{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T19:09:56Z","timestamp":1771873796589,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]],"date-time":"2018-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542153600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-018-1109-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]],"date-time":"2018-11-14T05:18:15Z","timestamp":1542172695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Prediction of Incident Delirium Using a Random Forest classifier"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3456-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John P.","family":"Corradi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeffrey F.","family":"Mather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christine M.","family":"Waszynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Dicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1109_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1","volume":"383","author":"SK Inouye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Inouye, S. K., Westendorp, R. G. J., and Saczynski, J. S., Delirium in elderly people. Lancet 383:911\u2013922, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1 .","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1109_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1998.00073.x","volume":"13","author":"SK Inouye","year":"1998","unstructured":"Inouye, S. K., Rushing, J. T., Foreman, M. D. et al., Does delirium contribute to poor hospital outcomes?: A three-site epidemiologic study. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 13:234\u2013242, 1998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1998.00073.x .","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-001-1132-2","volume":"27","author":"EW Ely","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ely, E. W., Gautam, S., Margolin, R. et al., The impact of delirium in the intensive care unit on hospital length of stay. Intensive Care Med. 27:1892\u20131900, 2001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-001-1132-2 .","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"1109_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1013","volume":"304","author":"J Witlox","year":"2010","unstructured":"Witlox, J., Eurelings, L. S. M., De Jonghe, J. F. M. et al., Delirium in Elderly Patients and the Risk of Postdischarge Mortality. JAMA 304:443\u2013451, 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2010.1013 .","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1109_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182147f6d","volume":"112","author":"JL Rudolph","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rudolph, J. L., and Marcantonio, E. R., Postoperative Delirium: Acute change with long-term implications. Anesth. Analg. 112:1202\u20131211, 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182147f6d .","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"1109_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181e47be1","volume":"38","author":"TD Girard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Girard, T. D., Jackson, J. C., Pandharipande, P. P. et al., Delirium as a predictor of long-term cognitive impairment in survivors of critical illness. Crit. Care Med. 38:1513\u20131520, 2010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181e47be1 .","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"1109_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12240","volume":"17","author":"Clare Langan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Langan, C., Sarode, D. P., Russ, T. C. et al., Psychiatric symptomatology after delirium: a systematic review. Psychogeriatrics, 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psyg.12240 .","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"1109_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3423","volume":"74","author":"DHJ Davis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Davis, D. H. J., Muniz-Terrera, G., Keage, H. A. D. et al., Association of Delirium With Cognitive Decline in Late Life. JAMA Psychiatry 74:244, 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3423 .","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"1109_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1564685","volume":"35","author":"E Brown","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brown, E., and Douglas, V., Moving Beyond Metabolic Encephalopathy: An Update on Delirium Prevention, Workup, and Management. Semin. Neurol. 35:646\u2013655, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1564685 .","journal-title":"Semin. Neurol."},{"key":"1109_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.7779","volume":"175","author":"TT Hshieh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hshieh, T. T., Yue, J., Oh, E. et al., Effectiveness of Multicomponent Nonpharmacological Delirium Interventions. JAMA Intern. Med. 175:512, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.7779 .","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000062","volume":"8","author":"PG Lawlor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lawlor, P. G., and Bush, S. H., Delirium diagnosis, screening and management. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 8:286\u2013295, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000062 .","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"1109_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-113-12-941","volume":"113","author":"SK Inouye","year":"1990","unstructured":"Inouye, S. K., Van Dyck, C. H., Alessi, C. A. et al., Clarifying confusion: The confusion assessment method: A new method for detection of delirium. Ann. Intern. Med. 113:941\u2013948, 1990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-113-12-941 .","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3928\/00989134-20080401-06","volume":"34","author":"C Waszynski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Waszynski, C., and Petrovic, K., Nurses\u2019 evaluation of the Confusion Assessment Method: a pilot study. J. Gerontol. Nurs. 34:49\u201356, 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/00989134-20080401-06 .","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Nurs."},{"key":"1109_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107000-00012","volume":"29","author":"EW Ely","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ely, E. W., Margolin, R., Francis, J. et al., Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Crit. Care Med. 29:1370\u20131379, 2001.","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"1109_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-1927","volume":"160","author":"SK Inouye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Inouye, S. K., Kosar, C. M., Tommet, D. et al., The CAM-S: Development and validation of a new scoring system for delirium severity in 2 cohorts. Ann. Intern. Med. 160:526\u2013533, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M13-1927 .","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13138","volume":"62","author":"LCC Meenen Van","year":"2014","unstructured":"Van Meenen, L. C. C., van Meenen, D. M. P., de Rooij, S. E., and ter Riet, G., Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 62:2383\u20132390, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.13138 .","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"1109_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e420","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e420","volume":"344","author":"M Boogaard van den","year":"2012","unstructured":"van den Boogaard, M., Pickkers, P., Slooter, A. J. C. et al., Development and validation of PRE-DELIRIC (PREdiction of DELIRium in ICu patients) delirium prediction model for intensive care patients: observational multicentre study. BMJ 344:e420\u2013e420, 2012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.e420 .","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"1109_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3072","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003072","volume":"95","author":"Min Young Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim MY, Park UJ, Kim HT, Cho WH (2016) DELirium Prediction Based on Hospital Information (Delphi) in General Surgery Patients. 95:1\u20137. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000003072","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"1109_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12692","volume":"62","author":"Maura Kennedy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kennedy, M., Enander, R. A., Tadiri, S. P. et al., Delirium risk prediction, healthcare use and mortality of elderly adults in the emergency department. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 62, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.12692 .","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"1109_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman, L., Random Forests. Mach. Learn. 45:5\u201332, 2001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1010933404324 .","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"1109_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433","volume":"173","author":"H Quan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Quan, H., Li, B., Couris, C. M. et al., Updating and validating the charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries. Am. J. Epidemiol. 173:676\u2013682, 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwq433 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"1109_CR22","unstructured":"Wasey JO (2016) ICD: Tools for Working with ICD-9 and ICD-10 Codes, and Finding Comorbidities"},{"key":"1109_CR23","unstructured":"Team TH a. (2017) h2o: R Interface for H2O"},{"key":"1109_CR24","unstructured":"Chen C, Liaw A, Breiman L (2004) Using random forest to learn imbalanced data. Univ California, Berkeley 1\u201312. doi: ley.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/tech-reports\/666.pdf"},{"key":"1109_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-11-51","volume":"11","author":"M Khalilia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Khalilia, M., Chakraborty, S., and Popescu, M., Predicting disease risks from highly imbalanced data using random forest. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 11:51, 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6947-11-51 .","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"1109_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Platt, J., Probabilistic outputs for support vector machines and comparisons to regularized likelihood methods. Adv Large Margin Classif 10:61\u201374, 1999. 10.1.1.41.1639.","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1113.003.0008"},{"key":"1109_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kuhn M (2008) Building Predictive Models in R Using the caret Package. J Stat Software, Artic 28:1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v028.i05 .","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v028.i05"},{"key":"1109_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77","volume":"12","author":"X Robin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Robin, X., Turck, N., Hainard, A. et al., pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves. BMC Bioinformatics 12:77, 2011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77 .","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"1109_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv153","volume":"31","author":"J Grau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grau, J., Grosse, I., and Keilwagen, J., PRROC: computing and visualizing precision-recall and receiver operating characteristic curves in R. Bioinformatics 31:2595\u20132597, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btv153 .","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"1109_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1072","volume":"2","author":"A-L Boulesteix","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boulesteix, A.-L., Janitza, S., Kruppa, J., and K\u00f6nig, I. R., Overview of random forest methodology and practical guidance with emphasis on computational biology and bioinformatics. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Data Min Knowl Discov 2:493\u2013507, 2012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/widm.1072 .","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Data Min Knowl Discov"},{"key":"1109_CR31","first-page":"105","volume":"78","author":"L Semancik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Semancik, L., Waszynski, C., and Udeh, E., Delirium in hospitalized patients: recognition, prevention, and management. Conn. Med. 78:105\u2013109, 2014.","journal-title":"Conn. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2013.05.003","volume":"21","author":"Z Tieges","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tieges, Z., McGrath, A., Hall, R. J., and MacLullich, A. M. J., Abnormal Level of Arousal as a Predictor of Delirium and Inattention: An Exploratory Study. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 21:1244\u20131253, 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jagp.2013.05.003 .","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"1109_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12706","volume":"22","author":"JH Han","year":"2015","unstructured":"Han, J. H., Vasilevskis, E. E., Schnelle, J. F. et al., The Diagnostic Performance of the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale for Detecting Delirium in Older Emergency Department Patients. Acad. Emerg. Med. 22:878\u2013882, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.12706 .","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.05.010","volume":"17","author":"A Morandi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morandi, A., Han, J. H., Meagher, D. et al., Detecting Delirium Superimposed on Dementia: Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale. J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 17:828\u2013833, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.05.010 .","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"1109_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2016.06.013","volume":"5799","author":"JP Corradi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Corradi, J. P., Chhabra, J., Mather, J. F. et al., Analysis of multi-dimensional contemporaneous EHR data to refine delirium assessments. Comput. Biol. Med. 5799:1\u201324, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2016.06.013 .","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.17216","volume":"304","author":"V Gulshan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gulshan, V., Peng, L., Coram, M. et al., Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs. Jama 304:649\u2013656, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2016.17216 .","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"2","key":"1109_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016161315","volume":"283","author":"Timothy J. W. Dawes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dawes, T. J. W., de Marvao, A., Shi, W. et al., Machine Learning of Three-dimensional Right Ventricular Motion Enables Outcome Prediction in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Cardiac MR Imaging Study. Radiology 161315, 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2016161315 .","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1109_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-61499-558-6-56","volume":"214","author":"S Ghose","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ghose, S., Mitra, J., Khanna, S., and Dowling, J., An Improved Patient-Specific Mortality Risk Prediction in ICU in a Random Forest Classification Framework. Stud Health Technol Inform 214:56\u201361, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/978-1-61499-558-6-56 .","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"1109_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2015.05.016","volume":"56","author":"J Futoma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Futoma, J., Morris, J., and Lucas, J., A comparison of models for predicting early hospital readmissions. J. Biomed. Inform. 56:229\u2013238, 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbi.2015.05.016 .","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"1109_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1754","volume":"72","author":"RC Kessler","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kessler, R. C., Warner, C. H., Ivany, C. et al., Predicting Suicides After Psychiatric Hospitalization in US Army Soldiers: The Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS). JAMA Psychiatry 72:1\u20139, 2014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1754 .","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"1109_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003039","volume":"9","author":"BJ Mortazavi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mortazavi, B. J., Downing, N. S., Bucholz, E. M. et al., Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for Heart Failure Readmissions. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 9:629\u2013640, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.116.003039 .","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"1109_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12876","volume":"23","author":"RA Taylor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taylor, R. A., Pare, J. R., Venkatesh, A. K. et al., Prediction of In-hospital Mortality in Emergency Department Patients with Sepsis: A Local Big Data-Driven, Machine Learning Approach. Acad. Emerg. Med. 23:269\u2013278, 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.12876 .","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"1109_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kramer, D., Veeranki, S., Hayn, D., and Quehenberger, F., Development and Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model for the Occurrence of Delirium in Hospitalized Gerontopsychiatry and Internal Medicine Patients. Stud Health Technol Inform:32\u201339, 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/978-1-61499-759-7-32 .","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-61499-759-7-32"},{"key":"1109_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e181018","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.1018","volume":"1","author":"A Wong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wong, A., Young, A. T., Liang, A. S. et al., Development and Validation of an Electronic Health Record\u2013Based Machine Learning Model to Estimate Delirium Risk in Newly Hospitalized Patients Without Known Cognitive Impairment. JAMA Netw. Open 1:e181018, 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.1018 .","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"1109_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e181405","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMANETWORKOPEN.2018.1405","volume":"1","author":"CW Halladay","year":"2018","unstructured":"Halladay, C. W., Sillner, A. Y., and Rudolph, J. L., Performance of Electronic Prediction Rules for Prevalent Delirium at Hospital Admission. JAMA Netw. Open 1:e181405, 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/JAMANETWORKOPEN.2018.1405 .","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10916-018-1109-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10916-018-1109-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10916-018-1109-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T10:22:31Z","timestamp":1720779751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10916-018-1109-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10916-018-1109-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-5598","1573-689X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-5598","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-689X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 December 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to declare. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of Interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"For this type of study formal consent is not required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}}],"article-number":"261"}}