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In this position paper, we question this latter assumption by focusing on one particular aspect of interpretability, namely the plausibility of models. Roughly speaking, we equate the plausibility of a model with the likeliness that a user accepts it as an explanation for a prediction. In particular, we argue that\u2014all other things being equal\u2014longer explanations may be more convincing than shorter ones, and that the predominant bias for shorter models, which is typically necessary for learning powerful discriminative models, may not be suitable when it comes to user acceptance of the learned models. To that end, we first recapitulate evidence for and against this postulate, and then report the results of an evaluation in a crowdsourcing study based on about 3000 judgments. The results do not reveal a strong preference for simple rules, whereas we can observe a weak preference for longer rules in some domains. We then relate these results to well-known cognitive biases such as the conjunction fallacy, the representative heuristic, or the recognition heuristic, and investigate their relation to rule length and plausibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-019-05856-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]],"date-time":"2019-12-24T21:02:42Z","timestamp":1577221362000},"page":"853-898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["On cognitive preferences and the plausibility of rule-based models"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1207-0159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"F\u00fcrnkranz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7261-0380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Kliegr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4386-8195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heiko","family":"Paulheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"5856_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agrawal, R., Imielinski, T., & Swami, A.\u00a0N. 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