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These opportunities are often jeopardized by the lack of interpretability of such systems, slowing down AI adoption. To overcome the issue, we first introduce an analytical framework exploiting\n                    <jats:italic>multimodal deep learning<\/jats:italic>\n                    for the classification of prostate lesions using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data and clinical information on the patients. Then, we propose a\n                    <jats:italic>multimodal explainability<\/jats:italic>\n                    approach based on visual explanations to interpret the proposed model decision-making process and identify how the different modalities contribute to each specific prediction. Our findings, based on the PI-CAI Grand Challenge dataset, demonstrate the potential of combining multimodal data with eXplainable AI (XAI) to enhance prostate cancer diagnosis, improving model predictive performance, interpretability and understanding in treatment decision-making.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-026-07033-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T11:25:09Z","timestamp":1775215509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Integrating Multimodal Learning and Explainable AI for Enhanced and Interpretable Prostate Lesion Classification"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Giovannoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Metta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Berti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Colantonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Monreale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Pratesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Rinzivillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"7033_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-012-0142-6","author":"M Adhyam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adhyam, M., & Gupta, A. 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