(5), 827\u2013838 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.patcog.2005.11.022","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn."},{"issue":"3","key":"1303_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2011.03.016","volume":"35","author":"J Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang, J., Yu, Z.: Surface feature based mesh segmentation. Comput. Graph. 35(3), 661\u2013667 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cag.2011.03.016","journal-title":"Comput. Graph."},{"issue":"5","key":"1303_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1080\/16864360.2018.1441235","volume":"15","author":"Z Sun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sun, Z., Harik, R., Baek, S.: Mesh segmentation via geodesic curvature flow. Comput.-Aided Design Appl. 15(5), 677\u2013683 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/16864360.2018.1441235","journal-title":"Comput.-Aided Design Appl."},{"issue":"20","key":"1303_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2352\/issn.2470-1173.2017.20.3dipm-005","volume":"29","author":"S Gauthier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gauthier, S., Puech, W., B\u00e9ni\u00e8re, R., Subsol, G.: Digitized 3D mesh segmentation based on curvature analysis. Electron. Imag. 29(20), 33\u201338 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2352\/issn.2470-1173.2017.20.3dipm-005","journal-title":"Electron. Imag."},{"issue":"8\u201310","key":"1303_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-005-0319-x","volume":"21","author":"H Yamauchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yamauchi, H., Gumhold, S., Zayer, R., Seidel, H.-P.: Mesh segmentation driven by Gaussian curvature. Vis. Comput. 21(8\u201310), 659\u2013668 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-005-0319-x","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"3","key":"1303_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1145\/1015706.1015817","volume":"23","author":"D Cohen-Steiner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cohen-Steiner, D., Alliez, P., Desbrun, M.: Variational shape approximation. ACM Trans. Graph. 23(3), 905\u2013914 (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1015706.1015817","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"issue":"11","key":"1303_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2012.04.005","volume":"44","author":"D-M Yan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yan, D.-M., Wang, W., Liu, Y., Yang, Z.: Variational mesh segmentation via quadric surface fitting. Comput. Aided Des. 44(11), 1072\u20131082 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cad.2012.04.005","journal-title":"Comput. Aided Des."},{"key":"1303_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Wu, C., Zhang, J.: Variational mesh denoising using total variation and piecewise constant function space. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 21(7), 873\u2013886 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVCG.2015.2398432","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2015.2398432"},{"issue":"4\/5","key":"1303_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1504\/ijsise.2016.078263","volume":"9","author":"H Nabi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nabi, H., Douik, A.: An extended Mumford\u2013Shah model for shape partitioning. Int. J. Signal Imag. Syst. Eng. 9(4\/5), 226 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/ijsise.2016.078263","journal-title":"Int. J. Signal Imag. Syst. Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"1303_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2167076.2167079","volume":"31","author":"J Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Zheng, J., Wu, C., Cai, J.: Variational mesh decomposition. ACM Trans. Graph. 31(3), 1\u201314 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2167076.2167079","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"issue":"11","key":"1303_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-017-1434-1","volume":"34","author":"H Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, H., Wu, C., Deng, J., Liu, Z., Yang, Y.: A new two-stage mesh surface segmentation method. Vis. Comput. 34(11), 1597\u20131615 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-017-1434-1","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"1303_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/cpa.3160420503","volume":"42","author":"D Mumford","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mumford, D., Shah, J.: Optimal approximations by piecewise smooth functions and associated variational problems. Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 42(5), 577\u2013685 (1989). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpa.3160420503","journal-title":"Commun. Pure Appl. Math."},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3306346.3322959","volume":"38","author":"R Hanocka","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hanocka, R., Hertz, A., Fish, N., Giryes, R., Fleishman, S., Cohen-Or, D.: MeshCNN: a network with an edge. ACM Trans. Graph. 38(4), 1\u201312 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3306346.3322959","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"key":"1303_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Charles, R.Q., Su, H., Kaichun, M., Guibas, L.J.: PointNet: deep learning on point sets for 3D classification and segmentation. In: 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 77\u201385. IEEE (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/cvpr.2017.16","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2017.16"},{"key":"1303_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bergmann, R., Herrmann, M., Herzog, R., Schmidt, S., Vidal-N\u00fa\u00f1ez, J.: Total variation of the normal vector field as shape prior. Inv. Prob. 36(5), 054004 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6420\/ab6d5b. arXiv:1902.07240","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6420\/ab6d5b"},{"key":"1303_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boumal, N.: An Introduction to Optimization on Smooth Manifolds. Cambridge University Press, (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/9781009166164.https:\/\/www.nicolasboumal.net\/book","DOI":"10.1017\/9781009166164."},{"key":"1303_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.14495\/jsiaml.13.17","volume":"13","author":"J Goto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goto, J., Sato, H.: Approximated logarithmic maps on Riemannian manifolds and their applications. JSIAM Lett. 13, 17\u201320 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14495\/jsiaml.13.17","journal-title":"JSIAM Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"1303_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10851-016-0702-4","volume":"58","author":"F \u00c5str\u00f6m","year":"2017","unstructured":"\u00c5str\u00f6m, F., Petra, S., Schmitzer, B., Schn\u00f6rr, C.: Image labeling by assignment. J. Math. Imag. Vis. 58(2), 211\u2013238 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10851-016-0702-4","journal-title":"J. Math. Imag. Vis."},{"key":"1303_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergmann, R., Herrmann, M., Herzog, R., Schmidt, S., Vidal-N\u00fa\u00f1ez, J.: Discrete total variation of the normal vector field as shape prior with applications in geometric inverse problems. Inv. Prob. 36(5), 054003 (2020) 10.1088\/1361-6420\/ab6d5c. arXiv:1908.07916","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6420\/ab6d5c"},{"key":"1303_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lellmann, J., Strekalovskiy, E., Koetter, S., Cremers, D.: Total variation regularization for functions with values in a manifold. In: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 2944\u20132951 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCV.2013.366","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2013.366"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s10851-010-0251-1","volume":"40","author":"A Chambolle","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chambolle, A., Pock, T.: A first-order primal-dual algorithm for convex problems with applications to imaging. J. Math. Imag. Vis. 40(1), 120\u2013145 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10851-010-0251-1","journal-title":"J. Math. Imag. Vis."},{"key":"1303_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pock, T., Cremers, D., Bischof, H., Chambolle, A.: An algorithm for minimizing the Mumford-Shah functional. In: 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 1133\u20131140. IEEE (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iccv.2009.5459348","DOI":"10.1109\/iccv.2009.5459348"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1561\/2200000016","volume":"3","author":"S Boyd","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boyd, S., Parikh, N., Chu, E., Peleato, B., Eckstein, J.: Distributed optimization and statistical learning via the alternating direction method of multipliers. Found. Trends Mach. Learn. 3(1), 1\u2013122 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1561\/2200000016","journal-title":"Found. Trends Mach. Learn."},{"key":"1303_CR30","unstructured":"Wang, W., Carreira-Perpi\u00f1\u00e1n, M.A.: Projection Onto the Probability Simplex: an Efficient Algorithm Wih a Simple Proof, and an Application. arXiv:1309.1541"},{"key":"1303_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuan, J., Bae, E., Tai, X.-C.: A study on continuous max-flow and min-cut approaches. In: 2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 2217\u20132224. IEEE, (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/cvpr.2010.5539903","DOI":"10.1109\/cvpr.2010.5539903"},{"key":"1303_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bae, E., Yuan, J., Tai, X.-C., Boykov, Y.: A fast continuous max-flow approach to non-convex multi-labeling problems, pp. 134\u2013154. Springer (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-54774-4_7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-54774-4_7"},{"key":"1303_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuan, J., Bae, E., Tai, X.-C., Boykov, Y.: A continuous max-flow approach to Potts model. In: Daniilidis, K., Maragos, P., Paragios, N. (eds.) Computer Vision - ECCV 2010, pp. 379\u2013392. Springer (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-15567-3_28","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15567-3_28"},{"key":"1303_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goldstein, T., Osher, S.: The split Bregman method for $$L1$$-regularized problems. SIAM J. Imag. Sci. 2(2), 323\u2013343 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1137\/080725891","DOI":"10.1137\/080725891"},{"issue":"4","key":"1303_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s12532-020-00179-2","volume":"12","author":"B Stellato","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stellato, B., Banjac, G., Goulart, P., Bemporad, A., Boyd, S.: OSQP: an operator splitting solver for quadratic programs. Math. Program. Comput. 12(4), 637\u2013672 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12532-020-00179-2","journal-title":"Math. Program. Comput."},{"key":"1303_CR36","unstructured":"Li, Q., McKenzie, D., Yin, W.: From the Simplex to the Sphere: Faster Constrained Optimization Using the Hadamard Parametrization. arXiv:2112.05273"},{"key":"1303_CR37","unstructured":"Weigl, L., Bergmann, R., Schiela, A.: Newton\u2019s Method for Nonlinear Mappings Into Vector Bundles. In: Part II: Application to Variational Problems. arXiv:2507.13836v1"},{"key":"1303_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-0541-8","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Differential Geometry","author":"S Lang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lang, S.: Fundamentals of Differential Geometry. Springer, Berlin (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4612-0541-8"},{"key":"1303_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-40065-5","volume-title":"Numerical Optimization","author":"J Nocedal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nocedal, J., Wright, S.J.: Numerical Optimization, 2nd edn. Springer, New York (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-40065-5","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01908075","volume":"2","author":"L Hubert","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hubert, L., Arabie, P.: Comparing partitions. J. Classif. 2(1), 193\u2013218 (1985). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf01908075","journal-title":"J. Classif."},{"issue":"336","key":"1303_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1971.10482356","volume":"66","author":"WM Rand","year":"1971","unstructured":"Rand, W.M.: Objective criteria for the evaluation of clustering methods. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 66(336), 846\u2013850 (1971). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01621459.1971.10482356","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"issue":"100","key":"1303_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.11588\/ans.2015.100.20553","volume":"3","author":"M Aln\u00e6s","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aln\u00e6s, M., Blechta, J., Hake, J., Johansson, A., Kehlet, B., Logg, A., Richardson, C., Rognes, M.E., Wells, G.N.: The FEniCS project version 1.5. Arch. Numer. Softw. 3(100), 9\u201323 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11588\/ans.2015.100.20553","journal-title":"Arch. Numer. Softw."},{"key":"1303_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoppe, H., DeRose, T., Duchamp, T., Halstead, M., Jin, H., McDonald, J., Schweitzer, J., Stuetzle, W.: Piecewise smooth surface reconstruction. In: Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques - SIGGRAPH \u201994, pp. 295\u2013302. ACM Press (1994). DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/192161.192233","DOI":"10.1145\/192161.192233"},{"key":"1303_CR44","unstructured":"Shedelbower, A.: Sample 3D Model: Fan Disk. Wolfram Data Repository (2022). https:\/\/datarepository.wolframcloud.com\/resources\/Sample-3D-Model-Fan-Disk\/ Accessed 2023\u201305-17"},{"issue":"1","key":"1303_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s11004-009-9257-x","volume":"42","author":"A Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez, A.: Measurement of areas on a sphere using Fibonacci and latitude-longitude lattices. Math. Geosci. 42(1), 49\u201364 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11004-009-9257-x","journal-title":"Math. Geosci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10851-026-01303-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10851-026-01303-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10851-026-01303-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:22:35Z","timestamp":1782458555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10851-026-01303-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10851-026-01303-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-9907","1573-7683"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-9907","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7683","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"34"}}