{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T19:05:56Z","timestamp":1771700756308,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]],"date-time":"2010-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1283299200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-010-0591-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,31]],"date-time":"2010-08-31T10:51:23Z","timestamp":1283251883000},"page":"677-723","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A software for performance evaluation and comparison of people detection and tracking methods in video processing"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Bahadir","family":"Karasulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serdar","family":"Korukoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"591_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aguilera J, Wildenauer H, Kampel M, Borg M, Thirde D, Ferryman J (2005) Evaluation of motion segmentation quality for aircraft activity surveillance. In Proc. of the 2nd Joint IEEE Int. Workshop on Visual Surveillance and Perform (VS-PETS \u201905), Beijing, China, pp 293\u2013300, October 2005. doi: 10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570928","DOI":"10.1109\/VSPETS.2005.1570928"},{"key":"591_CR2","unstructured":"AVITrack (2009) Aircraft surroundings, categorised vehicles & individuals tracking for apron\u2019s activity model interpretation & check. http:\/\/www.avitrack.net . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR3","unstructured":"Bashir F, Porikli F (2006) Performance evaluation of object detection and tracking systems. In: Proc. 9th IEEE International Workshop on PETS. New York, USA, pp 7\u201314, June 18"},{"key":"591_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baumann A, Boltz M, Ebling J et al (2008) A review and comparison of measures for automatic video surveillance systems. EURASIP J Image Video Process, vol 2008, Article ID 824726, 30 pp. doi: 10.1155\/2008\/824726","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/824726"},{"key":"591_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benezeth Y, Jodoin PM, Emile B, Laurent H, Rosenberger C (2008) Review and evaluation of commonly-implemented background subtraction algorithms. In: Pattern Recognition, (ICPR 2008) 19th Int. Conf. on Publication Date: 8\u201311 Dec. 2008, pp 1\u20134. doi: 10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4760998","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2008.4760998"},{"key":"591_CR6","unstructured":"Bradski GR (1998) Computer vision face tracking for use in a perceptual user interface. In: Intel Technol J. http:\/\/developer.intel.com\/technology\/itj\/q21998\/articles\/art_2.htm . (Q2 1998)"},{"key":"591_CR7","unstructured":"Bradski G, Kaehler A (2008) Learning OpenCV: computer vision with the OpenCV library. O\u2019Reilly Media, Inc. Publication, 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. ISBN: 978-0-596-51613-0"},{"key":"591_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brdiczka O, Yuen P, Zaidenberg S, Reignier P, Crowley JL (2006) Automatic acquisition of context models and its application to video surveillance. In 18th Int. Conf. on Pattern Recognit. (ICPR\u201906). Hong Kong, pp 1175\u20131178, August 2006","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.292"},{"issue":"3","key":"591_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2007.10.007","volume":"29","author":"EJ Carmona","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carmona EJ, Mart\u00ednez-Cantos J, Mira J (2008) A new video segmentation method of moving objects based on blob-level knowledge. Pattern Recogn Lett 29(3):272\u2013285. doi: 10.1016\/j.patrec.2007.10.007","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn Lett"},{"key":"591_CR10","unstructured":"CAVIAR (2009) Context aware vision using image-based active recognition. http:\/\/homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk\/rbf\/CAVIAR . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR11","unstructured":"Cheung SC, Kamath C (2004) Robust techniques for background subtraction in urban traffic video. Video Communications and Image Processing, SPIE Electronic Imaging, San Jose, January. UCRL-JC-153846-ABS, UCRL-CONF-200706"},{"key":"591_CR12","unstructured":"CLEAR (2009) Classification of events, activities and relationships\u2014evaluation campaign and workshop. http:\/\/www.clear-evaluation.org . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Comaniciu D, Meer P (1999) Mean shift analysis and applications. IEEE Int Conf Computer Vision (ICCV\u201999). Kerkyra, Greece, pp 1197\u20131203","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.1999.790416"},{"issue":"5","key":"591_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1109\/34.1000236","volume":"24","author":"D Comaniciu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Comaniciu D, Meer P (2002) Mean shift: A robust approach toward feature space analysis. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 24(5):603\u2013619. doi: 10.1109\/34.1000236","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"591_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Comaniciu D, Ramesh V (2000) Mean shift and optimal prediction for efficient object tracking. In Proc of IEEE Conf on Image Processing (ICIP 2000), Vancouver, Canada, Vol. 3:70\u201373. doi: 10.1109\/ICIP.2000.899297","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2000.899297"},{"key":"591_CR16","unstructured":"CREDS (2009) Call for real-time event detection solutions (creds) for enhanced security and safety in public transportation. http:\/\/www.visiowave.com\/pdf\/ISAProgram\/CREDS.pdf . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2004.10.005","volume":"20","author":"CE Erdem","year":"2005","unstructured":"Erdem CE, Ernst F, Redert A, Hendriks E (2005) Temporal stabilization of video object tracking for 3D-TV applications. Signal Process Image Commun 20:151\u2013167. doi: 10.1016\/j.image.2004.10.005","journal-title":"Signal Process Image Commun"},{"key":"591_CR18","unstructured":"Fleet DJ, Wiess Y (2005) Optical flow estimation. In: Paragios N, Chen Y, Faugeras O (eds) Mathematical models in computer vision: the handbook, Ch. 15. Springer, pp 239\u2013258"},{"key":"591_CR19","isbn-type":"print","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0371-2","volume-title":"Multisensor surveillance systems: the fusion perspective","author":"GL Foresti","year":"2003","unstructured":"Foresti GL, Regazzoni CS, Varshney PK (2003) Multisensor surveillance systems: the fusion perspective. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. ISBN 1-4020-7492-1","ISBN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/isbn\/1402074921"},{"key":"591_CR20","unstructured":"Fran\u00e7ois RJA (2004) CAMSHIFT tracker design experiments with Intel OpenCV and SAI. IRIS Technical Report IRIS-04-423. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA"},{"issue":"8","key":"591_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868683","volume":"22","author":"I Haritaoglu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Haritaoglu I, Harwood D, Davis LS (2000) W4: Real-time surveillance of people and their activities. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 22(8):809\u2013830. doi: 10.1109\/34.868683","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"591_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(81)90024-2","volume":"17","author":"BKP Horn","year":"1981","unstructured":"Horn BKP, Schunk BG (1981) Determining optical flow. Artif Intell 17(1\u20133):185\u2013203. doi: 10.1016\/0004-3702(81)90024-2","journal-title":"Artif Intell"},{"key":"591_CR23","unstructured":"Howlett M (2009) Nplot. Net charting-plotting scientific library. http:\/\/www.netcontrols.org\/nplot . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR24","unstructured":"Jaynes C, Webb S, Steele RM, Xiong Q (2002) An open development environment for evaluation of video surveillance systems (ODViS). In: Proc. 3rd IEEE Int. Workshop on PETS (PETS\u20192002), June 2002. Copenhagen, Denmark, pp 32\u201329"},{"issue":"4","key":"591_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2008.12.005","volume":"113","author":"PM Jodoin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jodoin PM, Mignotte M (2009) Optical-flow based on an edge-avoidance procedure. Comput Vis Image Underst 113(4):511\u2013531. doi: 10.1016\/j.cviu.2008.12.005","journal-title":"Comput Vis Image Underst"},{"key":"591_CR26","unstructured":"Karasulu B (2009) The ViCamPEv website. http:\/\/efe.ege.edu.tr\/~karasulu\/vicampev\/ . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"591_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.57","volume":"31","author":"R Kasturi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kasturi R, Goldgof D, Soundararajan P, Manohar V, Garofolo J, Bowers R, Boonstra M, Korzhova V, Zhang J (2009) Framework for performance evaluation of face, text, and vehicle detection and tracking in video: data, metrics, and protocol. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 31(2):319\u2013336. doi: 10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.57","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"1","key":"591_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2007.07.007","volume":"111","author":"N Lazarevic-McManus","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lazarevic-McManus N, Renno JR, Makris D, Jones GA (2008) An object-based comparative methodology for motion detection based on the F-Measure. Comput Vis Image Underst 111(1):74\u201385. doi: 10.1016\/j.cviu.2007.07.007 , Special Issue on Intelligent Visual Surveillance","journal-title":"Comput Vis Image Underst"},{"key":"591_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"List T, Fisher RB (2004) CVML\u2014an XML-based computer vision markup language. In Proc. of the 17th Int. Conf. on Pattern Recognit. (ICPR 04), vol. 1. Cambridge, UK, pp 789\u2013792, August 2004. doi: 10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1334335","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2004.1334335"},{"key":"591_CR30","unstructured":"Lucas B, Kanade T (1981) An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision. In Proc. Seventh Int. Joint Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Vancouver, Canada, pp 674\u2013679"},{"key":"591_CR31","unstructured":"Manohar V, Boonstra M, Korzhova V (2006) PETS vs. VACE evaluation programs: a comparative study. Proc. 9th IEEE Int. Workshop on PETS, New York, USA, pp 1\u20136, June 18"},{"key":"591_CR32","unstructured":"Mitsubishi MERL (2010) PEP: Performance Evaluation Platform for object tracking methods. http:\/\/www.merl.com\/projects\/pep\/ . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"591_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(02)00129-4","volume":"21","author":"K Nummiaro","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nummiaro K, Koller-Meier E, Van Gool LJ (2003) An adaptive color-based particle filter. Image Vis Comput 21(1):99\u2013110. doi: 10.1016\/S0262-8856(02)00129-4","journal-title":"Image Vis Comput"},{"key":"591_CR34","unstructured":"OpenCV (2009) The open computer vision library. http:\/\/sourceforge.net\/projects\/opencvlibrary\/ . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pauwels K, Van Hulle MM (2009) Optic flow from unstable sequences through local velocity constancy maximization. Image Vis Comput 27(5):579\u2013587, In: the 17th British Machine Vision Conf. (BMVC 2006). doi: 10.1016\/j.imavis.2008.04.010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2008.04.010"},{"key":"591_CR36","unstructured":"PETS (2007) IEEE international workshop on performance evaluation of tracking and surveillance. http:\/\/pets2007.net . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"key":"591_CR37","unstructured":"Porikli F (2002) Automatic video object segmentation. Ph.D. Dissertation, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, Newyork, USA"},{"key":"591_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Remagnino P, Jones GA, Paragios N, Regazzoni CS (Eds) (2002) Video-based surveillance systems: computer vision and distributed processing. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, ISBN\/ISSN 0-7923-7632-3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0913-4"},{"key":"591_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sacan A, Ferhatosmanoglu H, Coskun H (2008) CellTrack: an open-source software for cell tracking and motility analysis. Bioinformatics Advance Access published on May 29, 2008, Bioinformatics 2008 (24):1647\u20131649. doi: 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn247","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn247"},{"issue":"1","key":"591_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/0734-189X(86)90124-6","volume":"35","author":"B Schunk","year":"1986","unstructured":"Schunk B (1986) The image flow constraint equation. Comput Vis Graph Image Process 35(1):20\u201346. doi: 10.1016\/0734-189X(86)90124-6","journal-title":"Comput Vis Graph Image Process"},{"issue":"7","key":"591_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2006.12.012","volume":"40","author":"C Shan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shan C, Tan T, Wei Y (2007) Real-time hand tracking using a mean shift embedded particle filter. Pattern Recognit 40(7):1958\u20131970. doi: 10.1016\/j.patcog.2006.12.012","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit"},{"key":"591_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi J, Tomasi C (1994) Good features to track. In: IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognit. (CVPR), pp 593\u2013600. doi: 10.1109\/CVPR.1994.323794","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1994.323794"},{"key":"591_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thirde D, Borg M, Aguilera J, Wildenauer H, Ferryman J, Kampel M (2007) Robust real-time tracking for visual surveillance. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, vol. 2007, Article ID 96568, 23 pp, 2007. doi: 10.1155\/2007\/96568","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/96568"},{"key":"591_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torralba A, Murphy KP, Freeman WT, Rubin MA (2003) Context-based vision system for place and object recognition. In Proceedings of IEEE Intl. Conf. on Computer Vision (ICCV). Nice, France","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2003.1238354"},{"key":"591_CR45","unstructured":"VACE (2009) Video analysis and content extraction. http:\/\/www.perceptual-vision.com\/vt4ns\/vace_brochure.pdf . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"issue":"6","key":"591_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2007.05.003","volume":"22","author":"V Viitaniemi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Viitaniemi V, Laaksonen J (2007) Evaluating the performance in automatic image annotation: Example case by adaptive fusion of global image features. Signal Process Image Commun 22(6):557\u2013568. doi: 10.1016\/j.image.2007.05.003","journal-title":"Signal Process Image Commun"},{"key":"591_CR47","unstructured":"VIPeR (2009) Viewpoint invariant pedestrian recognition. http:\/\/vision.soe.ucsc.edu\/node\/178 . Accessed 20 Jan 2010"},{"issue":"7","key":"591_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598236","volume":"19","author":"C Wren","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wren C, Azarbayejani A, Darrell T, Pentland AP (1997) Pfinder: real-time tracking of the human body. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 19(7):780\u2013785. doi: 10.1109\/34.598236.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"591_CR49","unstructured":"Yang C, Duraiswami R, Davis L (2005) Efficient mean-shift tracking via a new similarity measure. In: Proc. of IEEE Conf. on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognit. (CVPR\u201905). IEEE Press, Washington, USA, pp 1176\u20131834"},{"issue":"4","key":"591_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1145\/1177352.1177355","volume":"38","author":"A Yilmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yilmaz A, Javed O, Shah M (2006) Object tracking: a survey. ACM Comput Surv 38(4):45. doi: 10.1145\/1177352.1177355 , Article 13","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-010-0591-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-010-0591-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-010-0591-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,3]],"date-time":"2023-06-03T02:24:37Z","timestamp":1685759077000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-010-0591-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["591"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-010-0591-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,1]]}}}