{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T14:59:21Z","timestamp":1771513161366,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012352","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012352","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minds &amp; Machines"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kripkenstein\u2019s challenge is usually described as being essentially about the use of a word in new kinds of cases \u2012 the old kinds of cases being commonly considered as non-problematic. I show that this way of conceiving the challenge is neither true to Kripke\u2019s intentions nor philosophically defensible: the Kripkean skeptic can question my answering \u201c125\u201d to the question \u201cWhat is 68 plus 57?\u201d even if that problem is one I have already encountered and answered. I then argue that once the real nature of Kripkenstein\u2019s challenge is properly appreciated, one extremely popular strategy to try to meet it, what usually goes by the name of \u201csemantic dispositionalism\u201d, loses much of its appeal. Along the way, I also explain that Kripkenstein\u2019s challenge is actually two distinct challenges \u2012 one concerning the mental state of meaning, or intending, something by a sign and the other concerning the meaning (referentially conceived) of linguistic expressions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11023-023-09629-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T14:02:51Z","timestamp":1679925771000},"page":"135-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Dilemma for Dispositional Answers to Kripkenstein\u2019s Challenge"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8706-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Guardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"9629_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00485244","volume":"58","author":"S Blackburn","year":"1984","unstructured":"Blackburn, S. (1984). The individual strikes back. Synthese, 58(3), 281\u2013301.","journal-title":"Synthese"},{"issue":"392","key":"9629_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/XCVIII.392.507","volume":"98","author":"PA Boghossian","year":"1989","unstructured":"Boghossian, P. A. (1989). The rule-following considerations. Mind, 98(392), 507\u2013549.","journal-title":"Mind"},{"key":"9629_CR3","volume-title":"The conscious mind \u2013 in search of a fundamental theory","author":"DJ Chalmers","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chalmers, D. J. (1996). The conscious mind \u2013 in search of a fundamental theory. New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9629_CR4","unstructured":"Chalmers, D. J. (2006). [2010]. Two-dimensional semantics. In David J. Chalmers, The character of consciousness (pp. 541\u2013568). New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"3","key":"9629_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.2307\/2274035","volume":"51","author":"H Deutsch","year":"1986","unstructured":"Deutsch, H. (1986). Review of Saul A. Kripke, Wittgenstein on rules and private language \u2013 an elementary exposition. Journal of Symbolic Logic, 51(3), 819\u2013821.","journal-title":"Journal of Symbolic Logic"},{"issue":"5","key":"9629_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.5840\/jphil2011108518","volume":"108","author":"H Ginsborg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ginsborg, H. (2011). Primitive normativity and skepticism about rules. Journal of Philosophy, 108(5), 227\u2013254.","journal-title":"Journal of Philosophy"},{"issue":"1","key":"9629_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/can.2019.48","volume":"50","author":"H Ginsborg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ginsborg, H. (2020). Wittgenstein on going on. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 50(1), 1\u201317.","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Philosophy"},{"key":"9629_CR8","unstructured":"Goodman, N. (1954). The new riddle of induction. In Nelson Goodman, Fact, fiction, and forecast (pp. 59\u201383). Cambridge-London: Harvard University Press."},{"key":"9629_CR9","volume-title":"Words without meaning","author":"C Gauker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gauker, C. (2003). Words without meaning. Cambridge-London: MIT Press."},{"key":"9629_CR10","volume-title":"Sprache und Regeln \u2013 Zur Normativit\u00e4t von Bedeutung","author":"K Gl\u00fcer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gl\u00fcer, K. (1999). Sprache und Regeln \u2013 Zur Normativit\u00e4t von Bedeutung. Berlin: Akademie Verlag."},{"key":"9629_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guardo, A. (2020a). Meaning relativism and subjective idealism. Synthese, 197(9), 4047\u20134064.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-018-01917-9"},{"key":"9629_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guardo, A. (2020b). Two epistemological arguments against two semantic dispositionalisms. Journal for the Philosophy of Language, Mind and the Arts, 1(1), 5\u201317.","DOI":"10.30687\/Jolma\/\/2020\/01\/001"},{"key":"9629_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guardo, A. (2022). Yet another victim of Kripkenstein\u2019s monster: dispositions, meaning, and privilege. Ergo, 8(55), 857\u2013882.","DOI":"10.3998\/ergo.2256"},{"key":"9629_CR11","unstructured":"Hattiangadi, A. (forthcoming). Quadders and zombies: a Kripkean argument against materialism. In Claudine Verheggen (Ed.), Kripke\u2019s Wittgenstein on rules and private language at 40. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press."},{"issue":"1","key":"9629_CR12","first-page":"283","volume":"12","author":"J Heil","year":"1998","unstructured":"Heil, J., & Martin, C. B. (1998). Rules and powers. Philosophical Perspectives, 12(1), 283\u2013312.","journal-title":"Philosophical Perspectives"},{"issue":"3","key":"9629_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00694847","volume":"68","author":"M Johnston","year":"1992","unstructured":"Johnston, M. (1992). How to speak of the colors. Philosophical Studies, 68(3), 221\u2013263.","journal-title":"Philosophical Studies"},{"key":"9629_CR14","unstructured":"Kandel, E. R., Schwartz, J. H., Jessell, T. M., Siegelbaum, S. A., & Hudspeth, A. J. (2013). Principles of neural science \u2013 Fifth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill."},{"key":"9629_CR15","first-page":"481","volume-title":"Themes from Kaplan","author":"D Kaplan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kaplan, D. (1989). Demonstratives \u2013 an essay on the semantics, logic, metaphysics, and epistemology of demonstratives and other indexicals. In Joseph Almog, John Perry, & Howard Wettstein (Eds.), Themes from Kaplan (pp. 481\u2013563). New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"2","key":"9629_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1933-1592.2012.00624.x","volume":"85","author":"S Kearns","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kearns, S., & Magidor, O. (2012). Semantic sovereignty. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 85(2), 322\u2013350.","journal-title":"Philosophy and Phenomenological Research"},{"key":"9629_CR17","volume-title":"Wittgenstein on rules and private language \u2013 an elementary exposition","author":"S Kripke","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kripke, S. (1981). [1982]. Wittgenstein on rules and private language \u2013 an elementary exposition. Oxford: Blackwell."},{"key":"9629_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199682751.001.0001","volume-title":"Assessment sensitivity \u2013 relative truth and its applications","author":"J MacFarlane","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacFarlane, J. (2014). Assessment sensitivity \u2013 relative truth and its applications. New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"9629_CR19","unstructured":"McDowell, J. (1984). [1998]. Wittgenstein on following a rule. In John McDowell, Mind, value, and reality (pp. 221\u2013262). Cambridge-London: Harvard University Press."},{"key":"9629_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller, A. (2002). [2014]. Introduction. In Alexander Miller & Crispin Wright (Eds.), Rule-following and meaning (pp. 1\u201315). London-New York: Routledge.","DOI":"10.1017\/UPO9781844653355.001"},{"key":"9629_CR21","unstructured":"Miller, A. (2011). Rule-following skepticism. In Sven Bernecker & Duncan Pritchard (Eds.), The Routledge companion to epistemology (pp. 454\u2013463). London-New York: Routledge."},{"key":"9629_CR22","unstructured":"Padro, R. (2015). What the tortoise said to Kripke \u2013 The adoption problem and the epistemology of logic. City University of New York, PhD dissertation."},{"issue":"393","key":"9629_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/XCIX.393.1","volume":"99","author":"P Pettit","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pettit, P. (1990). The reality of rule-following. Mind, 99(393), 1\u201321.","journal-title":"Mind"},{"key":"9629_CR24","unstructured":"Podlaskowski, A. C. (forthcoming). The gruesome truth about semantic dispositionalism. Acta Analytica."},{"issue":"3","key":"9629_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2307\/2273415","volume":"45","author":"H Putnam","year":"1980","unstructured":"Putnam, H. (1980). Models and reality. Journal of Symbolic Logic, 45(3), 464\u2013482.","journal-title":"Journal of Symbolic Logic"},{"key":"9629_CR26","volume-title":"Wittgenstein on rules \u2013 justification, grammar, and agreement","author":"JR Shaw","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shaw, J. R. (2022). Wittgenstein on rules \u2013 justification, grammar, and agreement. New York-Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"issue":"4","key":"9629_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1080\/00048409312345462","volume":"71","author":"T Shogenji","year":"1993","unstructured":"Shogenji, T. (1993). Modest scepticism about rule-following. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 71(4), 486\u2013500.","journal-title":"Australasian Journal of Philosophy"},{"issue":"1","key":"9629_CR28","first-page":"313","volume":"12","author":"S Soames","year":"1998","unstructured":"Soames, S. (1998). Facts, truth conditions, and the skeptical solution to the rule-following paradox. Philosophical Perspectives, 12(1), 313\u2013348.","journal-title":"Philosophical Perspectives"},{"issue":"1","key":"9629_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-4975.1992.tb00147.x","volume":"17","author":"P van Inwagen","year":"1992","unstructured":"van Inwagen, P. (1992). There is no such thing as addition. Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 17(1), 138\u2013159.","journal-title":"Midwest Studies in Philosophy"},{"issue":"3","key":"9629_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1080\/09672559.2015.1042005","volume":"23","author":"C Verheggen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verheggen, C. (2015). Towards a new kind of semantic normativity. International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 23(3), 410\u2013424.","journal-title":"International Journal of Philosophical Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"9629_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/nous.12242","volume":"54","author":"J Warren","year":"2020","unstructured":"Warren, J. (2020). Killing Kripkenstein\u2019s monster. No\u00fbs, 54(2), 257\u2013289.","journal-title":"No\u00fbs"},{"key":"9629_CR32","unstructured":"Wittgenstein, L. (1921). [1974]. Logisch-philosophische Abhandlung. English translation Tractatus logico-philosophicus. London-New York: Routledge."},{"key":"9629_CR33","volume-title":"Philosophical investigations","author":"L Wittgenstein","year":"1953","unstructured":"Wittgenstein, L. (1953). [2009]. Philosophical investigations. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell."}],"container-title":["Minds and Machines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11023-023-09629-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11023-023-09629-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11023-023-09629-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,7]],"date-time":"2023-04-07T04:19:58Z","timestamp":1680841198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11023-023-09629-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11023-023-09629-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-6495","1572-8641"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-6495","type":"print"},{"value":"1572-8641","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 October 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}