{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:00:17Z","timestamp":1777654817690,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512000000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 103-2221-E-468-007-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 103-2221-E-468-007-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 105-2221-E-155-083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 105-2221-E-155-083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 103-2221-E-110-045-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 103-2221-E-110-045-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 102-2221-E-110-032-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 102-2221-E-110-032-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-017-5430-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T01:44:14Z","timestamp":1512006254000},"page":"20001-20020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Rain streak removal based on non-negative matrix factorization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Chia-Hung","family":"Yeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chih-Yang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kahlil","family":"Muchtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pin-Hsian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"5430_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-008-0200-2","volume":"86","author":"PC Barnum","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barnum PC, Narasimhan S, Kanade T (2010) Analysis of rain and snow in frequency space. Int J Comput Vis 86(2\u20133):256\u2013274","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5430_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-011-0421-7","volume":"93","author":"J Bossu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bossu J, Hauti\u00e8re N, Tarel J-P (2011) Rain or snow detection in image sequences through use of a histogram of orientation of streaks. Int J Comput Vis 93(3):348\u2013367","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"5430_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brewer N, Liu N (2008) Using the shape characteristics of rain to identify and remove rain from video. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp 451\u2013458","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89689-0_49"},{"issue":"8","key":"5430_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2014.2308627","volume":"24","author":"DY Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen DY, Chen CC, Kang LW (2014) Visual depth guided color image rain streaks removal using sparse coding. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 24(8):1430\u20131455","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol"},{"issue":"16","key":"5430_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19523","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.019523","volume":"22","author":"S Fang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fang S, Xia X-S, Huo X, Chen C-W (2014) Image dehazing using polarization effects of objects and airlight. Opt Express 22(16):19523\u201319537","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"key":"5430_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garg K, Nayar SK (2004) Detection and removal of rain from videos. Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp 528\u2013535","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2004.1315077"},{"key":"5430_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garg K, Nayar SK (2005) When does a camera see rain?. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp 1067\u20131074","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.253"},{"issue":"3","key":"5430_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141985","volume":"25","author":"K Garg","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garg K, Nayar SK (2006) Photorealistic rendering of rain streaks. ACM Trans Graph 25(3):996\u20131002","journal-title":"ACM Trans Graph"},{"issue":"1","key":"5430_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-006-0028-6","volume":"75","author":"K Garg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garg K, Nayar SK (2007) Vision and rain. Int J Comput Vis 75(1):3\u201327","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"5430_CR10","unstructured":"Gregor K, LeCun Y (2010) Learning fast approximations of sparse coding. Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp 399\u2013406"},{"key":"5430_CR11","unstructured":"Grindlay G (2010) \"NMFLib-Efficient Matlab library implementing a number of common NMF variants.\" http:\/\/www.ee.columbia.edu\/~grindlay\/code.html"},{"issue":"12","key":"5430_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.168","volume":"33","author":"K He","year":"2011","unstructured":"He K, Sun J, Tang X (2011) Single image haze removal using dark channel prior. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 33(12):2341\u20132353","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"5430_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang DA, Kang LW, Yang MC, Lin CW, Wang YCF (2012) Context-aware single image rain removal. IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, pp 164\u2013169","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2012.92"},{"issue":"4","key":"5430_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2011.2179057","volume":"21","author":"LW Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang LW, Lin CW, Fu YH (2012) Automatic single-image-based rain streaks removal via image decomposition. IEEE Trans Image Process 21(4):1742\u20131755","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"5430_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang L-W, Zhuang B, Hsu C-C, Lin C-W, Yeh C-H (2013) Self-learning-based low-quality single image super resolution. Proceedings of IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing","DOI":"10.1109\/MMSP.2013.6659292"},{"issue":"2","key":"5430_CR16","first-page":"19","volume":"2","author":"S Krishnan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krishnan S, Venkataraman D (2012) Restoration of video by removing rain. Int J Comput Sci Eng Appl 2(2):19\u201328","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Eng Appl"},{"key":"5430_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/44565","volume":"401","author":"DD Lee","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lee DD, Seung HS (1999) Learning the parts of objects by non-negative matrix factorization. Nature 401:788\u2013791","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5430_CR18","unstructured":"Lee DD, Seung HS (2001) Algorithms for non-negative matrix factorization. Advances in neural information processing systems"},{"issue":"10","key":"5430_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.2007.19.10.2756","volume":"19","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin CJ (2007) Projected gradient methods for nonnegative matrix factorization. Neural Comput 19(10):2756\u20132779","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"5430_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mairal J, Bach F, Ponce J, Sapiro G (2009) Online dictionary learning for sparse coding. Proceedings of International Conference on Machine Learning, pp 689\u2013696","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553463"},{"key":"5430_CR21","first-page":"19","volume":"11","author":"J Mairal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mairal J, Bach F, Ponce J, Sapiro G (2010) Online learning for matrix factorization and sparse coding. J Mach Learn Res 11:19\u201360","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"5430_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manu BN (2015) Rain removal from still images using L0 gradient minimization technique. IEEE International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, pp 263\u2013268","DOI":"10.1109\/ICITEED.2015.7408953"},{"issue":"15","key":"5430_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2014.01.170","volume":"125","author":"Z Shi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shi Z, Long J, Tang W, Zhang C (2014) Single image dehazing in inhomogeneous atmosphere. Int J Light Electron Opt 125(15):3868\u20133875","journal-title":"Int J Light Electron Opt"},{"key":"5430_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Utaminingrum F, Somawirata I-K (2015) Rain streaks removal by using composite method. IEEE International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems, pp 139\u2013142","DOI":"10.1109\/SITIS.2015.81"},{"issue":"8","key":"5430_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868680","volume":"22","author":"L Wixson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wixson L (2000) Detecting salient motion by accumulating directionally-consistent flow. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 22(8):774\u2013780","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"issue":"7","key":"5430_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598236","volume":"19","author":"CR Wren","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wren CR, Azarbayejani A, Darrell T, Pentland AP (1997) Pfinder: real-time tracking of the human body. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 19(7):780\u2013785","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"5430_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue X, Jin X, Zhang C, Goto S (2012) Motion robust rain detection and removal from videos. IEEE 14th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, pp 170\u2013174","DOI":"10.1109\/MMSP.2012.6343435"},{"key":"5430_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yeh C-H, Kang L-W, Lin C-Y (2012) Image haze removal via haze density analysis based on pixel-based dark channel prior. Proceedings of Computer Vision & Graphic Image Processing","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIC.2012.6449750"},{"issue":"22","key":"5430_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27127","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.21.027127","volume":"21","author":"CH Yeh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yeh CH, Kang L-W, Lee M-S, Lin C-Y (2013) Haze effect removal from image via haze density estimation in optical model. Opt Express 21(22):27127\u201327141","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"key":"5430_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2014.02.012","volume":"25","author":"C-H Yeh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yeh C-H, Kang L-W, Chiou Y-W, Lin C-W, Jiang S-JF (2014) Self-learning-based post-processing for image\/video deblocking via sparse representation. J Vis Commun Image Represent 25:891\u2013903","journal-title":"J Vis Commun Image Represent"},{"key":"5430_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang X, Li H, Qi Y, Leow WK, Ng TK (2006) Rain removal in video by combining temporal and chromatic properties. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, pp 461\u2013464","DOI":"10.1109\/ICME.2006.262572"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-017-5430-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-017-5430-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-017-5430-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,7]],"date-time":"2019-10-07T00:11:25Z","timestamp":1570407085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-017-5430-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["5430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-017-5430-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1380-7501","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]}}}