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Many health and social care services have rapidly become \u2018digital by default\u2019. The electronic identification (e-ID) technology is needed for secure authentication to digital services. Recent studies have shown that the \u2018digital divide\u2019 is prominent between ethnic minorities and the majority populations and between older and younger adults. Inequalities related to not having an e-ID, which is in many countries required to access digital health services, remain under-researched. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge of the use of digital services among older migrants. This study analyses general socio-demographic as well as migration specific factors that may be associated with not having an e-ID among older migrants. We used the Care, Health and Ageing of Russian-speaking Minority in Finland (CHARM) study, which is a nationally representative survey of community-dwelling Russian-speaking adults aged\u2009\u2265\u200950 years living in Finland (N\u2009=\u20091082, 57% men, mean age 63.2 years, standard deviation 8.4 years, response rate 36%). Our results showed that 21% of older Russian-speakers did not have an e-ID. Our regression analysis showed that older age and poorer economic situation were associated with a lower probability of having an e-ID. In addition, we found an association between not speaking local languages and not having an e-ID. This may relate to private banks regulating the requirements for obtaining the most common e-ID method, online banking ID. We argue that for individuals who are already in vulnerable positions, current e-ID practices might pose yet another obstacle to obtaining the health services they need and are entitled to.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-023-01940-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T02:15:52Z","timestamp":1680488152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Migrants face Barriers to Obtaining Electronic Identification: A population-based Study Among Older Russian-speakers in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Kemppainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirpa","family":"Wrede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Kouvonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Supplement_3","key":"1940_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckz165","volume":"29","author":"W Ricciardi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ricciardi W, Pita Barros P, Bourek A, Brouwer W, Kelsey T, Lehtonen L, Expert Panel on Effective Ways of Investing in H: How to Govern the Digital Transformation of Health Services. 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The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the University of Helsinki Research Ethics Committee in the Humanities and Social and Behavioural Sciences (#6\/2019).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all the subjects involved in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}],"article-number":"45"}}