{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T13:08:37Z","timestamp":1771333717101,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006692","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006692","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minds &amp; Machines"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Healthcare is becoming increasingly automated with the development and deployment of care robots. There are many benefits to care robots but they also pose many challenging ethical issues. This paper takes care robots for the elderly as the subject of analysis, building on previous literature in the domain of the ethics and design of care robots. Using the value sensitive design (VSD) approach to technology design, this paper extends its application to care robots by integrating the values of care, values that are specific to AI, and higher-scale values such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The ethical issues specific to care robots for the elderly are discussed at length alongside examples of specific design requirements that work to ameliorate these ethical concerns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-021-09561-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T08:02:46Z","timestamp":1622448166000},"page":"395-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Value Sensitive Design to Achieve the UN SDGs with AI: A Case of Elderly Care Robots"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2594-6313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven","family":"Umbrello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0005-2356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Balistreri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7134-4535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Pirni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Merenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-006-9129-8","volume":"9","author":"A Albrechtslund","year":"2007","unstructured":"Albrechtslund, A. (2007). Ethics and technology design. Ethics and Information Technology, 9(1), 63\u201372.","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"key":"9561_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-016-0677-0","author":"SD Baum","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baum, S. D. (2016). On the promotion of safe and socially beneficial artificial intelligence. AI and Society. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00146-016-0677-0","journal-title":"AI and Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"9561_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1145\/2804405","volume":"22","author":"S B\u00f8dker","year":"2015","unstructured":"B\u00f8dker, S. (2015). Third-wave HCI, 10 years later\u2014Participation and sharing. Interactions, 22(5), 24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2804405","journal-title":"Interactions"},{"key":"9561_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Borning, A., & Muller, M. (2012). Next steps for value sensitive design. Proceedings of the 2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems\u2014CHI \u201912 (p. 1125). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2207676.2208560","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208560"},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10677-009-9186-2","volume":"13","author":"M Coeckelbergh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Coeckelbergh, M. (2010). Health care, capabilities, and AI assistive technologies. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 13(2), 181\u2013190.","journal-title":"Ethical Theory and Moral Practice"},{"key":"9561_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Czeskis, A., Dermendjieva, I., Yapit, H., Borning, A., Friedman, B., Gill, B., & Kohno, T. (2010). Parenting from the pocket: Value tensions and technical directions for secure and private parent-teen mobile safety. In Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (p. 15). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/1837110.1837130"},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1145\/2398356.2398377","volume":"56","author":"T Denning","year":"2013","unstructured":"Denning, T., Kohno, T., & Levy, H. M. (2013). A framework for evaluating security risks associated with technologies used at home. Communications of the ACM, 56(1), 94\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2398356.2398377","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"December","key":"9561_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12932\/AP0443.32.4.2014","volume":"28","author":"L Floridi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., Chatila, R., Chazerand, P., Dignum, V., et al. (2018). AI4People\u2014An ethical framework for a good AI society: Opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds and Machines, 28(December), 1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12932\/AP0443.32.4.2014","journal-title":"Minds and Machines"},{"key":"9561_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-020-00213-5","author":"L Floridi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Floridi, L., Cowls, J., King, T. C., & Taddeo, M. (2020). Designing AI for social good: Seven essential factors. Science and Engineering Ethics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-020-00213-5","journal-title":"Science and Engineering Ethics"},{"key":"9561_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.08.009","author":"B Friedman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Friedman, B., & Kahn, P. H., Jr. (2002). Value sensitive design: Theory and methods. University of Washington Technical. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.08.009.","journal-title":"University of Washington Technical"},{"key":"9561_CR11","unstructured":"Friedman, B., & Kahn, P. H., Jr. (2003). Human values, ethics, and design. In J. A. Jacko & A. Sears (Eds.), The human\u2013computer interaction handbook (pp. 1177\u20131201). L. Erlbaum Associates Inc. http:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?id=772072.772147"},{"key":"9561_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Friedman, B., & Hendry, D. G. (2012). The envisioning cards: A toolkit for catalyzing humanistic and technical imaginations. In Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems\u2014CHI \u201912 (pp. 1145\u20131148). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2207676.2208562","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208562"},{"key":"9561_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7585.001.0001","volume-title":"Value sensitive design: Shaping technology with moral imagination","author":"B Friedman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Friedman, B., & Hendry, D. G. (2019). Value sensitive design: Shaping technology with moral imagination. Mit Press."},{"key":"9561_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7844-3_4","volume-title":"Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory","author":"B Friedman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Friedman, B., Kahn, P. H., Jr., Borning, A., & Huldtgren, A. (2013). Value sensitive design and information systems. In N. Doorn, D. Schuurbiers, I. van de Poel, & M. E. Gorman (Eds.), Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory (pp. 55\u201395). Springer Netherlands. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-7844-3_4"},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1561\/1100000015","volume":"11","author":"B Friedman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Friedman, B., Hendry, D. G., & Borning, A. (2017). A survey of value sensitive design methods. Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Human\u2013Computer Interaction, 11(2), 63\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1561\/1100000015","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Human\u2013Computer Interaction"},{"key":"9561_CR16","unstructured":"High-Level Expert Group on AI. (2019). Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI | Shaping Europe\u2019s digital future. European Commission. https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/digital-single-market\/en\/news\/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai. Accessed 25 February 2020."},{"key":"9561_CR17","unstructured":"Kahn, P. H., Jr., Friedman, B., Freier, N., & Severson, R. (2003). Coding manual for children\u2019s interactions with AIBO, the robotic dog\u2014The preschool study. University of Washington CSE Technical Report 03-04, 3."},{"key":"9561_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/technologies6040100","author":"J Khakurel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khakurel, J., Penzenstadler, B., Porras, J., Knutas, A., & Zhang, W. (2018). The rise of artificial intelligence under the lens of sustainability. Technologies. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/technologies6040100","journal-title":"Technologies"},{"key":"9561_CR19","unstructured":"Kuttoor, R. (2020, July 2). Kerala village deploys robot nurses for patient care. The Hindu. https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/kerala\/kerala-village-deploys-robot-nurses-for-patient-care\/article31966585.ece. Accessed 2 July 2020."},{"key":"9561_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Le Dantec, C. A., Poole, E. S., & Wyche, S. P. (2009). Values As Lived Experience: Evolving Value Sensitive Design in Support of Value Discovery. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1141\u20131150). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1518701.1518875","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518875"},{"issue":"12","key":"9561_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4182","DOI":"10.3390\/app10124182","volume":"10","author":"F Longo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Longo, F., Padovano, A., & Umbrello, S. (2020). Value-oriented and ethical technology engineering in industry 5.0: A human-centric perspective for the design of the factory of the future. Applied Sciences, 10(12), 4182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app10124182","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"key":"9561_CR22","unstructured":"Macdonald, K. (2020, July 1). New robot technology to fight Covid care isolation. BBC News. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-scotland-53241556. Accessed 2 July 2020."},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-010-9198-2","volume":"17","author":"N Manders-Huits","year":"2011","unstructured":"Manders-Huits, N. (2011). What values in design? The challenge of incorporating moral values into design. Science and Engineering Ethics, 17(2), 271\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-010-9198-2","journal-title":"Science and Engineering Ethics"},{"key":"9561_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4531","DOI":"10.3390\/s19204531","volume":"19","author":"E Martinez-Martin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martinez-Martin, E., Costa, A., & Cazorla, M. (2019). PHAROS 2.0\u2014A PHysical Assistant RObot System Improved. Sensors, 19, 4531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s19204531","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9020367","volume":"9","author":"E Martinez-Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martinez-Martin, E., Escalona, F., & Cazorla, M. (2020). Socially assistive robots for older adults and people with autism: An overview. Electronics, 9(2), 367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/electronics9020367","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2012.10.015","volume":"74","author":"E Mordoch","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mordoch, E., Osterreicher, A., Guse, L., Roger, K., & Thompson, G. (2013). Use of social commitment robots in the care of elderly people with dementia: A literature review. Maturitas, 74(1), 14\u201320.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"9561_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nathan, L. P., Klasnja, P. V., & Friedman, B. (2007). Value scenarios: A technique for envisioning systemic effects of new technologies. In CHI \u201907 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 2585\u20132590). ACM. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1240866.1241046","DOI":"10.1145\/1240866.1241046"},{"key":"9561_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00181","volume":"4","author":"C Pa\u00fal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pa\u00fal, C., Teixeira, L., & Ribeiro, O. (2017). Active aging in very old age and the relevance of psychological aspects. Frontiers in Medicine, 4, 181.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR29","first-page":"133","volume":"159","author":"A Pirni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pirni, A., Esposito, R., Carnevale, A., & Cavallo, F. (2017). Sostenibilit\u00e0 etica dei personal care robot. Linee per un inquadramento preliminare. Nuova Corrente, 159(1), 133\u2013151.","journal-title":"Nuova Corrente"},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-014-9338-5","volume":"16","author":"A Sharkey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sharkey, A. (2014). Robots and human dignity: A consideration of the effects of robot care on the dignity of older people. Ethics and Information Technology, 16(1), 63\u201375.","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-010-9234-6","volume":"14","author":"A Sharkey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sharkey, A., & Sharkey, N. (2012). Granny and the robots: Ethical issues in robot care for the elderly. Ethics and Information Technology, 14(1), 27\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-010-9234-6","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"issue":"6","key":"9561_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.2217\/pme-2016-0057","volume":"13","author":"T Sharon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharon, T. (2016). The Googlization of health research: From disruptive innovation to disruptive ethics. Personalized Medicine, 13(6), 563\u2013574.","journal-title":"Personalized Medicine"},{"key":"9561_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sharon, T. (2020). Beyond Hostile Worlds: The Multiple Sphere Ontology of the Digitalization and Googlization of Health (June 22, 2020). Available at SSRN: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3633371https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.3633371","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3633371"},{"issue":"3","key":"9561_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-014-9344-7","volume":"16","author":"T Sorell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sorell, T., & Draper, H. (2014). Robot carers, ethics, and older people. Ethics and Information Technology, 16(3), 183\u2013195.","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-006-9030-6","volume":"16","author":"R Sparrow","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sparrow, R., & Sparrow, L. (2006). In the hands of machines? The future of aged care. Minds and Machines, 16(2), 141\u2013161.","journal-title":"Minds and Machines"},{"key":"9561_CR36","volume-title":"Moral boundaries: A political argument for an ethic of care","author":"JC Tronto","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tronto, J. C. (1993). Moral boundaries: A political argument for an ethic of care. Psychology Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/bdcc3010005","volume":"3","author":"S Umbrello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Umbrello, S. (2019). Beneficial artificial intelligence coordination by means of a value sensitive design approach. Big Data and Cognitive Computing, 3(1), 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bdcc3010005","journal-title":"Big Data and Cognitive Computing"},{"issue":"37","key":"9561_CR38","first-page":"40","volume":"13","author":"S Umbrello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Umbrello, S. (2020a). Meaningful human control over smart home systems: A value sensitive design approach. Humana.Mente Journal of Philosophical Studies, 13(37), 40\u201365.","journal-title":"Humana.Mente Journal of Philosophical Studies"},{"key":"9561_CR39","first-page":"107","volume":"65","author":"S Umbrello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Umbrello, S. (2020b). Combinatory and complementary practices of values and virtues in design: A reply to Reijers and Gordijn. Filosofia, 65, 107\u2013121.","journal-title":"Filosofia"},{"key":"9561_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-021-00038-3","author":"S Umbrello","year":"2021","unstructured":"Umbrello, S., & van de Poel, I. (2021). Mapping value sensitive design onto AI for social good principles. AI and Ethics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43681-021-00038-3","journal-title":"AI and Ethics"},{"key":"9561_CR41","unstructured":"United Nations. Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. , Pub. L. No. A\/RES\/70\/1 (2018). United Nations. https:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/post2015\/transformingourworld. Accessed 26 January 2020."},{"key":"9561_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14512\/gaia.28.2.1","author":"United Nations","year":"2019","unstructured":"United Nations. (2019). Sustainable development goals. GAIA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14512\/gaia.28.2.1","journal-title":"GAIA"},{"issue":"3","key":"9561_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s13347-011-0015-x","volume":"24","author":"S Vallor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vallor, S. (2011). Carebots and caregivers: Sustaining the ethical ideal of care in the twenty-first century. Philosophy & Technology, 24(3), 251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13347-011-0015-x","journal-title":"Philosophy & Technology"},{"key":"9561_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-7762-0_20","volume-title":"Philosophy and engineering: Reflections on practice, principles and process","author":"I van de Poel","year":"2013","unstructured":"van de Poel, I. (2013). Translating values into design requirements. In D. P. Michelfelder, N. McCarthy, & D. E. Goldberg (Eds.), Philosophy and engineering: Reflections on practice, principles and process (pp. 253\u2013266). Springer Netherlands. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-7762-0_20"},{"issue":"3","key":"9561_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-015-9724-3","volume":"22","author":"I van de Poel","year":"2016","unstructured":"van de Poel, I. (2016). An ethical framework for evaluating experimental technology. Science and Engineering Ethics, 22(3), 667\u2013686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-015-9724-3","journal-title":"Science and Engineering Ethics"},{"key":"9561_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-020-09537-4","author":"I van de Poel","year":"2020","unstructured":"van de Poel, I. (2020). Embedding values in artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Minds and Machines. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11023-020-09537-4","journal-title":"Minds and Machines"},{"key":"9561_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van den Hoven, J. (2007). ICT and value sensitive design. In P. Goujon, S. Lavelle, P. Duquenoy, K. Kimppa, & V. Laurent (Eds.), The Information Society: Innovation, legitimacy, ethics and democracy in honor of professor Jacques Berleur s.j.: Proceedings of the Conference \u201cInformation Society: Governance, Ethics and Social Consequences\u201d, University of Namur, Belgium 22\u201323 May 20 (pp. 67\u201372). Springer US. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-72381-5_8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-72381-5_8"},{"key":"9561_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van den Hoven, J., & Jacob, K. (2013). Options for Strengthening Responsible Research and Innovation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2777\/46253","DOI":"10.2777\/46253"},{"issue":"1","key":"9561_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-011-9277-z","volume":"18","author":"J van den Hoven","year":"2012","unstructured":"van den Hoven, J., Lokhorst, G. J., & van de Poel, I. (2012). Engineering and the problem of moral overload. Science and Engineering Ethics, 18(1), 143\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-011-9277-z","journal-title":"Science and Engineering Ethics"},{"key":"9561_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van den Hoven, J., Vermaas, P. E., & van de Poel, I. (2015). In J. van den Hoven, P. E. Vermaas, & I. van de Poel (Eds.), Handbook of ethics, values, and technological design: Sources, theory, values and application domains. Springer Reference. Springer Netherlands. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-6970-0","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-6970-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1080\/23299460.2017.1326261","volume":"4","author":"H van Lente","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Lente, H., Swierstra, T., & Joly, P. B. (2017). Responsible innovation as a critique of technology assessment. Journal of Responsible Innovation, 4(2), 254\u2013261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23299460.2017.1326261","journal-title":"Journal of Responsible Innovation"},{"key":"9561_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van Wynsberghe, A. (2012). Designing Robots With Care: Creating an Ethical Framework for the Future Design and Implementation of Care Robots. University of Twente. Retrieved from http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbdv.200490137\/abstract","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.200490137\/abstract"},{"issue":"2","key":"9561_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-011-9343-6","volume":"19","author":"A van Wynsberghe","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Wynsberghe, A. (2013a). Designing robots for care: Care centered value-sensitive design. Science and Engineering Ethics, 19(2), 407\u2013433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11948-011-9343-6","journal-title":"Science and Engineering Ethics"},{"issue":"5","key":"9561_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1108\/IR-12-2012-451","volume":"40","author":"A van Wynsberghe","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Wynsberghe, A. (2013b). A method for integrating ethics into the design of robots. Industrial Robot: An International Journal, 40(5), 433\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/IR-12-2012-451","journal-title":"Industrial Robot: An International Journal"},{"key":"9561_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Wynsberghe, A. (2015). Healthcare robots: Ethics, design and implementation. Routledge. https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Healthcare-Robots-Ethics-Design-and-Implementation\/Wynsberghe\/p\/book\/9781472444332","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315586397"},{"issue":"4","key":"9561_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-016-9409-x","volume":"18","author":"A van Wynsberghe","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Wynsberghe, A. (2016). Service robots, care ethics, and design. Ethics and Information Technology, 18(4), 311\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-016-9409-x","journal-title":"Ethics and Information Technology"},{"key":"9561_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2147\/MB.S160348","volume":"9","author":"A van Wynsberghe","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Wynsberghe, A., & Li, S. (2019). A paradigm shift for robot ethics: From HRI to human\u2013robot\u2013system interaction (HRSI).Medicolegal and Bioethics, 9, 11\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/MB.S160348","journal-title":"Medicolegal and Bioethics"},{"key":"9561_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2017.08.014","volume":"74","author":"T Vandemeulebroucke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vandemeulebroucke, T., de Casterl\u00e9, B. D., & Gastmans, C. (2018). The use of care robots in aged care: A systematic review of argument-based ethics literature. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 74, 15\u201325.","journal-title":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics"},{"key":"9561_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Woelfer, J. P., Iverson, A., Hendry, D. G., Friedman, B., & Gill, B. T. (2011). Improving the Safety of Homeless Young People with Mobile Phones: Values, Form and Function. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1707\u20131716). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1978942.1979191","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979191"},{"key":"9561_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoo, D., Huldtgren, A., Woelfer, J. P., Hendry, D. G., & Friedman, B. (2013). A value sensitive action-reflection model: Evolving a co-design space with stakeholder and designer prompts. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 419\u2013428).","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2470715"}],"container-title":["Minds and Machines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11023-021-09561-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11023-021-09561-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11023-021-09561-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T05:10:45Z","timestamp":1632546645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11023-021-09561-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["9561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11023-021-09561-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-6495","1572-8641"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-6495","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8641","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}