{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T22:23:31Z","timestamp":1745274211679,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"13-14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimed Tools Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-019-7348-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T09:03:40Z","timestamp":1551949420000},"page":"8483-8518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative analysis of segmentation techniques based on chest X-ray images"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Mahreen","family":"Kiran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazish","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamood","family":"ur Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadia","family":"Din","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4335-8331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alavalapati Goutham","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"7348_CR1","unstructured":"Anand (2013) Similarity measure. Accepted Answer from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/answers\/68720-dice-similarity-index-between-segmented-image-and-ground-truth\/\n\n. Accessed 26 March 2013"},{"key":"7348_CR2","volume-title":"Automated detection of lung diseases in chest x-rays","author":"S Antani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Antani S (2015) Automated detection of lung diseases in chest x-rays. US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda"},{"key":"7348_CR3","unstructured":"Atlas based lung segmentation (2016) \nhttp:\/\/www.computervisiononline.com\/software\/atlas-based-lung-boundary-detection\/\n\n. Accessed 27 Jan 2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/2151237X.2007.10129236","volume":"12","author":"D Bradley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bradley D, Roth G (2007) Adaptive thresholding using the integral image. Journal of Graphics, GPU, and Game Tools 12(2):13\u201321","journal-title":"Journal of Graphics, GPU, and Game Tools"},{"key":"7348_CR5","unstructured":"Bueno S, Martinez-Albala A, Cosfas P (2004) Fuzziness and pde based models for the segmentation of medical image. In Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2004 IEEE, volume 6, pages 3777\u20133780. IEEE"},{"key":"7348_CR6","unstructured":"Camilus S (2009) Fuzzy c-means segmentation. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/25532-fuzzy-c-means-segmentation\/\n\n. Accessed 09 Oct 2009"},{"key":"7348_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chaki N, Shaikh SH, Saeed K (2014) A comprehensive survey on image binarization techniques. In Exploring Image Binarization Techniques 5\u201315","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-1907-1_2"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1109\/83.902291","volume":"10","author":"TF Chan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chan TF, Vese LA (2001) Active contours without edges. IEEE Trans Image Process 10(2):266\u2013277","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/1049-9660(91)90028-N","volume":"53","author":"LD Cohen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cohen LD (1991) On active contour models and balloons. CVGIP: Image Understanding 53(2):211\u2013218","journal-title":"CVGIP: Image Understanding"},{"key":"7348_CR10","unstructured":"Contrast enhancement techniques (2017). \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/images\/examples\/contrast-enhancement-techniques.html\/\n\n. Accessed 07 Feb 2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"7348_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.2307\/1932409","volume":"26","author":"LR Dice","year":"1945","unstructured":"Dice LR (1945) Measures of the amount of ecologic association between species. Ecology 26(3):297\u2013302","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"7348_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dunn JC (1973) A fuzzy relative of the isodata process and its use in detecting compact well-separated clusters","DOI":"10.1080\/01969727308546046"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-11-00180.1","volume":"4","author":"MJ Feldman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Feldman MJ, Hoffer EP, Barnett GO, Kim RJ, Famiglietti KT, Chueh HC (2012) Impact of a computer-based diagnostic decision support tool on the differential diagnoses of medicine residents. Journal of Graduate Medical Education 4(2):227\u2013231","journal-title":"Journal of Graduate Medical Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000022288.19776.77","volume":"59","author":"PF Felzenszwalb","year":"2004","unstructured":"Felzenszwalb PF, Huttenlocher DP (2004) Efficient graphbased image segmentation. Int J Comput Vis 59(2):167\u2013181","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"7348_CR15","unstructured":"Garcia D (2010) Image segmentation using otsu thresholding. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/26532-image-segmentation-using-otsu-thresholding\/\n\n. Accessed 10 Mar 2010"},{"key":"7348_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghosh S, Dubey SK (2013) Comparative analysis of k-means and fuzzy c-means algorithms. Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl 4(4)","DOI":"10.14569\/IJACSA.2013.040406"},{"key":"7348_CR17","unstructured":"Histogram equalization (2015) Available from: \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/images\/histogram-equalization.html\n\n. Accessed 09 Apr 2015"},{"key":"7348_CR18","volume-title":"Pattern recognition with fuzzy objective function algorithms","author":"JC Bezdek","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bezdek JC (2013) Pattern recognition with fuzzy objective function algorithms. Springer Science & Business Media, New York"},{"key":"7348_CR19","unstructured":"K means image segmentation in matlab (2007). Available from \nhttp:\/\/freesourcecode.net\/matlabprojects\/56833\/k-means-image-segmentation-in-matlab\/\n\n. Accessed 27 Aug 2007"},{"key":"7348_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamra P, Vishraj R, Gupta S et al (2015) Performance comparison of image segmentation techniques for lung nodule detection in ct images. In Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC), 2015 International Conference on, pages 302\u2013306. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPCC.2015.7375045"},{"issue":"4","key":"7348_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00133570","volume":"1","author":"M Kass","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kass M, Witkin A, Terzopoulos D (1988) Snakes: Active contour models. Int J Comput Vis 1(4):321\u2013331","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"7348_CR22","unstructured":"Kato Z. Zerubia J et al (2012) Markov random fields in image segmentation. Foundations and Trends\u00ae in Signal Processing 5(1\u20132):1\u2013155"},{"issue":"10","key":"7348_CR23","first-page":"3441","volume":"3","author":"N Kaur","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaur N, Kaur R (2011) A review on various methods of image thresholding. International Journal on Computer Science and. Engineering 3(10):3441","journal-title":"Engineering"},{"key":"7348_CR24","unstructured":"Khan A, Ravi S (2013) Image segmentation methods: A comparative study"},{"issue":"4","key":"7348_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1109\/76.915354","volume":"11","author":"J-Y Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim J-Y, Kim L-S, Hwang S-H (2001) An advanced contrast enhancement using partially overlapped sub-block histogram equalization. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 11(4):475\u2013484","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology"},{"key":"7348_CR26","unstructured":"Lankton S (2016) Active contour segmentation. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/19567-active-contour-segmentation\/\n\n. Accessed 31 Mar 2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"7348_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.5391\/IJFIS.2015.15.1.35","volume":"15","author":"J Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee J, Pant SR, Lee H-S (2015) An adaptive histogram equalization based local technique for contrast preserving image enhancement. International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems 15(1):35\u201344","journal-title":"International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"7348_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-013-0500-z","volume":"9","author":"SH Lim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lim SH, Isa NAM, Ooi CH, Toh KKV (2015) A new histogram equalization method for digital image enhancement and brightness preservation. SIViP 9(3):675\u2013689","journal-title":"SIViP"},{"key":"7348_CR29","unstructured":"Lin (2015) Image segmentation based on Markov random fields. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/33592-image-segmentation-based-on-markov-random-fields\/\n\n. Accessed 02 Nov 2015"},{"key":"7348_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magudeeswaran V, Ravichandran C (2013) Fuzzy logic-based histogram equalization for image contrast enhancement. Math Probl Eng 2013","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/891864"},{"key":"7348_CR31","unstructured":"Marker-controlled watershed segmentation. Available from \nhttp:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/images\/examples\/marker-controlled-watershed-segmentation.html?refresh=true\/"},{"key":"7348_CR32","unstructured":"MathWorks. Graythresh (2016) Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/images\/ref\/graythresh.html\/\n\n. Accessed 04 Aug 2016"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"7348_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-013-1437-4","volume":"24","author":"HM Moftah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moftah HM, Azar AT, Al-Shammari ET, Ghali NI, Hassanien AE, Shoman M (2014) Adaptive k-means clustering algorithm for mr breast image segmentation. Neural Comput & Applic 24(7-8):1917\u20131928","journal-title":"Neural Comput & Applic"},{"key":"7348_CR34","unstructured":"Motl J (2013) Niblack. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/40849-niblack-local-thresholding\/content\/niblack\/niblack.m\/\n\n. Accessed 10 May 2013"},{"key":"7348_CR35","unstructured":"Motl J (2013) Sauvola local image thresholding. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/40266-sauvola-local-image-thresholding\/\n\n. Accessed 08 May 2013"},{"key":"7348_CR36","unstructured":"Motl J (2015) Bradley local image thresholding. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/40854-bradley-local-image-thresholding\/\n\n. Accessed 19 Apr 2015"},{"key":"7348_CR37","unstructured":"Nair DMS (2007) Edge detection and segmentation. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/13628-edge-detection-and-segmentation\/content\/Edge%20Detection%20and%20Segmentation\/quadtree.m\/\n\n. Accessed 11 Jan 2007"},{"key":"7348_CR38","volume-title":"An introduction to digital image processing","author":"W Niblack","year":"1986","unstructured":"Niblack W (1986) An introduction to digital image processing. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs"},{"key":"7348_CR39","unstructured":"P. Orchard (2007) Markov random field optimisation. Available from: \nhttp:\/\/homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk\/rbf\/CVonline\/LOCAL_COPIES\/AV0809\/ORCHARD"},{"issue":"285-296","key":"7348_CR40","first-page":"23","volume":"11","author":"N Otsu","year":"1975","unstructured":"Otsu N (1975) A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. Automatica 11(285-296):23\u201327","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"issue":"1","key":"7348_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.2.1.315","volume":"2","author":"DL Pham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pham DL, Xu C, Prince JL (2000) Current methods in medical image segmentation 1. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2(1):315\u2013337","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biomed Eng"},{"key":"7348_CR42","unstructured":"Rais NB, Hanif MS, Taj IA (2004) Adaptive thresholding technique for document image analysis. In Multitopic Conference, 2004. Proceedings of INMIC 2004. 8th International, pages 61\u201366. IEEE"},{"key":"7348_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saad MN, Muda Z, Ashaari NS, Hamid HA (2014) Image segmentation for lung region in chest x-ray images using edge detection and morphology. In Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), 2014 IEEE International Conference on, pages 46\u201351. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSCE.2014.7072687"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00055-2","volume":"33","author":"J Sauvola","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sauvola J, Pietik\u00e4inen M (2000) Adaptive document image binarization. Pattern Recogn 33(2):225\u2013236","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn"},{"key":"7348_CR45","unstructured":"Segmentation using clustering methods. Available from \nhttp:\/\/cs.haifa.ac.il\/~dkeren\/acv\/clustering-ponce-forsyth-16.pdf\/"},{"issue":"8","key":"7348_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868688","volume":"22","author":"J Shi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shi J, Malik J (2000) Normalized cuts and image segmentation. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 22(8):888\u2013905","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"7348_CR47","unstructured":"Shoelson B (2016) Thresholdlocally. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/29764-thresholdlocally\/\n\n. Accessed 01 Sep 2016"},{"issue":"6","key":"7348_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.813140","volume":"12","author":"J-L Starck","year":"2003","unstructured":"Starck J-L, Murtagh F, Candes EJ, Donoho DL (2003) Gray and color image contrast enhancement by the curvelet transform. IEEE Trans Image Process 12(6):706\u2013717","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"issue":"5","key":"7348_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1109\/83.841534","volume":"9","author":"JA Stark","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stark JA (2000) Adaptive image contrast enhancement using generalizations of histogram equalization. IEEE Trans Image Process 9(5):889\u2013896","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"7348_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stolojescu-Cri C (2013) \u00b8San and \u00b8S. Holban. A comparison of x-ray image segmentation techniques. Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering. Engineering 13(3)","DOI":"10.4316\/AECE.2013.03014"},{"key":"7348_CR51","unstructured":"Subashini P, Sridevi N (2011) An optimal binarization algorithm based on particle swarm optimization. International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE) 1"},{"key":"7348_CR52","unstructured":"Suvanov S, Choi J-J. Contrast enhancement using sub-image histogram equalization"},{"issue":"7","key":"7348_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16981","DOI":"10.3390\/s150716981","volume":"15","author":"C-C Ting","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ting C-C, Wu B-F, Chung M-L, Chiu C-C, Wu Y-C (2015) Visual contrast enhancement algorithm based on histogram equalization. Sensors 15(7):16981\u201316999","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"12","key":"7348_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1109\/42.974918","volume":"20","author":"B Ginneken Van","year":"2001","unstructured":"Van Ginneken B, Romeny BTH, Viergever MA (2001) Computer-aided diagnosis in chest radiography: a survey. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 20(12):1228\u20131241","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"7348_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2005.02.002","volume":"10","author":"B Ginneken Van","year":"2006","unstructured":"Van Ginneken B, Stegmann MB, Loog M (2006) Segmentation of anatomical structures in chest radiographs using supervised methods: a comparative study on a public database. Med Image Anal 10(1):19\u201340","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"issue":"10","key":"7348_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1312192","volume":"27","author":"B Ginneken Van","year":"2000","unstructured":"Van Ginneken B, ter Haar Romeny BM (2000) Automatic segmentation of lung fields in chest radiographs. Med Phys 27(10):2445\u20132455","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"7348_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vicente S, Kolmogorov V, Rother C (2008) Graph cut based image segmentation with connectivity priors. In Computer vision and pattern recognition, 2008. CVPR 2008. IEEE conference on, pages 1\u20138. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2008.4587440"},{"key":"7348_CR58","unstructured":"Wong LP (2007) Sauvola local image thresholding. Available from \nhttps:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/matlabcentral\/fileexchange\/12543-example-of-lung-region-extraction-from-chest-x-ray-image\/\n\n. Accessed 09 Feb 2007"},{"key":"7348_CR59","unstructured":"Wong L, Ewe H (2005) A study of lung cancer detection using chest x-ray images. In Proceedings of 3rd APT Telemedicine Workshop, Kuala Lumpur, pages 27\u201328"},{"issue":"2","key":"7348_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1007\/s10043-015-0073-x","volume":"22","author":"H Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu H, Chen Q, Zuo C, Yang C, Liu N (2015) Range limited double-thresholds multi-histogram equalization for image contrast enhancement. Opt Rev 22(2):246\u2013255","journal-title":"Opt Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"7348_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2012.12.025","volume":"58","author":"H Yao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yao H, Duan Q, Li D, Wang J (2013) An improved k-means clustering algorithm for fish image segmentation. Math Comput Model 58(3):790\u2013798","journal-title":"Math Comput Model"}],"container-title":["Multimedia Tools and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-019-7348-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11042-019-7348-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11042-019-7348-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T01:37:37Z","timestamp":1586223457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11042-019-7348-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13-14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["7348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-019-7348-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1380-7501","1573-7721"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1380-7501"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1573-7721"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 December 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 February 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 March 2019","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}