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On the other hand, it has been defended and still attracts interest as a test for true artificial intelligence (AI). Scientists and philosophers regret the test\u2019s current status, acknowledging that the situation is at odds with the intellectual standards of Turing\u2019s works. This article refers to this as the Turing Test Dilemma, following the observation that the test has been under discussion for over seventy years and still is widely seen as either too bad or too good to be a valuable experiment for AI. An argument that solves the dilemma is presented, which relies on reconstructing the Turing test as a thought experiment in the modern scientific tradition. It is argued that Turing\u2019s exposition of the imitation game satisfies Mach\u2019s characterization of the basic method of thought experiments and that Turing\u2019s uses of his test satisfy Popper\u2019s conception of the critical and heuristic uses of thought experiments and Kuhn\u2019s association of thought experiments to conceptual change. It is emphasized how Turing methodically varied the imitation game design to address specific challenges posed to him by other thinkers and how his test illustrates a property of the phenomenon of intelligence and suggests a hypothesis on machine learning. This reconstruction of the Turing test provides a rapprochement to the conflicting views on its value in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-022-09616-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]],"date-time":"2022-11-27T06:30:13Z","timestamp":1669530613000},"page":"1-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The Turing Test is a Thought Experiment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2794-8478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardo","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"9616_CR2","unstructured":"Blum, P. R. (2010). Michael Polanyi: Can the mind be represented by a machine? Documents of the discussion in 1949. 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