{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T23:05:20Z","timestamp":1762297520751,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minds &amp; Machines"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-010-9184-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,6]],"date-time":"2010-02-06T07:40:27Z","timestamp":1265442027000},"page":"47-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Concepts: Stored or Created?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Mazzone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Lalumera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"9184_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(83)90012-4","volume":"13","author":"SL Armstrong","year":"1983","unstructured":"Armstrong, S. L., Gleitman, L. R., & Gleitman, H. (1983). What some concepts might not be. Cognition, 13, 263\u2013308. doi: 10.1016\/0010-0277(83)90012-4 .","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.11.1-4.629","volume":"11","author":"LW Barsalou","year":"1985","unstructured":"Barsalou, L. W. (1985). Ideals, central tendency, and frequency of instantiation as determinants of graded structure in categories. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11, 629\u2013654. doi: 10.1037\/0278-7393.11.1-4.629 .","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR3","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Concepts and conceptual development: Ecological and intellectual factors in categorization","author":"LW Barsalou","year":"1987","unstructured":"Barsalou, L. W. (1987). The instability of graded structure: Implications for the nature of concepts. In U. Neisser (Ed.), Concepts and conceptual development: Ecological and intellectual factors in categorization (pp. 101\u2013140). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR4","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Theories of memory","author":"LW Barsalou","year":"1993","unstructured":"Barsalou, L. W. (1993). Flexibility, structure, and linguistic vagary in concepts: Manifestations of a compositional system of perceptual symbols. In A. F. Collins, S. E. Gathercole, M. A. Conway, & P. E. Morris (Eds.), Theories of memory (pp. 29\u2013101). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum."},{"key":"9184_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99002149","volume":"22","author":"LW Barsalou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Barsalou, L. W. (1999). Perceptual symbol systems. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 577\u2013609.","journal-title":"The Behavioral and Brain Sciences"},{"key":"9184_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1319","volume":"358","author":"L Barsalou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barsalou, L. (2003). Abstraction in perceptual symbol systems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 358, 1177\u20131187. doi: 10.1098\/rstb.2003.1319 .","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London"},{"key":"9184_CR7","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Building object categories","author":"L Barsalou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barsalou, L. (2005). Abstraction as dynamic interpretation in perceptual symbol systems. In L. Gershkoff-Stowe & D. Rakison (Eds.), Building object categories (pp. 389\u2013431). Majwah, NJ: Erlbaum."},{"key":"9184_CR8","first-page":"97","volume-title":"Categories and concepts: Theoretical views and inductive data analysis","author":"L Barsalou","year":"1993","unstructured":"Barsalou, L., & Hale, C. R. (1993). Components of conceptual representations: From feature lists to recursive frames. In I. Van Mechelen, J. Hampton, R. Michalski, & P. Theuns (Eds.), Categories and concepts: Theoretical views and inductive data analysis (pp. 97\u2013144). London, New York: Academic Press."},{"key":"9184_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(02)00029-3","volume":"7","author":"L Barsalou","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barsalou, L., Simmons, W., Barbey, A., & Wilson, C. (2003). Grounding conceptual knowledge in modality-specific systems. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7, 84\u201389. doi: 10.1016\/S1364-6613(02)00029-3 .","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"9184_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0017.00188","volume":"17","author":"P Bloom","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bloom, P. (2002). Mindreading, communication and the learning of names for things. Mind & Language, 17, 37\u201354.","journal-title":"Mind & Language"},{"key":"9184_CR10","volume-title":"Conceptual change in childhood","author":"S Carey","year":"1985","unstructured":"Carey, S. (1985). Conceptual change in childhood. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press."},{"key":"9184_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470754603","volume-title":"Thoughts and utterances","author":"R Carston","year":"2002","unstructured":"Carston, R. (2002). Thoughts and utterances. London: Blackwell."},{"key":"9184_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0017.2004.00247.x","volume":"19","author":"A Clark","year":"2004","unstructured":"Clark, A., & Prinz, J. (2004). Putting concepts to work. Mind & Language, 19, 57\u201369. doi: 10.1111\/j.1468-0017.2004.00247.x .","journal-title":"Mind & Language"},{"key":"9184_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/0198236360.001.0001","volume-title":"Concepts. Where cognitive science went wrong","author":"J Fodor","year":"1998","unstructured":"Fodor, J. (1998). Concepts. Where cognitive science went wrong. Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR49","volume-title":"Cortex and mind","author":"J Fuster","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fuster, J. (2003). Cortex and mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"2","key":"9184_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/016909698386537","volume":"13","author":"M Gasser","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gasser, M., & Smith, L. B. (1998). Learning nouns and adjectives: A connectionist account. Language and Cognitive Processes, 13(2), 269\u2013306.","journal-title":"Language and Cognitive Processes"},{"key":"9184_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511983689.006","volume-title":"Perspectives on language and thought: Interrelations in development","author":"SA Gelman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Gelman, S. A., & Coley, J. (1991). Language and categorization: The acquisition of natural kind terms. In S. A. Gelman & J. P. Byrnes (Eds.), Perspectives on language and thought: Interrelations in development (pp. 146\u2013196). New York: Cambridge University Press."},{"issue":"3","key":"9184_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(86)90034-X","volume":"23","author":"SA Gelman","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gelman, S. A., & Markman, E. M. (1986). Categories and induction in young children. Cognition, 23(3), 183\u2013209. doi: 10.1016\/0010-0277(86)90034-X .","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR20","volume-title":"Constructions at work. The nature of generalization in language","author":"A Goldberg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Goldberg, A. (2006). Constructions at work. The nature of generalization in language. Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR21","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Categories and concepts: Theoretical views and inductive data analysis","author":"JA Hampton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hampton, J. A. (1993). Prototype models of concept representation. In I. Van Mechelen, J. Hampton, R. Michalski, & P. Theuns (Eds.), Categories and concepts: Theoretical views and inductive data analysis (pp. 67\u201395). London, New York: Academic Press."},{"key":"9184_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hampton, J. A. (2003). Abstraction and context in concept representation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Theme Issue: \u2018The abstraction paths: from experience to concept\u2019, 358, 1251\u20131259.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1314"},{"key":"9184_CR22","unstructured":"Hampton, J. A. (2006). Concepts as prototypes. In B. H. Ross (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory (vol. 46, pp. 79\u2013113)."},{"key":"9184_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195908","volume":"34","author":"JA Hampton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hampton, J. A., Dubois, D., & Yeh, W. (2006). The effects of pragmatic context on classification in natural categories. Memory & Cognition, 34, 1431\u20131443.","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR24","first-page":"481","volume-title":"Themes from Kaplan","author":"D Kaplan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kaplan, D. (1989). Demonstratives. In J. Almog, J. Perry, & H. Wettstein (Eds.), Themes from Kaplan (pp. 481\u2013563). Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2065.001.0001","volume-title":"Concepts, kinds, and cognitive development","author":"FC Keil","year":"1989","unstructured":"Keil, F. C. (1989). Concepts, kinds, and cognitive development. Cambridge, MA: MIT."},{"key":"9184_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3841(94)90341-7","volume":"92","author":"FC Keil","year":"1994","unstructured":"Keil, F.C. (1994). Explanation based constraints on the acquisition of word meaning. Lingua, 92, 169\u2013196.","journal-title":"Lingua"},{"key":"9184_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2005.12.001","volume":"94","author":"K Kowalski","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kowalski, K., & Zimiles, H. (2006). The relation between children's conceptual functioning with color and color term acquisition. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 94, 301\u2013321.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Child Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9184_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(97)01111-X","volume":"2","author":"B Landau","year":"1998","unstructured":"Landau, B., Smith, L., & Jones, S. (1998). Object perception and object naming in early development. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(1), 19\u201324. doi: 10.1016\/S1364-6613(97)01111-X .","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"9184_CR27","volume-title":"The foundations of mind","author":"J Mandler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mandler, J. (2004). The foundations of mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.102.3.419","volume":"102","author":"J McClelland","year":"1995","unstructured":"McClelland, J., McNaughton, B., & O\u2019Reilly, R. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102, 419\u2013457. doi: 10.1037\/0033-295X.102.3.419 .","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"9184_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.114.2.159","volume":"114","author":"JL McClelland","year":"1985","unstructured":"McClelland, J. L., & Rumelhart, D. E. (1985). Distributed memory and the representation of general and specific information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 114, 159\u2013197. doi: 10.1037\/0096-3445.114.2.159 .","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"9184_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511613296","volume-title":"On clear and confused ideas","author":"RG Millikan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Millikan, R. G. (2000). On clear and confused ideas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR30","first-page":"173","volume-title":"Categories and concepts: Theoretical views and inductive data analysis","author":"GL Murphy","year":"1993","unstructured":"Murphy, G. L. (1993). Theories and concept formation. In I. Van Mechelen, J. Hampton, R. Michalski, & P. Theuns (Eds.), Categories and concepts: Theoretical views and inductive data analysis (pp. 173\u2013200). London and New York: Academic Press."},{"key":"9184_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1602.001.0001","volume-title":"The big book of concepts","author":"GL Murphy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Murphy, G. L. (2002). The big book of concepts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press."},{"key":"9184_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.92.3.289","volume":"92","author":"GL Murphy","year":"1985","unstructured":"Murphy, G. L., & Medin, D. L. (1985). The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychological Review, 92, 289\u2013316. doi: 10.1037\/0033-295X.92.3.289 .","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"9184_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystems.2006.02.018","volume":"86","author":"A Plebe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Plebe, A., & Domenella, R. G. (2006). Early development of visual recognition. Bio Systems, 86, 63\u201374. doi: 10.1016\/j.biosystems.2006.02.018 .","journal-title":"Bio Systems"},{"key":"9184_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(83)90044-6","volume":"15","author":"G Rey","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rey, G. (1983). Concepts and stereotypes. Cognition, 15, 237\u2013262. doi: 10.1016\/0010-0277(83)90044-6 .","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR36","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Similarity and analogical reasoning","author":"L Rips","year":"1989","unstructured":"Rips, L. (1989). Similarity, typicality and categorization. In S. Vosniadou & A. Ortony (Eds.), Similarity and analogical reasoning (pp. 19\u201375). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"9184_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6161.001.0001","volume-title":"Semantic cognition\u2014a parallel distributed processing approach","author":"T Rogers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rogers, T., & McClelland, J. L. (2004). Semantic cognition\u2014a parallel distributed processing approach. Cambridge, MA: MIT."},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"9184_CR38","first-page":"61","volume":"6","author":"E Rosch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rosch, E. (1999). Reclaiming concepts. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 6(11\u201312), 61\u201377.","journal-title":"Journal of Consciousness Studies"},{"key":"9184_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2005.11.001","volume":"25","author":"L Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith, L. (2005). Cognition as a dynamic system: Principles from embodiment. Developmental Review, 25, 278\u2013298. doi: 10.1016\/j.dr.2005.11.001 .","journal-title":"Developmental Review"},{"key":"9184_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(91)90051-5","volume":"38","author":"N Soja","year":"1991","unstructured":"Soja, N., Carey, S., & Spelke, E. (1991). Ontological categories guide young children\u2019s inductions of word meaning: Object terms and substance terms. Cognition, 38, 179\u2013211. doi: 10.1016\/0010-0277(91)90051-5 .","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR55","volume-title":"Relevance: Communication and cognition","author":"D Sperber","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (1995). Relevance: Communication and cognition (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.","edition":"2"},{"key":"9184_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0017.00186","volume":"17","author":"D Sperber","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (2002). Pragmatics, modularity and mind-reading. Mind & Language, 17, 3\u201323. doi: 10.1111\/1468-0017.00186 .","journal-title":"Mind & Language"},{"key":"9184_CR43","first-page":"171","volume":"18","author":"D Sperber","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (2006). A deflationary account of metaphor. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 18, 171\u2013203.","journal-title":"UCL Working Papers in Linguistics"},{"key":"9184_CR44","first-page":"297","volume":"16","author":"RE Vega Moreno","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vega Moreno, R. E. (2004). Metaphor interpretation and emergence. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics, 16, 297\u2013322.","journal-title":"UCL Working Papers in Linguistics"},{"issue":"2","key":"9184_CR56","first-page":"449","volume":"21","author":"EJ Wisniewski","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wisniewski, E. J. (1995). Prior knowledge and functionally relevant features in concept learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(2), 449\u2013468.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"9184_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0017.2006.00284.x","volume":"21","author":"D Wilson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilson, D., & Carston, R. (2006). Metaphor, relevance and the \u2018emergent property\u2019 issue. Mind & Language, 21, 404\u2013433. doi: 10.1111\/j.1468-0017.2006.00284.x .","journal-title":"Mind & Language"},{"key":"9184_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2009.02.002","volume":"132","author":"LL Wu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wu, L. L., & Barsalou, L. W. (2009). Perceptual simulation in conceptual combination: Evidence from property generation. Acta Psychologica, 132, 173\u2013189.","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"key":"9184_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.2307\/20445349","volume":"119","author":"W Yeh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yeh, W., & Barsalou, L. W. (2006). The situated nature of concepts. The American Journal of Psychology, 119, 349\u2013384.","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychology"}],"container-title":["Minds and Machines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11023-010-9184-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11023-010-9184-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11023-010-9184-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:52:08Z","timestamp":1739839928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11023-010-9184-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["9184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11023-010-9184-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-6495","1572-8641"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0924-6495"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1572-8641"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}}}